Practising Italian grammar : a workbook

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Introduction
1 Spelling and pronunciation
	1.1 Removal of final unstressed vowel
	1.2 Punctuation
	1.3 Hyphens and syllabification
	1.4 Capital letters
2 Nouns and adjectives
	2.1 General principles of plural formation
	2.2 Nouns in masculine singular -o and feminine plural -a, double plurals
	2.3 Irregularities in the plural root
	2.4 The plural of compound nouns
	2.5 Number mismatches between English and Italian
	2.6 The gender of nouns
	2.7 The gender of compound and other nouns
	2.8 Meaning differences associated with gender
	2.9 Ways of expressing ‘male’ and ‘female’
	2.10 Gender and adjectives
	2.11 The position of adjectives
	2.12 The form and position of adjectives
	2.13 The present participle
3 The articles
	3.1 The definite article
	3.2 The indefinite article
	3.3 Use of the definite article
	3.4 Special use of the definite and the indefinite article
4 Demonstratives
	4.1 Forms of questo and quello
	4.2 The demonstratives questo and quello as pronouns
	4.3 Other demonstratives: costui, così, tale, qui, lì, qua, là
	4.4 Demonstratives of identity: stesso, uguale
5 Personal pronouns
	5.1 Subject pronouns
	5.2 Forms of the clitic pronouns
	5.3 Order of combinations of clitics
	5.4 Using ecco, loro, lo; idioms with la
	5.5 Using ci
	5.6 The functions of ne
	5.7 Revision: forms and position of clitic pronouns
	5.8 The pronoun si as part of intransitive verbs
	5.9 Use of si as reciprocal pronoun
	5.10 Indefinite personal si
	5.11 Passive si
	5.12 Indefinite personal construction with reflexive or reciprocal verbs
	5.13 Use of si in compound tenses
	5.14 Use of si
6 Relative structures
	6.1 Use of che
	6.2 Che v. cui
	6.3 Special uses of cui
	6.4 Use of il quale
	6.5 Using il che
	6.6 Using cui as possessive
	6.7 Using relative pronouns
	6.8 Special uses of quale, quello che, ciò che, cosa che and quanto
	6.9 Chi v. che
	6.10 Using chiunque, qualunque/qualsiasi cosa in relative constructions
7 Interrogative structures
	7.1 Chi? and che cosa?
	7.2 Come? and perché?
	7.3 Quale? and quanto?
	7.4 Quale? and che/che cosa?
	7.5 Dove? and quanto?
	7.6 Reinforcement of question words; using niente and nessuno in questions
	7.7 Structure of interrogative sentences
8 Indefinite, quantifier and negative pronouns and adjectives
	8.1 Uno v. quello
	8.2 Some indefinite pronouns and adjectives
	8.3 Other indefinites
	8.4 Using chiunque, qualunque/qualsiasi in indefinite constructions
	8.5 Negative pronouns and adjectives
	8.6 Using ogni, ciascuno, ognuno, l’uno
	8.7 Using negatives
9 Possessives and related constructions
	9.1 Differences in usage between English and Italian
	9.2 Forms of the possessives
	9.3 Possessive adjective + nouns denoting close relatives
	9.4 Mia v. la mia
	9.5 Ne v. suo/loro
	9.6 Proprio and altrui
	9.7 Further differences in usage between English and Italian
10 Prepositions
	10.1 Structure and syntax of prepositions: a(d), di, etc.; davanti a, verso di, etc.
	10.2 ‘Stranding’ of prepositions
	10.3 The multivalent preposition di
	10.4 The prepositions of location
	10.5 Uses of the preposition da
	10.6 Motion ‘to’
	10.7 Motion ‘through’
	10.8 Motion ‘from’
	10.9 The prepositions a and per
	10.10 Prepositions of exclusion and ‘concessive’ prepositions
	10.11 Time prepositions
	10.12 Use of prepositions
11 Numerals
	11.1 The cardinal numbers
	11.2 General properties of cardinal numbers
	11.3 ‘Both’, ‘all three’, ‘another three’, etc.
	11.4 Ordinal numbers
	11.5 Collective and approximative numbers
	11.6 Multiplicatives, percentages and distributives
	11.7 Mathematical expressions
12 Adverbs and adverbial constructions
	12.1 Adverbs in -mente
	12.2 Adverbs identical to adjectives
	12.3 Other forms of adverbs
	12.4 Other ways of forming adverbial expressions
	12.5 The position of adverbs
	12.6 Adjective, pronoun, or adverb?
	12.7 Phrasal verbs with adverbs of place
	12.8 Time adverbs
	12.9 Position and function of negative adverbs
13 Forms of the verb
	13.1 Conjugations: regular verbs
	13.2 Conjugations: major irregular verbs
	13.3 Other irregular verbs
	13.4 ‘Mixed’ conjugation verbs: compiere and verbs in -fare
	13.5 Imperatives
	13.6 Agreement of the verb with its subject
	13.7 Which auxiliary: avere or essere?
	13.8 Agreement of the past participle
	13.9 Causative structures
	13.10 The passive
14 Uses of the verb forms
	14.1 Future and future perfect: forms and uses
	14.2 The future-in-the past and the (past) conditional
	14.3 The present and imperfect tenses as expressions of future time
	14.4 Present and imperfect tenses after da
	14.5 The use of trapassato prossimo and trapassato remoto
	14.6 Imperfect v. passato remoto and passato prossimo
	14.7 The passato remoto v. the passato prossimo
	14.8 Revision: uses of the past tenses
	14.9 The ‘progressive’
	14.10 Meaning and syntax of the gerund
	14.11 ‘Clausal’ use of the past participle
	14.12 The infinitive as noun
	14.13 Infinitive, gerund, or participle?
	14.14 Translating the ‘-ing’ form
	14.15 The subjunctive as ‘notion’
	14.16 The subjunctive after conjunctions
	14.17 The subjunctive in relative clauses
	14.18 The subjunctive with impersonal expressions
	14.19 Indirect questions
	14.20 Equivalents of ‘will’, ‘would’, ‘shall’, ‘should’, ‘must’, ‘ought to’, etc.
	14.21 Equivalents of ‘can’, ‘could’, ‘may’, ‘might’
15 Comparative, superlative and related constructions
	15.1 Forming the comparative and superlative of adjectives and adverbs
	15.2 Special forms of comparatives and superlatives
	15.3 ‘Than’ in comparatives
	15.4 The ‘elative’ ending -issimo
	15.5 Comparisons of equality
	15.6 Special comparative and superlative expressions
16 Aspects of sentence structure
	16.1 Basic organization of declarative sentences
	16.2 Left-marked word order
	16.3 Cleft sentences
	16.4 Right-marked word order
	16.5 Subordinate clauses: using che and/or the infinitive
	16.6 Adjectives as subordinate clauses
	16.7 Adjective + preposition + infinitive
	16.8 Other uses of the infinitive in subordinate clauses
	16.9 Conditional sentences
17 Negative constructions
	17.1 Negation with non
	17.2 Using no, meno and mica
	17.3 The type Nessuno viene v. Non viene nessuno
	17.4 Non … più and other negative adverbs
18 Conjunctions and discourse markers
	18.1 Co-ordinating conjunctions
	18.2 Declarative and conclusive conjunctions
	18.3 Causal and conclusive conjunctions
	18.4 Conditional and concessive conjunctions
	18.5 Time conjunctions
	18.6 Discourse markers and interjections
19 Word derivation
	19.1 Compounds and conversion
	19.2 Prefixes and suffixes
	19.3 Evaluative suffixes
20 Time expressions
	20.1 Telling the time
	20.2 Days, months, seasons, etc.
	20.3 Expressions of frequency and time adjectives
21 Forms of address
	21.1 Forms and syntax of pronouns and verb forms used in addressing someone
	21.2 Uses of the address forms tu, Lei, voi, Ella, La Signoria Vostra, etc.
	21.3 Salutations, titles and address forms: Ciao, bello! v. Buonasera, signore
Key to the exercises
Index