Pre-Eclampsia: prevention, prediction and possibilities

Cover......Page 1
Half Title......Page 2
Title Page......Page 4
Copyright Page......Page 5
Table of Contents......Page 6
Preface......Page 12
Acknowledgements......Page 14
Author......Page 16
PART 1: GENERAL ASPECTS OF PRE-ECLAMPSIA......Page 18
  General aspects of pre-eclampsia......Page 20
  What is obstetric vasculopathy?......Page 21
PART 2: POSSIBILITIES IN AETIOLOGY OF PRE-ECLAMPSIA......Page 24
  Types of pre-eclampsia based on immunology......Page 26
  Uterine glands and placentation......Page 27
   Uterine gland knockout cells......Page 28
  References......Page 29
  Introduction......Page 32
  Endothelial activation and prostaglandins......Page 33
  Antiphospholipid antibodies act through procoagulant mechanism......Page 34
   Clinical bearings......Page 35
   Cytokines......Page 36
  References......Page 37
  What is a free radical?......Page 40
  Oxygen: A double-edged sword......Page 41
  Lipid peroxides: The agents of oxidative stress......Page 42
  Lipid metabolism in normal pregnancy and in pre-eclampsia......Page 45
  Small dense LDL phenotype in pre-eclampsia......Page 48
  Placental lipid peroxidation......Page 49
  Transition metals in lipid peroxidation......Page 51
  Reperfusion......Page 52
  Innate maternal reducing systems......Page 54
  Vascular endothelium and oxidative stress......Page 55
  Inefficient second wave of trophoblastic invasion......Page 56
  Production of vascular endothelial growth factors......Page 57
  Nitric oxide and endothelial cells......Page 58
  Extracellular reducing systems......Page 59
   Policeman-to-riot model to understand uric acid......Page 60
  Limitations of reducing systems......Page 61
  Exercise and prevention of pre-eclampsia......Page 62
  The beauty of lysophosphotidyl choline......Page 63
  References......Page 64
  Metabolic syndrome and hypertension......Page 68
   Basal metabolic rate......Page 69
   Lipids......Page 70
  References......Page 71
  Basis for reviewing the role of genetics in pre-eclampsia......Page 74
  Challenges to the genetic studies in pre-eclampsia......Page 75
  Foetal contributions: Any?......Page 76
  Immunology and genetics......Page 77
  References......Page 78
PART 3: PREDICtION......Page 80
  Assessing the quality of tests in prediction of pre-eclampsia......Page 82
   Mid-trimester blood pressure......Page 83
   Microalbuminuria......Page 84
    Platelets and platelet activation......Page 85
    Uric acid......Page 86
  Epidemiological indices in pre-eclampsia prediction......Page 87
   Review of indices......Page 88
   What is diastolic notch?......Page 89
   Practical problem with using colour Doppler and biomarker in combination......Page 90
   Notch Depth Index......Page 91
   Doppler indices for the discontinuation of preventive measures......Page 92
  The future: Nanoparticles including exosomes......Page 93
  References......Page 94
PART 4: PREVENTION......Page 98
  What is the difference between disease and derangement?......Page 100
  Diuretics......Page 102
  Calcium supplementation......Page 103
  Possible mechanism of action of aspirin......Page 104
  What dose of aspirin: 75 mg or 150 mg?......Page 105
  References......Page 106
PART 5: SYSTEMIC MANIFESTATIONS......Page 110
  Pathological lesions in pre-eclampsia......Page 112
  References......Page 113
  How does the heart increase its cardiac output?......Page 116
  Oscillatory pressure and propulsive pressure......Page 117
  Changes in venous system......Page 118
  References......Page 119
  Alteration in other cellular components of blood......Page 120
  Platelets in normal and pre-eclamptic pregnancies......Page 121
  Platelet activation and thromboxane A2 production......Page 122
  References......Page 123
  Pathological changes in the liver......Page 126
  References......Page 127
  The peripheral pathogenesis of ophthalmic changes in pre-eclampsia......Page 130
  References......Page 131
  Vulnerability of renal system......Page 134
  Special features of renal failure complicating pre-eclampsia......Page 135
  On microscopy......Page 136
  Renal function alterations in pre-eclampsia......Page 138
  Renin-angiotensin system in pre-eclampsia......Page 139
  References......Page 140
PART 6: CLINICAL FEATURES OF PRE-ECLAMPSIA......Page 142
  Classification......Page 144
  Proteinuria......Page 145
  References......Page 146
PART 7: TREATMENT OF PRE-ECLAMPSIA......Page 148
  Early diagnosis and alert surveillance......Page 150
  Management on hospitalization......Page 151
    Challenges before treating pre-eclampsia with antihypertensives......Page 152
    Mono therapy versus multi-drug therapy......Page 153
   Induction of labour in PIH......Page 154
    Induction of labour in pregnancy for foetal reasons......Page 155
  Case study in CPR......Page 156
   Analysis of the case study......Page 160
   Trachleodynamics in the induction of labour......Page 161
    Dose......Page 162
  Caesarean section in PIH......Page 163
   Coagulation failure......Page 164
  References......Page 165
Index......Page 168