Population and Development Issues

Covere
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Title Page
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Contents
Introduction: Population in the Development Paradigm
1 The Precursors: The Mercantilists, Malthus, Marx
	1.1. Theories and doctrines
	1.2. Mercantilism, the population doctrine and policy of royal power
		1.2.1. Mercantilism and the modern state
		1.2.2. A populationist doctrine
		1.2.3. The inevitable historical decline of mercantilism
	1.3. Malthus, the theorist of demo-economic growth
		1.3.1. The consequences of demographic dynamics: poverty or increased agricultural production?
		1.3.2. Demo-economic growth, industrialization and well-being
		1.3.3. The political instrumentalization of demography in the past and in our days
	1.4. Marx yesterday and today
		1.4.1. Precarious labor in the agricultural sector
		1.4.2. The relevance of Marx
	1.5. Conclusion
	1.6. References
2 Education, Population and Development
	2.1. Introduction
	2.2. Education statistics and demography
		2.2.1. Enrollment in primary education
		2.2.2. Enrollment in secondary education
		2.2.3. Higher education, still a luxury despite its expansion
		2.2.4. Girls, the major beneficiaries of educational progress over the last decades
		2.2.5. Education and demography in Asia
	2.3. Education, population and development
		2.3.1. Education and long-term economic growth
		2.3.2. Education and social development
		2.3.3. Education and politics
		2.3.4. Education and conflict: a complex relationship
		2.3.5. Education and urbanization
	2.4. Conclusion: education and demography
	2.5. References
3 Employment and the Informal Economy
	3.1. Introduction
	3.2. The concept of informal economy and its assessment methods
		3.2.1. The evolution of concepts
		3.2.2. The evolution of measurements
		3.2.3. The extent of employment in the informal economy worldwide
	3.3. Long-term employment trends in the informal economy in Northern Africa
		3.3.1. A wide variety of approaches
		3.3.2. The current situation
	3.4. Conclusion: which transition policies from the informal to the formal economy?
	3.5. References
4 Gender Inequalities
	4.1. Current theories and debates
	4.2. Health and reproductive rights at the heart of demography: economic investment and anthropological breakthroughs
		4.2.1. Global data
		4.2.2. Infant and maternal health
		4.2.3. HIV-AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases
		4.2.4. The emergence of new challenges related to the epidemiological transition
		4.2.5. Gender stereotypes and patriarchy
		4.2.6. Anthropological discrimination
		4.2.7. Economic discrimination
		4.2.8. Public health policies
	4.3. Gender determinants at the heart of educational supply and demand in Africa
		4.3.1. Primary education
		4.3.2. Secondary education
		4.3.3. University education
		4.3.4. Anthropological obstacles
		4.3.5. Institutional, economic and social obstacles
	4.4. Conclusion
	4.5. References
5 Sex Selection: Public Policies to Balance the Scales?
	5.1. Introduction
	5.2. Prevalence and evolution of SRB trends
		5.2.1. Sex imbalances at birth across the world
		5.2.2. Determinants of sex imbalances at birth
	5.3. Public policies against gender-biased sex selection
		5.3.1. Policy evolution: from denial to recognition, to global action
		5.3.2. Policy typology
		5.3.3. Policy impact: evidence and knowledge gaps
	5.4. Case study: impact of policy on the SRB in Armenia and Vietnam
		5.4.1. Armenia
		5.4.2. Vietnam
	5.5. Discussion and conclusion
	5.6. References
6 Poverty and Inequalities
	6.1. Measuring and analyzing poverty and inequalities
		6.1.1. Defining poverty
		6.1.2. Measuring poverty
	6.2. The evolution of poverty
		6.2.1. Means of subsistence around 2015
		6.2.2. The evolution of extreme poverty in the world
		6.2.3. Health and poverty
	6.3. Poverty in Niger
		6.3.1. The sociodemographic characteristics of households
		6.3.2. Poverty and the labor market
		6.3.3. Food insecurity in 2011
	6.4. Conclusion: toward a new poverty indicator?
	6.5. References
7. Mental Health: An Underestimated Development Issue
	7.1. Introduction
	7.2. Inclusion of mental health in overall health
		7.2.1. Genealogy of an international mobilization
		7.2.2. The global morbidity burden
		7.2.3. Lack of mobilization and investment in mental health
		7.2.4. The costs of mental disorders
		7.2.5. Mental health in the demographic and epidemiological transitions
	7.3. Senegal, an emblematic case of the situation in African countries
		7.3.1. Colonial heritage: the Fann school
		7.3.2. The care supply: insufficient and unevenly distributed
		7.3.3. Therapeutic pathways and adherence to treatment
	7.4. Conclusion: a fight that still has to be waged
	7.5. References
8 Migration Remittances and Development
	8.1. Introduction
	8.2. Volume and trends in remittance movements
		8.2.1. The global level
		8.2.2. The regional level and the national level
	8.3. The consequences for households: poverty, health, education
		8.3.1. Poverty reduction
		8.3.2. Poverty reduction
		8.3.3. Consumption expenditure or investment? A false dilemma
		8.3.4. Health and education
	8.4. Conclusion: remittances, a development policy instrument
	8.5. References
9 Climate Change and Demography
	9.1. Introduction
	9.2. Climate change as analyzed by the IPCC
		9.2.1. The IPCC approach
		9.2.2. Summary of the main results of IPCC reports
		9.2.3. The geography of climate change impact
		9.2.4. Scenarios for the future
	9.3. The impacts of climate change on demographic factors
		9.3.1. Fertility and its inevitable inertia
		9.3.2. Climate-related mortality and morbidity
		9.3.3. Environmental migrations: a problem to be solved or a solution to be explored?
	9.4. Trapped populations
	9.5. Conclusion
	9.6. References
10 Population Policies
	10.1. Introduction
	10.2. Population policies: processes and mechanisms
		10.2.1. Goals and values
		10.2.2. Demographic data and variables amenable to interventions
		10.2.3. Policy levers and instruments
		10.2.4. Population policy process
		10.2.5. Policy actors and stakeholders
		10.2.6. Policies, priorities and methods
		10.2.7. Funding and monitoring and evaluation
	10.3. Population policies: empirical evidence
		10.3.1. Asia: China, Indonesia and Iran
		10.3.2. Sub-Saharan Africa
		10.3.3. More developed countries
	10.4. Conclusion
	10.5. References
Conclusion: Is Population Really the Problem?
List of Authors
Index