Platelets in Cardiovascular Disease

Contents......Page 8
Contributors......Page 12
Preface......Page 16
Peripheral zone......Page 18
Sol-gel zone......Page 19
Platelet: Functional Anatomy......Page 20
Platelet adhesion......Page 21
Platelet activation......Page 22
COAT platelets......Page 24
Platelet secretion......Page 26
Mechanisms of action......Page 28
Platelet aggregation......Page 29
Cell-based model of coagulation......Page 30
Platelet-leukoctye interactions......Page 31
Platelet-derived mediators......Page 33
Neutrophil-derived mediators......Page 34
Platelet-leukocyte adhesion......Page 35
Inflammation and Thrombosis......Page 37
References......Page 40
Biosynthesis and Function of Thromboxane A2......Page 54
Aspirin......Page 55
Aspirin’s Mechanism of Action......Page 56
Aspirin in Acute Coronary Syndromes......Page 58
Aspirin in Primary Prevention......Page 59
Aspirin Pharmacodynamics and Dosing......Page 62
Aspirin Resistance......Page 63
Adverse Effects of Aspirin......Page 65
NO-Aspirin......Page 66
Thromboxane Synthase Antagonist......Page 67
Thromboxane Receptor Antagonist......Page 69
Dual Thromboxane Synthase/Receptor Antagonist (Modulators)......Page 70
References......Page 71
Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa in platelet physiology......Page 82
Heterogeneity in clinical trial data......Page 84
Abciximab......Page 86
Abciximab in ST segment elevation myocardial infarction......Page 89
Small Molecule GP IIb/IIIa Inhibitors......Page 90
Oral GP IIb/IIIa Inhibitors......Page 93
New Trials of GP IIb/IIIa Inhibitors......Page 94
Summary/Conclusions......Page 95
Summary Box......Page 96
References......Page 97
Adenosine Diphosphate Receptor......Page 104
Ticlopidine......Page 105
Cerebrovascular disease......Page 107
Percutaneous coronary intervention......Page 108
Peripheral arterial disease......Page 110
Clopidogrel — General Considerations......Page 112
Clopidogrel in Atherothrombotic Disease......Page 115
Clopidogrel in Cerebrovascular Disease......Page 117
Percutaneous coronary intervention......Page 118
Unstable angina/non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction......Page 119
Considerations with Percutaneous Coronary Intervention......Page 126
Novel Oral ADP Receptor Antagonists......Page 129
Intravenous ADP Receptor Antagonists......Page 131
Future Directions......Page 132
References......Page 133
History of Platelet Function Testing and Overview of Currently Available Tests......Page 142
Monitoring Antiplatelet Therapy......Page 153
Monitoring aspirin......Page 154
Monitoring clopidogrel......Page 158
Monitoring GPIIb-IIIa antagonists......Page 162
References......Page 163
Introduction......Page 176
Platelet Surface Receptor Polymorphisms......Page 177
GP Ia-IIa......Page 180
GP IIbIIIa......Page 181
Glycoprotein Ib-V-IX......Page 182
Platelet ADP receptors......Page 183
Platelet Surface Receptor Polymorphisms and Pharmacogenomics......Page 184
Aspirin......Page 185
P2Y12 inhibitors......Page 186
Novel Methods for Platelet Genomic Analysis......Page 187
Platelet Proteomics......Page 188
Methods of proteomic analysis......Page 189
Identification of platelet proteins using proteomics......Page 190
Platelet Transcription......Page 193
Microarray analysis......Page 195
SAGE analysis......Page 196
Platelet Transcriptome......Page 197
Conclusion......Page 200
References......Page 201
Arterial Thrombosis, Platelets, Cardiovascular Disease, and Antiplatelet Therapies......Page 214
Drug Development......Page 216
Antiplatelet Drug Development......Page 219
Developing antiplatelet therapies for use in patients with STEMI......Page 226
Developing antiplatelet therapies for use in patients with chronic coronary artery disease......Page 227
References......Page 228
Index......Page 234