Politics and populism across modes and media

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Contents
Introduction: Politics, populism, media
	1 Populist performers and performances
	2 People and populism in the media
	3 Modes and media effects
	4 Concluding remarks
	References
Section 1 Politicians across Modes and Media
	Trumpian tweets and populist politics: A corpus-assisted discourse analytical study
		1 Introduction
		2 Political communication via social media and Twitter
		3 The tweeting of Donald Trump
		4 Analytical framework: The discourse of illusion
		5 Data collection
		6 Analysis and discussion
			6.1 Crooked Hillary
			6.2 Fake news
			6.3 Drain the swamp
		7 Conclusion
		References
	Populism and the digital media: A necessarily symbiotic relationship? Insights from the case of Syriza
		1 Introduction
		2 Digital politics in comparative perspective
			2.1 The digital media
			2.2 Populism
		3 The case of Syriza
			3.1 Syriza’s historical trajectory and organisational dynamics
			3.2 The populist Syriza
			3.3 Visual analysis
			3.4 Syriza in opposition (2012–2015)
			3.5 Syriza in Government (2015–2019)
		4 Conclusions
		References
	Achieving results for the American people. A corpus-assisted CDA of the White House website under Trump’s presidency
		1 Introduction
			1.1 What is populism?
			1.2 The White House website
		2 Aims and purposes
		3 Data and methods
		4 Analysis
			4.1 The in-group
			4.2 The out-group
			4.3 Corrective actions
			4.4 Comparing Trump’s and Obama’s White House websites
		5 Conclusions
		References
	Talking about populists in Twitter: Politicians’ linguistic behaviour in comments about populists in Germany and Austria
		1 Introduction
		2 Methodology
		3 The AfD in German parties’ Twitter accounts
			3.1 Comments in the CDU’s Twitter account
			3.2 Comments in the SPD’s Twitter account
			3.3 Comparison between CDU and SPD in Germany
		4 The FPÖ in Austrian parties’ Twitter accounts
			4.1 Comments in the SPÖ’s Twitter account
			4.2 Comments in Die Grünen’s Twitter account
			4.3 Comparison between the SPÖ and Die Grünen
		5 Conclusion
		References
	#AmericaFirst vs #primagliitaliani: A Corpus-Assisted CDA of Trump’s and Salvini’s Twitter communications
		1 Introduction
			1.1 Populism and digital communication
			1.2 Trump’s and Salvini’s populism
				1.2.1 Trump’s and Salvini’s social media practices
		2 Aims and purposes
		3 Data and methods
		4 Analysis
			4.1 The discursive construction of the in-group
			4.2 Hashtags
			4.3 @Mentions
			4.4 Intensification devices
		5 Conclusions
		References
	The populist contagion. The influence of populist discourses on the political communication of traditional parties in Romania.
		1 Introduction
		2 Populism. Conceptual delimitations
		3 Populism in Central and Eastern Europe
		4 Romanian populism. Post-communist incidences of populism and populist discourse
			4.1 The first post-communist years
			4.2 The first populist post-European-integration wave
			4.3 The second populist post-European-integration wave
		5 The web 2.0 era
			5.1 New technologies: between the democratization of the political sphere and the exacerbation of populism
			5.2 The 2014 presidential elections and the appearance of populism 2.0
				5.2.1 The mobilization of the diaspora and its influence in Romania
				5.2.2 The uniqueness of the moment: “Now or never” as the central theme of online communication
				5.2.3 The two Romanias and the discursive construction of an online community as an electoral strategy
		6 Conclusion
		References
	Populism and popularity in Imran Khan’s 2018 election speeches
		1 Introduction
			1.1 Populism in West and East
			1.2 Populism in Pakistani politics
			1.3 Pakistan’s general election in 2018
		2 Methodology
			2.1 Analytical approach
			2.2 Materials
			2.3 Procedure
		3 Results
			3.1 Personal verb forms in Imran Khan’s speech
				3.1.1 Personal form: We
				3.1.2 Personal form: I
				3.1.3 Personal forms: I and we
				3.1.4 Personal forms: I and you
				3.1.5 Possessive: My
				3.1.6 Possessive: Your
				3.1.7 Personal forms: We, they and them
			3.2 Imran Khan’s keywords: Building a new political agenda
		4 Conclusions
		References
Section 2 People, Politics and Politicians across Modes and Media
	The discursive construction of Trump’s charisma on Twitter and Reddit
		1 Introduction
		2 Trump’s charisma and social media
			2.1 Social media and charisma
			2.2 Twitter and Reddit
		3 Data and method
		4 Trump’s charismatic performance
			4.1 Individual authority across genres
			4.2 Cultural authentication
				4.2.1 Tweeting charisma
		5 The charismatic community on r/The_Donald
			5.1 Indexing membership on r/The_DonaldCorpus
			5.2 Ingroup and outgroup
			5.3 r/The_Donald bots
		6 Discussion and conclusions
		References
	“You are not one of us!”: Online responses to the premier’s populist discourse in Jordan
		1 Introduction
		2 Background
		3 Data and methodology
			3.1 Challenging the premier’s populism
			3.2 Mocking the premier’s populism
		4 Conclusion
		References
	“Happy to be insulted”: Offensive language in online discussions of UK radical politics
		1 Introduction
		2 Theoretical framework
			2.1 Insults
			2.2 Media effects
		3 Empirical study: Insults in online comments forums
			3.1 Corpus and methodology
			3.2 Results and discussion
				3.2.1 Asserting identities through antagonism
					3.2.1.1 Political slurs
					3.2.1.2 Ideologically charged insults
					3.2.1.3 Personal insults
					3.2.1.4 Combining the personal and the political
				3.2.2 Self and in-group affirmation
					3.2.2.1 Affirming self and group identity
					3.2.2.2 Building in-group solidarity
					3.2.2.3 Drawing on other allegiances for group bonding
				3.2.3 Combined effects
		4 Concluding remarks: media effects and political polarisation
		Acknowledgements
		References
	Politicizing collective identities: Online news commentaries in the Arab Spring
		1 Introduction
			1.1 Online news commentaries as a tool for politicizing collective identities
			1.2 Research questions and methods of analysis
			1.3 A brief note on the article and the data
		2 The psychological predictors of the emergence of the posters’ PCI and its discursive manifestations
			2.1 The posters’ display of their PCI: Uniting as an Arab nation
			2.2 Creating connective structures through the consensualization process
			2.3 Evidence of the consensualization and debate process
			2.4 Expressions of shared grievances and emotional reactions to unjust political and social conditions
		3 Conclusion and suggestions for future research
		References
	Social networks and the construction of political culture: Where are we looking from?
		1 Introduction
		2 The case of Puerto Rico
		3 Two currents of statehood: populist statehood and neoliberalist statehood
		4 Twitter and the Puerto Rican political culture
		5 Conclusions
		References
Notes on Contributors