Power system small signal stability analysis and control

Cover
Power System
Small Signal
Stability Analysis
and Control
Copyright
Dedication
Author Biography
Acknowledgments
Preface to the First Edition
Preface to the Second Edition
1
Concepts of Small-Signal Stability
	Introduction
	Swing equation
	Nature of oscillations
	Modes of oscillations and its study procedure
	Synchronizing torque and damping torque
	Small-signal oscillations in a synchronous generator connected to an infinite bus
	An illustration
		Solution
	Exercises
	References
2
Fundamental Models of Synchronous Machine
	Introduction
	Synchronous machine dynamic model in the a-b-c reference frame
	Park's transformation and dynamic model in the d-q-o reference frame
	Per unit (PU) representation and scaling [2]
	Physical significance of PU system
	Stator flux-current relationships
	Rotor dynamic equations
	Reduced order model
	Equivalent circuit of the stator algebraic equations
	Synchronous machine exciter
		IEEE Type I exciter
			Self-excited dc circuit
			Amplifiers
			Stabilizer circuit
		Static exciter
	References
3
Models of Power Network and Relevant Power Equipments
	Introduction
	Simple model of a synchronous generator
	Steady-State Modeling of Synchronous Machine (Analytical Aspects) [1]
	Governor model [2]
	Turbine model [2]
	Power network model
	Modeling of load
	Power system stabilizer
	Model of FACTS devices
		Static Var compensator
		Static synchronous compensator
		Thyristor-controlled series compensator
		Static synchronous series compensator
		Unified power flow controller
	References
4
Small-Signal Stability Analysis in SMIB Power System
	Introduction
	Heffron-Philips model of SMIB power system
		Fundamental equations
		Linearization process and state-space model
		Derivation of K constants: K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, and K6
	Small-Signal stability analysis using state-space model and block diagram
	An illustration
		Outline placeholder
			Solution
	Effect of Generator Field
		Outline placeholder
			Solution
	Effect of excitation system
		Effect of excitation system in torque-angle loop
		Calculation of steady-state synchronizing and damping torque
		Synchronizing and damping torque at rotor oscillation frequency
	An illustration
		Outline placeholder
			Solution
	References
5
Small-Signal Stability Analysis in Multimachine System
	Introduction
	Multimachine small-Signal model
		Two-axis model of multimachine system
		Linearization process and multimachine state-space model
		Reduced-order flux-decay model
	Computation of initial conditions of the state variables
		An illustration
	Identification of electromechanical swing modes
		Participation factor analysis
			Solution
		Swing mode and participation ratio
	An illustration: A test case
	References
6
Mitigation of Small-Signal Stability Problem Employing Power System Stabilizer
	Introduction
	The application of PSS in an SMIB system
		Combined model of SMIB system with PSS [10]
		Results and discussion
	Multimachine Small-Signal stability improvement
		Multimachine model with PSS
		An illustration-computation of eigenvalues and swing modes
	Development of a location selection indicator of PSS
		Participation factor
		Sensitivity of PSS effect
		Optimum PSS location index
		An illustration
		Implication of PSS gain in SPE and OPLI characteristics
	Effect of load
		Effect of type of load
		Effect of load on critical swing mode
		Effect on PSS location indicators
	References
7
Application of FACTS Controller
	Introduction
	FACTS technology [6]
		Series compensation
		Shunt compensation
	Application of SVC in small-signal stability improvement
		Model of SMIB system with SVC
		An illustration: Simulation result
	Application of a TCSC controller in an SMIB system
		Model of an SMIB system with a TCSC controller [7]
		An illustration: Eigenvalue computation and performance analysis
	Multimachine application of SVC
		Multimachine model with SVC
		An illustration
	Application of TCSC in a multimachine power system
		Multimachine model with TCSC
		An illustration: Study of small-signal stability
	Voltage source converter-based FACTS device (STATCOM)
		SMIB system with the STATCOM controller
		An illustration
		Multimachine model with STATCOM
		Small-signal performance analysis
	Application of TCSC in a longitudinal power system
		Description of the test system and base case study
		Impact of TCSC in the face of power system disturbances
		Small-signal stability rank
	References
8
Optimal and Robust Control
	Introduction
	Genetic algorithm-Based optimization
		Overview of GA
		Parameter optimization applying GA
		An illustration: GA-based TCSC controller
	Particle swarm optimization
		Overview of PSO
		Optimal placement and parameter setting of SVC and TCSC using PSO
		Performance Study of PSO-based SVC and TCSC
	Implication of SVC and TCSC controllers on critical loading
	Comparison between PSO- and GA-based Designs
	H optimal control
		Background
		Algorithms for H control theory
		Mixed-sensitivity-based H controller: An LMI approach
		Design of an H TCSC controller
		Performance of the closed-loop H control
		H Controller through PSO
	Multiarea Closed-Loop control
	References
9
Impact of Distributed Energy Resources
	Introduction
	Fundamentals of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs)
		Solar photovoltaic (PV) system
		Wind energy system
		Hydropower
		Geothermal energy
		Energy from fuel cells
		Biomass energy
	Power System Stability Analysis With Distribution Energy Resources (DERs)
		Typical grid-connected system with DERs
		System modeling for assessment of small signal stability
		Study the impact of DERs in small signal stability
	Exercise
	References
Nomenclature
APPENDIX A.
undamental Concepts
	Generalized Concept of Stability-Brief Review
		Local Stability
		Finite Stability
		Global Stability
	Aspect of Linearization
		Linearization of a Nonlinear Function
		Linearization of a Dynamic System
	System Matrix and its Eigen Properties
		Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors
		Effect of Right and Left Eigenvectors on System States
	What are Semi-definite Programming (SDP) Problems?
		What is a linear matrix inequality?
		Interior-Point method
	Guidelines for selection of weighting functions W1(s) and W2(s) in H control theory
APPENDIX B.
Data Used for Relevant Power System Components
	SMIB System
		SVC and TCSC parameters for SMIB system
	WSCC Type 3 Machine, 9 Bus System
		PSS and SVC parameters of 3-machine 9-bus system
		TCSC parameters of 3-machine 9-bus system
	Two-Area System
		IEEE type 14-bus test system
		SVC and TCSC for 14-bus system
	14-Area, 24-Machine, 203-Bus System
		PSS and TCSC for 203-bus system
APPENDIX C.
MATLAB Simulation Program
	Program for Illustration in Article 5.5
	Program for Illustration in Article 7.5.2
	Program for Illustration in Article 7.6.2
Index
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