Polymer carbon nanotube composites : the polymer latex concept

2.1 General Introduction......Page 27
2.2 Incorporation of CNTs into a Polymer Matrix:A Challenge......Page 30
2.3 Ultrasound......Page 31
2.4 CNT Purification......Page 32
2.5.1 Direct Mixing......Page 33
2.5.2 Modification of CNTs or of the Polymer......Page 36
2.5.3 Use of a Third Component......Page 44
3.1 Introduction......Page 63
3.2 Characterization of the Bundling of CNT Aqueous Dispersions in General; Monitoring of the Debundling Process in Particular: A Short Overview of Suitable Characterization Techniques......Page 67
3.2.1 Raman Spectroscopy......Page 68
3.2.2 Microscopic Techniques......Page 69
3.2.4 UV-Vis Spectroscopy......Page 73
3.3.1 Study of the Damage Induced on the CNTs by the Sonication Process......Page 80
3.3.2 Determination of the Optimum Surfactant Concentration — Determination of theSurface Coverage of Individualized CNTs......Page 84
3.3.3 Determination of the Optimum CNT Concentration......Page 93
3.4 Food for Thought: A Critical Study of the Effect Purification of SWCNTs......Page 97
3.5 Centrifugation of Aqueous Surfactant-CNT Dispersions......Page 101
3.5.1 Shift of Composition of Centrifuged Surfactant-CNT Dispersions......Page 102
3.5.2 Issue Concerning the Calculation of CNT Concentration in Aqueous Surfactant-CNT Dispersions......Page 104
3.5.3 Sorting CNT by Diameter and Electronic Structure by Combination of Preferential Surfactant Stabilization and Ultracentrifugation......Page 105
3.6 Conclusions......Page 108
4.1 Segregated Networks and Dynamic Percolation......Page 120
4.2.1 Molecular Weight Distributions......Page 124
4.2.2 Processing Conditions......Page 128
4.2.3 Summing Up......Page 134
4.3 Processing Techniques and Percolation Thresholds......Page 136
4.3.1 Composites Prepared with a High-Tg Latex......Page 137
4.3.2 Composites Prepared with a Low-Tg Latex......Page 140
4.4 Conclusions......Page 142
5.1 Introduction......Page 146
5.2 Semi-Crystalline Polypropylene Matrix......Page 147
5.2.1 Morphological and Thermal Analysis of CNT- Induced Nucleation of iPP-g-MA......Page 148
5.2.2 Electrical Properties and Percolation Thresholds......Page 150
5.3 Polymer Blends......Page 161
5.3.1 Miscible PPO/PS Blend as Polymer Matrix......Page 162
5.3.2 Immiscible PS/PMMA Polymer Blend as Polymer Matrix......Page 167
5.4 Conclusions......Page 172
6.2 Eliminating Non-Contact Resistivity......Page 178
6.2.1 CNT/Polymer Composites with Added Conductive Polymers......Page 180
6.2.2 CNT/Polymer Composites with Added Conductive Nanoparticles......Page 202
6.3 General Conclusions......Page 219
7.1 Introduction: Toward Large-Scale Production......Page 226
7.2.1 Pushing the Limits of Conductivity of CNT/Polymer Nanocomposites Prepared by Latex Technology......Page 229
7.2.2 CNT/Polymer Nanocomposites as Replacement Materials?......Page 232
7.3 What’s Next?......Page 236
C......Page 241
E......Page 243
I......Page 244
M......Page 245
P......Page 246
S......Page 248
V......Page 249