Prefects and Governors in Nineteenth-century Europe: Towards a Comparative History of Provincial Senior Officials

Acknowledgment
Contents
Notes on Contributors
List of Figures
Chapter 1: For a European History of Prefects and Governors: Administrative Action and State-Building in the Nineteenth Century
	1.1 A European Figure of Authority
	1.2 Compartmentalized Historical Scholarship
	1.3 Circulations and Similarities
	1.4 Mastering Comparison and Rediscovering Differences
	1.5 The Purpose of This Book: To Start at the Beginning
	References
Chapter 2: Russian Governors, Governors General, and Viceroys (1700–1855)
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Governors
	2.3 Governors General
	2.4 Viceroys
	2.5 Concluding Remarks
	Appendix: A Sample of Careers
	References
Chapter 3: From Gouverneur to Statthalter: The Highest Government Officials in the Lands of the Austrian Monarchy
	3.1 Literature and Sources: A Paradox
	3.2 The Lands of the Austrian Monarchy
	3.3 Make the Empire Governable: Mid-eighteenth-Century Reform
	3.4 Reforms in the Wake of the 1848 Revolution (1849–1853)
	3.5 The 1867 Constitution and Its Consequences
	3.6 Some Aspects of the Social Position of the Statthalter
	3.7 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 4: The Positions of Oberpräsident, Regierungspräsident, and Landrat in Nineteenth-Century Prussian Administration: What We know and Current Enquiry
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 The Period of Institutional Administrative History (1960s and 1970s)
		4.2.1 The Administrative Geography of Prussia
		4.2.2 Changes to the Prerogatives of the Three Senior Provincial Officials
		4.2.3 The Status of ‘Professional Bureaucrats’
	4.3 The Period of Social History (1980s and 1990s)
		4.3.1 The Place of Prussian Senior Government Officials in German Elites
		4.3.2 The Sonderweg Debate on Comparative Studies
		4.3.3 The Social, Geographical, and Religious Origins of Prussian Senior Government Officials
	4.4 Towards a History of Practices and Representations (2000s and 2010s)
		4.4.1 From the Legal Habitus to Administrative Practices
		4.4.2 From Prosopography to Self-Representations
		4.4.3 Senior Government Officials as Seen in Criticism and Satire
	4.5 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 5: Prefects, Governors, and Commissioners of the King in the Netherlands, c. 1800–1900
	5.1 The Commissaris van de Koning: An Introduction
	5.2 Historiography and Sources
	5.3 Revolution and Integration
	5.4 The Napoleonic Prefects
	5.5 The United Kingdom of the Netherlands
	5.6 The Creation of the Modern Commissioner of the King
	5.7 Concluding Remarks—Commissioners and Provincial Government, 1800–1900: the Balancing of Interests
	References
Chapter 6: French Prefects and Authority in Nineteenth-Century France: Current Knowledge and Research Perspectives
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 An Authority Figure in Nineteenth-Century France
	6.3 From the “Political” Prefect to the Prefect as “Administrator”
		6.3.1 A Primarily Political History Structured by Regime
		6.3.2 The Prefectoral Institution Apprehended Through Actions
	6.4 Blind Spots and Research Perspectives: Two Lines of Enquiry
		6.4.1 The Administrative Action of Prefects in Times of Crisis, War, and Colonial Domination
		6.4.2 Prefects’ Popularity, Unpopularity, and Sense of Self
	References
Chapter 7: The Italian Prefect from Napoleon to the Early Twentieth Century
	7.1 Introduction: The Significance of Periodicisation in the Case of Italy
	7.2 The Napoleonic Period
	7.3 The Restoration and the Pre-Unitary Period
	7.4 Unitary Italy
	7.5 Conclusion: Beyond Periodisation
	References
Chapter 8: Civil Governors in Nineteenth-century Spain: Centralisation, Politicisation, and Militarisation
	8.1 Overview on Historiography and General Issues
	8.2 The Origins of the Civil Governor in Spain: A Bumpy Trajectory
		8.2.1 Fomento Subdelegates as the Precedent for Civil Governors
		8.2.2 Political Chiefs as the Precedent for Civil Governors
		8.2.3 From Political Chiefs to Civil Governors
	8.3 The Issue of Public Order: How Civilian Governors Were Weakened by the Power of the Military
	8.4 The Post of Civil Governor and Its Configuration from 1849 Onwards: Politicisation and Professionalisation
	8.5 Conclusion
	Appendix: Brief Presentation of Three Governors Who Have Left Memoirs
		Antonio Guerola
		Fermín Arteta
		Julián Zugasti
	References
Chapter 9: Government Without Prefects. Did the UK Offer an Alternative Model?
	9.1 An Alternative Model?
	9.2 Counties
	9.3 County Government in the British Isles Circa 1800
	9.4 Developments in County Government to 1900
	9.5 Conclusion: The UK in Comparative Perspective
	References
Chapter 10: General Conclusion
	10.1 Confirmation of Research Insights
	10.2 Some Avenues of Research
Author Index
Subject Index