Plato and Parmenides: Parmenides' Way of truth and Plato's Parmenides Translated with an Introduction and a Running Comment

PLATO AND PARMENIDES......Page 1
TABLE OF CONTENTS (interactive)......Page 14
Preface......Page 6
List of Abbreviations......Page 12
I. The Earliest Pythagorean Cosmogony......Page 22
II. Parmenides\' Way of Truth......Page 49
Frags. 2 ; 3 ; 6, ll. 1-3. The Way of Truth and the Way of Not-being......Page 51
Frags. 6, ll. 4-9 ; 7. Warning against the Way of Seeming......Page 53
Premisses of the Way of Truth......Page 54
Frag. 8, 1- 6. Enunciation......Page 56
6-21. No coming-to-be or perishing......Page 57
22-25. What is, being one and homogeneous, is indivisible......Page 60
26-42. What is cannot move or change......Page 63
The Way of Seeming......Page 65
Frag. 8, 50-61. Transition to the Way of Seeming......Page 66
III. Zeno and Pythagorean Atomism......Page 74
126A-127A. The Introductory Narrative......Page 84
127A-D. Antiphon repeats Pythodorus\' account of the meeting......Page 86
127D-128E. The contents and character of Zeno\'s treatise......Page 87
128E-130A. Socrates offers the theory of separate Forms as explaining how one thing can have two contrary characters......Page 90
1) What classes of things have Forms ?......Page 102
130E-131E. (2) Objections to Participation, (a) A thing cannot contain either the Form as a whole or a part of it......Page 105
131E-132B. (b) The Third Man......Page 108
132B-C. These objections cannot be met by making the Form a thought in a mind......Page 111
132C-133A. Can the objections be met by making the Forms patterns of which there are likenesses in things ?......Page 113
133A-134E. (3) Will not the separate Forms be unknowable by us?......Page 116
134E-135C. The Forms are admitted to be necessary for all thought and discourse......Page 120
135C-136E. Transition to the second part. Parmenides\' programme for an exercise in dialectic......Page 123
136E-137C. Parmenides offers to demonstrate the consequences of supposing that there is, or is not, a One......Page 129
Principles of Interpretation......Page 130
137C-D. If the One is defined as absolutely one, it is in no sense many or a whole of parts......Page 136
137D-138A. The One (being without parts) has no extension or shape......Page 139
138A-B. The One (being without parts or extension) is nowhere, neither in itself nor in another......Page 140
138B-139B. The One (not being a physical body in space) is neither in motion nor at rest......Page 141
139B-E. The One (lacking the above qualifications) is not the same as, or different from, itself or another......Page 144
139E-140B. The One is not like, or unlike, itself or another......Page 145
140B-D. The One is not equal, or unequal, to itself or to another......Page 146
140E-141D. The One cannot be, or become, older or younger than, or of the same age as, itself or another, or be in time at all......Page 148
141D-142A. Since it is not in time, the One in no sense \'is\', and it cannot even be named or in any way known......Page 150
The Neoplatonic interpretation......Page 152
Hypothesis II......Page 156
142B-C. If the One has being, it is One Entity, with both unity and being......Page 157
142D-145A. A One Entity (having parts) is indefinitely numerous and also limited......Page 158
145A-B. A One Entity (being limited) can have extension and shape......Page 166
145B-E. A One Entity (being an extended magnitude) can be both in itself and in another......Page 168
145E-146A. A One Entity (being a physical body in space) can have motion and rest......Page 171
146A-147B. A One Entity (as above qualified) is the same as, and different from itself and the Others......Page 175
147C-148D. A One Entity (as above qualified) is like and unlike itself and the Others......Page 185
148D-149D. A One Entity (as above qualified) has, and has not, contact with itself and with the Others......Page 188
149D-151B. A One Entity ( as continuous quantity or magnitude) is equal and unequal both to itself and to the Others......Page 192
151B-E. A One Entity (as discrete quantity or number) is equal and unequal both to itself and to the Others......Page 203
151E-155C. A One Entity (as above qualified) exists in Time, and is and is becoming, and is not and is not becoming, older and younger than itself and the Others......Page 205
155C-E. A One Entity (being in Time) has existence and becomes. It can be the object of cognition and the subject of discourse......Page 213
155E-156B. A One Entity (being in Time) comes into existence and ceases to exist, is combined and separated, becomes like and unlike, and increases and diminishes......Page 215
156C-157B. The transition in becoming and change is instantaneous......Page 220
Hypothesis III......Page 225
157B-158B. If the One is defined as One Entity which is both one and many or a whole of parts (as in Hyp. II), the Others, as a plurality of other ones, form one whole, of which each part is one......Page 226
158B-C. When the element of unity is abstracted from any one whole or one part, what remains is an element of unlimited multitude......Page 229
158C-D. The combination of the unlimited element with limit or unity yields the plurality of other ones......Page 231
158E-159B. The Others, so defined, have all the contrary characters proved to belong to the One Entity of Hyp. II......Page 232
159B-D. If the One (unity) is defined as entirely separate from the Others and absolutely one (as in Hyp. I), the Others can have no unity as wholes or parts and cannot be a definite plurality of other ones......Page 234
159D-160B. The Others, having no unity, cannot possess any of the contrary characters......Page 236
Hypothesis V......Page 238
160B-D. If \' a One is not\' means that there is a One Entity that does not exist, this Non-existent Entity can be known and distinguished from other things......Page 240
160D-161A. A Non-existent Entity, being knowable and distinguishable from other things, can have many characters......Page 242
161A-C. A Non-existent Entity has unlikeness to the Others and likeness to itself......Page 243
161c-e. A Non-existent Entity (being a quantity) has inequality to the Others, and has greatness and smallness and equality......Page 245
161E-162B. A Non-existent Entity has being in a certain sense......Page 246
162B-163B. A Non-existent Entity can pass from the state of non-existence to the state of existence, but cannot change or move in any other way......Page 248
163B-C. If \' the One is not\' means that the One has no sort of being, the One will be a Nonentity......Page 252
163D-E. A Nonentity cannot begin or cease to exist or change in any way......Page 253
164A-B. A Nonentity cannot be specified as distinct from other things, or stand in any relation to them, or exist at any time, or be the object of any cognition or the subject of discourse......Page 254
Hypothesis VII......Page 255
164C-D. The Others will differ from each other as masses unlimited in multitude......Page 257
164D-E. Such masses will present an appearance of unity and number......Page 258
165A-C. There will be an appearance of limitedness and of unlimitedness......Page 259
165C-E. There will be an appearance of likeness and of unlikeness and of all the other contraries......Page 260
Hypothesis VIII......Page 262
165E-166C The Others cannot even appear one or many, or as having any character. There is nothing that has any being whatsoever......Page 263
166c. Ostensible Conclusion of all the Hypotheses......Page 265
Index......Page 268