Pivotal response treatment for autism spectrum disorders

Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Table of Contents
About the Downloads
About the Authors
About the Contributors
For the Reader
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Section I: Overview: Pivotal Response Treatment in Context
Chapter 1. The History and Basic Components of Pivotal Response Treatment
Chapter Goals
History: Applied Behavior Analysis and Children With ASD
The Role of Motivation in Learning
Learned Helplessness, Motivation, and Children With ASD
Motivational Components of PRT
The Overall Motivational Package
Key Insights: Components of PRT
Summary
Study Questions
References
Chapter 2. Assessment, Feedback, and Treatment Planning
Chapter Goals
Challenges Facing Parents of Children Diagnosed With ASD
Testing Individuals With ASD: The Limits of Standardized Testing
Getting a More Complete Picture: Behavioral Assessments
The Value of Strength-Based Assessment
Assessment Leading to Treatment Goals
Putting It all Together: Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Key Insights: Working With Parents During Assessment, Diagnosis, and Early Intervention
Summary
Study Questions
References
Chapter 3. Ecocultural Theory and Cultural Diversity
Chapter Goals
Tenets of Ecocultural Theory
Cultural Considerations and Sensitivity
Embedding Cultural Beliefs and Values Into Treatment
Matching Culturally Competent Service Providers With Families
Key Insights: Addressing Cultural and Linguistic Diversity
Summary
Study Questions
References
Section II: Beginning Stages: Early Intervention
Chapter 4. Intervention for Infants and Young Toddlers
Chapter Goals
Guidelines for Early Diagnosis
Intervention With Infants and Toddlers
Key Insights: Working Effectively With Infants, Toddlers, and Their Families
Summary
Study Questions
References
Chapter 5. Teaching First Words
Chapter Goals
Understanding Early Language Development
Early Communication and First Words in Children With ASD
Interventions to Elicit First Words: A Brief History
Using PRT to Elicit First Words: Specific Components
Research Support for Including Motivational Components
Creating Ample Opportunities for Verbal Communication
Working With Nonresponsive Children
Using PRT With Infants
Key Insights: Working to Produce a Child’s First Words
Summary
Study Questions
References
Chapter 6. Expanding Friendship Opportunities for Children With ASD
Chapter Goals
Background: Potential Benefits of Intervention
Assessing a Child’s Social Opportunities
Field-Tested Strategies for Expanding Friendship Opportunities During Play Dates
Beyond Play Dates: Expanding Friendship Opportunities Across Settings
Key Insights: Expanding Friendship Opportunities
Summary
Study Questions
References
Section III: Childhood: Treatment Options at Home and at School
Chapter 7. Parent Education in Pivotal Response Treatment
Chapter Goals
The Importance of Parent Education
Fidelity of Implementation of PRT
Models of Parent Education
Key Insights: Helping Parents Effectively Teach Their Children With ASD
Summary
Study Questions
References
Chapter 8. Inclusive Education
Chapter Goals
Making Education a Top Priority for Children With ASD
Inclusion of Children With ASD
Revisiting the Debate Over Full Inclusion
Key Insights: Providing Inclusive Education for Children With ASD
Summary
Study Questions
References
Chapter 9. Motivational Academics
Chapter Goals
Background: The Relationship Between Behavior and Academics
Incorporating Motivational Variables to Improve Academic Engagement and Behavior
Parent Involvement
Key Insights: Improving Academics and Behavior Through Motivational Strategies
Summary
Study Questions
References
Section IV: Adolescence and Young Adulthood: Moving Toward Independence
Chapter 10. Functional Behavior Assessment and Self-Management
Chapter Goals
The History of Behavioral Interventions
Self-Management as a Behavioral Intervention
How to Develop a Self-Management Program
Key Insights: Using Positive Behavioral Interventions and Fostering Independence
Summary
Study Questions
References
Chapter 11. Improving Communication Skills in Adolescents and Adults With ASD
Chapter Goals
Visual Frameworks
Video Modeling in PRT
Instruction in Empathy
Question Asking and Question Banks
Self-Management
Key Insights: Improving Young Adults’ Communication Skills
Summary
Study Questions
References
Chapter 12. Improving Socialization in Adolescents and Adults With ASD
Chapter Goals
The Impact of Social Difficulties
Interventions for Improving Socialization
Foundational Studies Using Restricted and Preferred Interests to Improve Socialization
Developing Interest-Based Social Opportunities for Adolescents and Young Adults
Training Paraprofessionals to Implement Social Programs
Structured Social Planning: Improving Opportunities for Adults
Key Insights: Targeting Socialization
Summary
Study Questions
References
Section V: Adulthood: Higher Education and Employment
Chapter 13. Improving Outcomes in Higher Education for Adults With ASD
Chapter Goals
Supporting Individuals With ASD in Higher Education
Common Challenges
Methods for Addressing Challenges
Key Insights: Helping College Students With ASD Succeed
Summary
Study Questions
References
Chapter 14. Supporting Individuals With ASD in Employment Settings
Chapter Goals
Barriers to Employment
Vocational Rehabilitation and Related Programs
Behavioral Interventions That Support Employment
Integrating Strengths Into the Workplace
Supported Employment
Key Insights: Fostering Successful Employment
Summary
Study Questions
References
Index