Practical handbook of spatial statistics

Cover......Page 1
Title Page......Page 2
Copyright Page......Page 3
Foreword The Importance of Spatial Position......Page 4
Preface......Page 7
Affiliations of Editors and Authors......Page 8
Acknowledgments......Page 11
Table of Contents......Page 12
 Components of Geographic Information and Analysis......Page 18
 Background: The Importance of Locational Information......Page 20
 Background: Statistical Estimator Properties......Page 22
 Organization of the Book......Page 24
 References......Page 30
 Editorial Note......Page 34
 The Spatial Mean and Other Basic Concepts......Page 35
 Spatial Autocorrelation......Page 41
 Map Complexity......Page 45
 Summary: Rules of Thumb for Spatial Autocorrelation......Page 46
 References......Page 47
 Introduction......Page 48
 Spatial Universes and Populations......Page 50
 Sampling Fundamentals......Page 54
 Sampling a Continuous Universe......Page 58
  Point Sampling of a Continuous Population......Page 62
  Areal Sampling of a Continuous Universe......Page 64
    Traditional Areal Sampling......Page 65
    A Rigorous Equal-Probability Areal Sample......Page 67
   Support......Page 69
 Sampling Spatially Distributed Objects Via Areal Samples of the Continuous Universe......Page 70
 Inference in Spatial Sampling......Page 71
 Empirical Evaluation of Sampling Strategies......Page 75
 Summary......Page 77
 References......Page 79
 Introduction......Page 82
 Background......Page 83
 Evaluation Criteria......Page 84
  Mean Response Estimation......Page 85
  Variance Estimation......Page 92
  Spatial Autoregressive Parameter ρ Estimation......Page 94
 Rules-of-Thumb Implications......Page 96
 References......Page 98
 Spatial Dependency of Spatial Data Analysis......Page 100
 Source of the MAUP: Spatial Dependence and the Averaging Process......Page 102
 General Impacts of the MAUP on Spatial Data......Page 106
  The Data Manipulation Approach......Page 111
  A Technique-Oriented Approach......Page 114
  An Error Modeling Approach......Page 117
  Using Data from the Finest Scale......Page 119
  Reporting \'Error’ from Aggregation......Page 120
 Conclusions......Page 121
 References......Page 122
 A Brief Introduction to Parallel Processing......Page 124
 Software Models for Parallel Processing......Page 126
  Analysis of Spatial Autocorrelation......Page 128
  Estimating Spatial Autoregressive Models......Page 135
 Performance......Page 142
  Analysis of Spatial Autocorrelation......Page 146
  Estimating Spatial Autoregressive Models......Page 147
 Summary......Page 148
 References......Page 151
 Appendix I: Test Statistics for Spatial Autocorrelation Coefficients......Page 153
 Appendix II: Source Code......Page 156
 Introduction......Page 166
 Study Area......Page 168
 Database Description......Page 169
  GIS Database......Page 170
  Population and Agricultural Census Data......Page 171
 GIS Data Management......Page 172
 Traditional Regression Analysis......Page 177
 Mapping Residuals......Page 181
 Spatial Statistical Model......Page 183
 Conclusions......Page 186
 References......Page 188
 Introduction......Page 192
 Preliminary Considerations of the Spatial Statistical Application......Page 194
 The Dataset and the Model Specification......Page 195
  Fertility Rate......Page 200
  General Living Standard......Page 201
  Economic Structure......Page 202
  State Population Policies......Page 206
 A Classical Linear Regression Model of Explicit Variables......Page 207
 In Search of a Spatial Pattern......Page 217
 Interpretation and Conclusions......Page 224
 References......Page 226
 Appendix I: Description of Data Set......Page 229
 Appendix II: Maps......Page 230
 Appendix III: Scatter-Plots......Page 239
  The Rudimentary Population Density Model......Page 248
  Spatial Autocorrelation and Population Density Models......Page 249
  The Toronto Metropolitan Area......Page 251
  The Ottawa-Hull Metropolitan Area......Page 253
  The Syracuse Metropolitan Area......Page 254
 Preliminaries for Estimating the Autoregressive Model......Page 256
  The Toronto Metropolitan Area......Page 257
  The Syracuse Metropolitan Area......Page 258
 The Estimated Population Density Models......Page 259
 Implementation Findings......Page 263
 References......Page 265
Chapter 10: Spatial Statistics for Analysis of Variance of Agronomic Field Trials......Page 268
 The Example Data Set......Page 269
 Goals of the Case Study......Page 270
 The Autoregressive Response Model......Page 271
 Calculating the Moran Coefficient......Page 272
 Calculating the Necessary Eigenvalues......Page 276
 Estimating the Jacobian Term......Page 281
 Estimating an Autoregressive Response Model......Page 285
 Comparison of AR-based ANOVA and Conventional ANOVA......Page 291
 Conclusions......Page 293
 Acknowledgments......Page 294
 References......Page 295
References, by Chapter......Page 296
References, Alphabetically......Page 310
Spatial Index, by Chapter......Page 322