Polybius: Experience and the Lessons of History

Contents
Preface
Abbreviations
Historiography of Rome and Its Empire Series
Introduction
Chapter 1 History and Experience in Polybius
	1 Introduction
	2 Empeiria and Learning from History
	3 Polybius and the Purpose of “Pragmatic” History
	4 The Value of Experience in Polybius
	5 The Value of History in Polybius
	6 Three Approaches to Knowledge: Experience, History, and Scientific Study
	7 Methodikē empeiria
	8 Experience and the Historian
	9 Conclusion
Chapter 2 Hannibal, Practical Experience, and the Model Historian
	1 Introduction
	2 Hannibal as a New, Young Commander
	3 Hannibal’s Monument
	4 Hannibal’s Research for the Invasion of Italy
	5 Crossing the Alps and the Historian
	6 Hannibal vs. Rome
	7 Interpreting the Past at Cannae
	8 Hannibal’s Advice to Tarentum
	9 Hannibal and the Mutability of Fortune
	10 Hannibal and Scipio Africanus
	11 Conclusion
Chapter 3 Learning from History
	1 Introduction
	2 Mankind’s Failure to Learn from History
	3 Philip V and the Failure to Learn from History
	4 Philip V and the Failure to Teach through History
	5 Scipio Africanus and Learning from the Past
	6 History vs. Experience
	7 Conclusion
Chapter 4 Experience and History in the Roman Constitution
	1 Introduction
	2 Reason and Practical Experience in the anakyklosis
	3 Practical Experience and the Mixed Constitution
	4 The Aristocratic Funeral
	5 The Aristocratic Funeral and History
	6 The Example of Horatius Cocles
	7 Conclusion
Chapter 5 Roman Innovation in Polybius’ Narrative
	1 Introduction
	2 Roman Innovations in the First Punic War
	3 Roman Innovations in Contrast to Their Adversaries
	4 Learning from Experience in the Second Punic War
	5 The Value of One Exceptional Individual
	6 Conclusion
Chapter 6 Exemplary Roman History
	1 Introduction
	2 Aemilius Paullus and the Lessons of Pydna
	3 Scipio Aemilianus and the Exemplary Past
	4 Scipio Aemilianus as Example for Contemporaries
	5 Scipio Aemilianus as Historical Example
	6 Conclusion
Conclusion
Bibliography
Index locorum
General Index