Physics: principles with applications

Cover......Page 1
Title Page......Page 2
Copyright Page......Page 3
Contents......Page 4
Applications List......Page 11
Preface......Page 14
To Students......Page 19
Use of Color......Page 20
1 INTRODUCTION, MEASUREMENT, ESTIMATING......Page 22
1 – 1 The Nature of Science......Page 23
1 – 2 Physics and its Relation to Other Fields......Page 25
1 – 4 Measurement and Uncertainty; Significant Figures......Page 26
1 – 5 Units, Standards, and the SI System......Page 29
1 – 6 Converting Units......Page 32
1 – 7 Order of Magnitude: Rapid Estimating......Page 34
*1 – 8 Dimensions and Dimensional Analysis......Page 37
MisConceptual Questions......Page 38
Problems......Page 39
Search and Learn......Page 41
2 DESCRIBING MOTION: KINEMATICS IN ONE DIMENSION......Page 42
2 – 1 Reference Frames and Displacement......Page 43
2 – 2 Average Velocity......Page 44
2 – 3 Instantaneous Velocity......Page 46
2 – 4 Acceleration......Page 47
2 – 5 Motion at Constant Acceleration......Page 49
2 – 6 Solving Problems......Page 51
2 – 7 Freely Falling Objects......Page 54
2 – 8 Graphical Analysis of Linear Motion......Page 60
Questions......Page 62
MisConceptual Questions......Page 63
Problems......Page 64
Search and Learn......Page 69
3 KINEMATICS IN TWO DIMENSIONS; VECTORS......Page 70
3 – 2 Addition of Vectors—Graphical Methods......Page 71
3 – 3 Subtraction of Vectors, and Multiplication of a Vector by a Scalar......Page 73
3 – 4 Adding Vectors by Components......Page 74
3 – 5 Projectile Motion......Page 79
3 – 6 Solving Projectile Motion Problems......Page 81
*3 – 7 Projectile Motion Is Parabolic......Page 85
3 – 8 Relative Velocity......Page 86
MisConceptual Questions......Page 88
Problems......Page 89
Search and Learn......Page 95
4 DYNAMICS: NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION......Page 96
4 – 2 Newton’s First Law of Motion......Page 97
4 – 4 Newton’s Second Law of Motion......Page 99
4 – 5 Newton’s Third Law of Motion......Page 102
4 – 6 Weight—the Force of Gravity; and the Normal Force......Page 105
4 – 7 Solving Problems with Newton’s Laws: Free-Body Diagrams......Page 108
4 – 8 Problems Involving Friction, Inclines......Page 114
Questions......Page 119
MisConceptual Questions......Page 120
Problems......Page 122
Search and Learn......Page 129
5 CIRCULAR MOTION; GRAVITATION......Page 130
5 – 1 Kinematics of Uniform Circular Motion......Page 131
5 – 2 Dynamics of Uniform Circular Motion......Page 133
5 – 3 Highway Curves: Banked and Unbanked......Page 136
*5 – 4 Nonuniform Circular Motion......Page 139
5 – 5 Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation......Page 140
5 – 6 Gravity Near the Earth’s Surface......Page 142
5 – 7 Satellites and “Weightlessness”......Page 143
5 – 8 Planets, Kepler’s Laws, and Newton’s Synthesis......Page 146
5–10 Types of Forces in Nature......Page 150
Questions......Page 151
MisConceptual Questions......Page 152
Problems......Page 153
Search and Learn......Page 158
6 WORK AND ENERGY......Page 159
6 – 1 Work Done by a Constant Force......Page 160
6 – 3 Kinetic Energy, and the Work-Energy Principle......Page 163
6 – 4 Potential Energy......Page 166
6 – 5 Conservative and Nonconservative Forces......Page 170
6 – 6 Mechanical Energy and Its Conservation......Page 171
6 – 7 Problem Solving Using Conservation of Mechanical Energy......Page 172
6 – 8 Other Forms of Energy and Energy Transformations; The Law of Conservation of Energy......Page 176
6 – 9 Energy Conservation with Dissipative Forces: Solving Problems......Page 177
6–10 Power......Page 180
Questions......Page 182
MisConceptual Questions......Page 184
Problems......Page 185
Search and Learn......Page 190
7 LINEAR MOMENTUM......Page 191
7 – 1 Momentum and Its Relation to Force......Page 192
7 – 2 Conservation of Momentum......Page 194
7 – 3 Collisions and Impulse......Page 197
7 – 4 Conservation of Energy and Momentum in Collisions......Page 198
7 – 5 Elastic Collisions in One Dimension......Page 199
7 – 6 Inelastic Collisions......Page 201
*7 – 7 Collisions in Two Dimensions......Page 203
7 – 8 Center of Mass (CM)......Page 205
*7 – 9 CM for the Human Body......Page 207
*7–10 CM and Translational Motion......Page 208
Questions......Page 211
MisConceptual Questions......Page 212
Problems......Page 213
Search and Learn......Page 218
8 ROTATIONAL MOTION......Page 219
8 – 1 Angular Quantities......Page 220
8 – 2 Constant Angular Acceleration......Page 224
8 – 3 Rolling Motion (Without Slipping)......Page 225
8 – 4 Torque......Page 227
8 – 5 Rotational Dynamics; Torque and Rotational Inertia......Page 229
8 – 6 Solving Problems in Rotational Dynamics......Page 231
8 – 7 Rotational Kinetic Energy......Page 233
8 – 8 Angular Momentum and Its Conservation......Page 236
*8 – 9 Vector Nature of Angular Quantities......Page 238
Questions......Page 241
MisConceptual Questions......Page 242
Problems......Page 243
Search and Learn......Page 250
9 STATIC EQUILIBRIUM; ELASTICITY AND FRACTURE......Page 251
9 – 1 The Conditions for Equilibrium......Page 252
9 – 2 Solving Statics Problems......Page 254
9 – 3 Applications to Muscles and Joints......Page 259
9 – 4 Stability and Balance......Page 261
9 – 5 Elasticity; Stress and Strain......Page 262
9 – 6 Fracture......Page 266
*9 – 7 Spanning a Space: Arches and Domes......Page 267
Questions......Page 271
MisConceptual Questions......Page 272
Problems......Page 273
Search and Learn......Page 280
10 FLUIDS......Page 281
10–2 Density and Specific Gravity......Page 282
10–3 Pressure in Fluids......Page 283
10–4 Atmospheric Pressure and Gauge Pressure......Page 285
10–5 Pascal’s Principle......Page 286
10–6 Measurement of Pressure; Gauges and the Barometer......Page 287
10–7 Buoyancy and Archimedes’ Principle......Page 289
10–8 Fluids in Motion; Flow Rate and the Equation of Continuity......Page 293
10–9 Bernoulli’s Equation......Page 295
10–10 Applications of Bernoulli’s Principle: Torricelli, Airplanes, Baseballs, Blood Flow......Page 297
*10–12 Flow in Tubes: Poiseuille’s Equation, Blood Flow......Page 300
*10–13 Surface Tension and Capillarity......Page 301
*10–14 Pumps, and the Heart......Page 303
Questions......Page 304
MisConceptual Questions......Page 305
Problems......Page 306
Search and Learn......Page 312
11 OSCILLATIONS AND WAVES......Page 313
11–1 Simple Harmonic Motion—Spring Oscillations......Page 314
11–2 Energy in Simple Harmonic Motion......Page 316
11–3 The Period and Sinusoidal Nature of SHM......Page 319
11–4 The Simple Pendulum......Page 322
11–5 Damped Harmonic Motion......Page 324
11–6 Forced Oscillations; Resonance......Page 325
11–7 Wave Motion......Page 326
11–8 Types of Waves and Their Speeds: Transverse and Longitudinal......Page 328
11–9 Energy Transported by Waves......Page 331
11–10 Reflection and Transmission of Waves......Page 333
11–11 Interference; Principle of Superposition......Page 334
11–12 Standing Waves; Resonance......Page 336
*11–13 Refraction......Page 338
*11–14 Diffraction......Page 339
*11–15 Mathematical Representation of a Traveling Wave......Page 340
Questions......Page 341
MisConceptual Questions......Page 342
Problems......Page 343
Search and Learn......Page 348
12 SOUND......Page 349
12–1 Characteristics of Sound......Page 350
12–2 Intensity of Sound: Decibels......Page 352
*12–3 The Ear and Its Response; Loudness......Page 355
12–4 Sources of Sound: Vibrating Strings and Air Columns......Page 356
*12–5 Quality of Sound, and Noise; Superposition......Page 361
12–6 Interference of Sound Waves; Beats......Page 362
12–7 Doppler Effect......Page 365
*12–8 Shock Waves and the Sonic Boom......Page 369
*12–9 Applications: Sonar, Ultrasound, and Medical Imaging......Page 370
Questions......Page 373
MisConceptual Questions......Page 374
Problems......Page 375
Search and Learn......Page 379
13–1 Atomic Theory of Matter......Page 380
13–2 Temperature and Thermometers......Page 382
13–3 Thermal Equilibrium and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics......Page 384
13–4 Thermal Expansion......Page 385
13–5 The Gas Laws and Absolute Temperature......Page 388
13–6 The Ideal Gas Law......Page 390
13–7 Problem Solving with the Ideal Gas Law......Page 391
13–8 Ideal Gas Law in Terms of Molecules: Avogadro’s Number......Page 393
13–9 Kinetic Theory and the Molecular Interpretation of Temperature......Page 394
13–10 Distribution of Molecular Speeds......Page 397
13–11 Real Gases and Changes of Phase......Page 398
13–12 Vapor Pressure and Humidity......Page 400
*13–13 Diffusion......Page 402
MisConceptual Questions......Page 405
Problems......Page 406
Search and Learn......Page 410
14 HEAT......Page 411
14–1 Heat as Energy Transfer......Page 412
14–2 Internal Energy......Page 413
14–3 Specific Heat......Page 414
14–4 Calorimetry—Solving Problems......Page 415
14–5 Latent Heat......Page 418
14–6 Heat Transfer: Conduction......Page 421
14–7 Heat Transfer: Convection......Page 423
14–8 Heat Transfer: Radiation......Page 424
Questions......Page 427
MisConceptual Questions......Page 428
Problems......Page 429
Search and Learn......Page 432
15 THE LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS......Page 433
15–1 The First Law of Thermodynamics......Page 434
15–2 Thermodynamic Processes and the First Law......Page 435
*15–3 Human Metabolism and the First Law......Page 439
15–4 The Second Law of Thermodynamics—Introduction......Page 440
15–5 Heat Engines......Page 441
15–6 Refrigerators, Air Conditioners, and Heat Pumps......Page 446
15–7 Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics......Page 449
15–8 Order to Disorder......Page 451
15–9 Unavailability of Energy; Heat Death......Page 452
*15–10 Statistical Interpretation of Entropy and the Second Law......Page 453
*15–11 Thermal Pollution, Global Warming, and Energy Resources......Page 455
MisConceptual Questions......Page 458
Problems......Page 459
Search and Learn......Page 463
16 ELECTRIC CHARGE AND ELECTRIC FIELD......Page 464
16–1 Static Electricity; Electric Charge and Its Conservation......Page 465
16–3 Insulators and Conductors......Page 466
16–4 Induced Charge; the Electroscope......Page 467
16–5 Coulomb’s Law......Page 468
16–6 Solving Problems Involving Coulomb’s Law and Vectors......Page 471
16–7 The Electric Field......Page 474
16–8 Electric Field Lines......Page 478
16–9 Electric Fields and Conductors......Page 480
*16–10 Electric Forces in Molecular Biology: DNA Structure and Replication......Page 481
*16–11 Photocopy Machines and Computer Printers Use Electrostatics......Page 483
*16–12 Gauss’s Law......Page 484
Questions......Page 488
MisConceptual Questions......Page 489
Problems......Page 490
Search and Learn......Page 493
17 ELECTRIC POTENTIAL......Page 494
17–1 Electric Potential Energy and Potential Difference......Page 495
17–2 Relation between Electric Potential and Electric Field......Page 498
17–4 The Electron Volt, a Unit of Energy......Page 499
17–5 Electric Potential Due to Point Charges......Page 500
17–7 Capacitance......Page 503
17–8 Dielectrics......Page 506
17–9 Storage of Electric Energy......Page 507
17–10 Digital; Binary Numbers; Signal Voltage......Page 509
*17–11 TV and Computer Monitors: CRTs, Flat Screens......Page 511
*17–12 Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)......Page 514
Questions......Page 515
MisConceptual Questions......Page 516
Problems......Page 517
Search and Learn......Page 521
18 ELECTRIC CURRENTS......Page 522
18–1 The Electric Battery......Page 523
18–2 Electric Current......Page 525
18–3 Ohm’s Law: Resistance and Resistors......Page 526
18–4 Resistivity......Page 529
18–5 Electric Power......Page 531
18–6 Power in Household Circuits......Page 533
18–7 Alternating Current......Page 535
*18–8 Microscopic View of Electric Current......Page 537
*18–10 Electrical Conduction in the Human Nervous System......Page 538
MisConceptual Questions......Page 541
Problems......Page 542
Search and Learn......Page 546
19 DC CIRCUITS......Page 547
19–1 EMF and Terminal Voltage......Page 548
19–2 Resistors in Series and in Parallel......Page 549
19–3 Kirchhoff’s Rules......Page 553
19–4 EMFs in Series and in Parallel; Charging a Battery......Page 557
19–5 Circuits Containing Capacitors in Series and in Parallel......Page 559
19–6 RC Circuits—Resistor and Capacitor in Series......Page 560
19–7 Electric Hazards......Page 564
19–8 Ammeters and Voltmeters—Measurement Affects the Quantity Being Measured......Page 567
Questions......Page 570
MisConceptual Questions......Page 571
Problems......Page 573
Search and Learn......Page 580
20–1 Magnets and Magnetic Fields......Page 581
20–2 Electric Currents Produce Magnetic Fields......Page 584
20–3 Force on an Electric Current in a Magnetic Field; Definition of B......Page 585
20–4 Force on an Electric Charge Moving in a Magnetic Field......Page 587
20–5 Magnetic Field Due to a Long Straight Wire......Page 591
20–6 Force between Two Parallel Wires......Page 592
20–7 Solenoids and Electromagnets......Page 593
20–8 Ampère’s Law......Page 594
20–9 Torque on a Current Loop; Magnetic Moment......Page 596
20–10 Applications: Motors, Loudspeakers, Galvanometers......Page 597
*20–11 Mass Spectrometer......Page 599
*20–12 Ferromagnetism: Domains and Hysteresis......Page 600
Questions......Page 602
MisConceptual Questions......Page 603
Problems......Page 604
Search and Learn......Page 610
21 ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION AND FARADAY’S LAW......Page 611
21–1 Induced EMF......Page 612
21–2 Faraday’s Law of Induction; Lenz’s Law......Page 613
21–3 EMF Induced in a Moving Conductor......Page 617
21–5 Electric Generators......Page 618
21–6 Back EMF and Counter Torque; Eddy Currents......Page 620
21–7 Transformers and Transmission of Power......Page 622
*21–8 Information Storage: Magnetic and Semiconductor; Tape, Hard Drive, RAM......Page 625
*21–9 Applications of Induction: Microphone, Seismograph, GFCI......Page 627
*21–10 Inductance......Page 629
*21–12 LR Circuit......Page 631
*21–13 AC Circuits and Reactance......Page 632
*21–14 LRC Series AC Circuit......Page 635
*21–15 Resonance in AC Circuits......Page 637
Questions......Page 638
MisConceptual Questions......Page 639
Problems......Page 641
Search and Learn......Page 645
22 ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES......Page 646
22–1 Changing Electric Fields Produce Magnetic Fields; Maxwell’s Equations......Page 647
22–2 Production of Electromagnetic Waves......Page 648
22–3 Light as an Electromagnetic Wave and the Electromagnetic Spectrum......Page 650
22–4 Measuring the Speed of Light......Page 653
22–5 Energy in EM Waves......Page 654
22–6 Momentum Transfer and Radiation Pressure......Page 656
22–7 Radio and Television;Wireless Communication......Page 657
MisConceptual Questions......Page 661
Problems......Page 662
Search and Learn......Page 664
23 LIGHT: GEOMETRIC OPTICS......Page 665
23–2 Reflection; Image Formation by a Plane Mirror......Page 666
23–3 Formation of Images by Spherical Mirrors......Page 670
23–4 Index of Refraction......Page 677
23–5 Refraction: Snell’s Law......Page 678
23–6 Total Internal Reflection; Fiber Optics......Page 680
23–7 Thin Lenses; Ray Tracing......Page 682
23–8 The Thin Lens Equation......Page 685
*23–9 Combinations of Lenses......Page 689
*23–10 Lensmaker’s Equation......Page 691
Questions......Page 692
MisConceptual Questions......Page 693
Problems......Page 694
Search and Learn......Page 699
24 THE WAVE NATURE OF LIGHT......Page 700
24–1 Waves vs. Particles; Huygens’ Principle and Diffraction......Page 701
*24–2 Huygens’ Principle and the Law of Refraction......Page 702
24–3 Interference—Young’s Double-Slit Experiment......Page 703
24–4 The Visible Spectrum and Dispersion......Page 706
24–5 Diffraction by a Single Slit or Disk......Page 708
24–6 Diffraction Grating......Page 711
24–7 The Spectrometer and Spectroscopy......Page 713
24–8 Interference in Thin Films......Page 714
*24–9 Michelson Interferometer......Page 719
24–10 Polarization......Page 720
*24–11 Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD)......Page 724
*24–12 Scattering of Light by the Atmosphere......Page 725
Questions......Page 726
MisConceptual Questions......Page 727
Problems......Page 728
Search and Learn......Page 733
25–1 Cameras: Film and Digital......Page 734
25–2 The Human Eye; Corrective Lenses......Page 740
25–3 Magnifying Glass......Page 743
25–4 Telescopes......Page 744
25–5 Compound Microscope......Page 747
25–6 Aberrations of Lenses and Mirrors......Page 748
25–7 Limits of Resolution; Circular Apertures......Page 749
25–8 Resolution of Telescopes and Microscopes; the λ  Limit......Page 751
25–9 Resolution of the Human Eye and Useful Magnification......Page 753
25–11 X-Rays and X-Ray Diffraction......Page 754
*25–12 X-Ray Imaging and Computed Tomography (CT Scan)......Page 756
Questions......Page 759
MisConceptual Questions......Page 760
Problems......Page 761
Search and Learn......Page 764
26 THE SPECIAL THEORY OF RELATIVITY......Page 765
26–1 Galilean–Newtonian Relativity......Page 766
26–2 Postulates of the Special Theory of Relativity......Page 769
26–3 Simultaneity......Page 770
26–4 Time Dilation and the Twin Paradox......Page 771
26–5 Length Contraction......Page 777
26–6 Four-Dimensional Space–Time......Page 779
26–7 Relativistic Momentum......Page 780
26–9 E = mc[Sup(2)]; Mass and Energy......Page 781
26–10 Relativistic Addition of Velocities......Page 785
26–11 The Impact of Special Relativity......Page 786
MisConceptual Questions......Page 787
Problems......Page 788
Search and Learn......Page 791
27 EARLY QUANTUM THEORY AND MODELS OF THE ATOM......Page 792
27–1 Discovery and Properties of the Electron......Page 793
27–2 Blackbody Radiation; Planck’s Quantum Hypothesis......Page 795
27–3 Photon Theory of Light and the Photoelectric Effect......Page 796
27–4 Energy, Mass, and Momentum of a Photon......Page 800
*27–5 Compton Effect......Page 801
27–6 Photon Interactions; Pair Production......Page 802
27–8 Wave Nature of Matter......Page 803
27–9 Electron Microscopes......Page 806
27–10 Early Models of the Atom......Page 807
27–11 Atomic Spectra: Key to the Structure of the Atom......Page 808
27–12 The Bohr Model......Page 810
27–13 de Broglie’s Hypothesis Applied to Atoms......Page 816
Questions......Page 818
MisConceptual Questions......Page 819
Problems......Page 820
Search and Learn......Page 823
28 QUANTUM MECHANICS OF ATOMS......Page 824
28–2 The Wave Function and Its Interpretation; the Double-Slit Experiment......Page 825
28–3 The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle......Page 827
28–4 Philosophic Implications; Probability versus Determinism......Page 831
28–5 Quantum-Mechanical View of Atoms......Page 832
28–6 Quantum Mechanics of the Hydrogen Atom; Quantum Numbers......Page 833
28–7 Multielectron Atoms; the Exclusion Principle......Page 836
28–8 The Periodic Table of Elements......Page 837
*28–9 X-Ray Spectra and Atomic Number......Page 838
28–11 Lasers......Page 841
*28–12 Holography......Page 844
MisConceptual Questions......Page 846
Problems......Page 847
Search and Learn......Page 849
*29–1 Bonding in Molecules......Page 850
*29–2 Potential-Energy Diagrams for Molecules......Page 853
*29–3 Weak (van der Waals) Bonds......Page 855
*29–4 Molecular Spectra......Page 858
*29–5 Bonding in Solids......Page 861
*29–6 Free-Electron Theory of Metals; Fermi Energy......Page 862
*29–7 Band Theory of Solids......Page 863
*29–8 Semiconductors and Doping......Page 865
*29–9 Semiconductor Diodes, LEDs, OLEDs......Page 866
*29–10 Transistors: Bipolar and MOSFETs......Page 871
*29–11 Integrated Circuits, 22-nm Technology......Page 872
Questions......Page 873
MisConceptual Questions......Page 874
Problems......Page 875
Search and Learn......Page 877
30 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIOACTIVITY......Page 878
30–1 Structure and Properties of the Nucleus......Page 879
30–2 Binding Energy and Nuclear Forces......Page 881
30–3 Radioactivity......Page 884
30–4 Alpha Decay......Page 885
30–5 Beta Decay......Page 887
30–6 Gamma Decay......Page 889
30–8 Half-Life and Rate of Decay......Page 890
30–9 Calculations Involving Decay Rates and Half-Life......Page 893
30–10 Decay Series......Page 894
30–11 Radioactive Dating......Page 895
*30–12 Stability and Tunneling......Page 897
30–13 Detection of Particles......Page 898
Questions......Page 900
MisConceptual Questions......Page 901
Problems......Page 902
Search and Learn......Page 905
31–1 Nuclear Reactions and the Transmutation of Elements......Page 906
31–2 Nuclear Fission; Nuclear Reactors......Page 910
31–3 Nuclear Fusion......Page 915
31–4 Passage of Radiation Through Matter; Biological Damage......Page 919
31–5 Measurement of Radiation—Dosimetry......Page 920
*31–6 Radiation Therapy......Page 924
*31–7 Tracers in Research and Medicine......Page 925
*31–8 Emission Tomography: PET and SPECT......Page 926
31–9 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)......Page 927
Questions......Page 930
MisConceptual Questions......Page 931
Problems......Page 932
Search and Learn......Page 935
32 ELEMENTARY PARTICLES......Page 936
32–1 High-Energy Particles and Accelerators......Page 937
32–2 Beginnings of Elementary Particle Physics—Particle Exchange......Page 943
32–3 Particles and Antiparticles......Page 945
32–4 Particle Interactions and Conservation Laws......Page 947
32–5 Neutrinos......Page 949
32–6 Particle Classification......Page 951
32–8 Strangeness? Charm? Towards a New Model......Page 953
32–9 Quarks......Page 954
32–10 The Standard Model: QCD and Electroweak Theory......Page 957
32–11 Grand Unified Theories......Page 960
32–12 Strings and Supersymmetry......Page 963
MisConceptual Questions......Page 964
Problems......Page 965
Search and Learn......Page 967
33 ASTROPHYSICS AND COSMOLOGY......Page 968
33–1 Stars and Galaxies......Page 969
33–2 Stellar Evolution: Birth and Death of Stars, Nucleosynthesis......Page 972
33–3 Distance Measurements......Page 978
33–4 General Relativity: Gravity and the Curvature of Space......Page 980
33–5 The Expanding Universe: Redshift and Hubble’s Law......Page 985
33–6 The Big Bang and the Cosmic Microwave Background......Page 988
33–7 The Standard Cosmological Model: Early History of the Universe......Page 991
33–8 Inflation: Explaining Flatness, Uniformity, and Structure......Page 994
33–9 Dark Matter and Dark Energy......Page 996
33–10 Large-Scale Structure of the Universe......Page 998
33–11 Finally . . .......Page 999
MisConceptual Questions......Page 1001
Problems......Page 1002
Search and Learn......Page 1004
A-1 Relationships, Proportionality, and Equations......Page 1005
A-2 Exponents......Page 1006
A-4 Algebra......Page 1007
A-5 The Binomial Expansion......Page 1010
A-6 Plane Geometry......Page 1011
A-7 Trigonometric Functions and Identities......Page 1012
A-8 Logarithms......Page 1014
B: Selected Isotopes......Page 1016
C: Rotating Frames of Reference; Inertial Forces; Coriolis Effect......Page 1020
D: Molar Specific Heats for Gases, and the Equipartition of Energy......Page 1023
E: Galilean and Lorentz Transformations......Page 1026
Answers to Odd-Numbered Problems......Page 1031
A......Page 1047
B......Page 1048
C......Page 1049
D......Page 1051
E......Page 1052
F......Page 1054
G......Page 1055
H......Page 1056
I......Page 1057
L......Page 1058
M......Page 1059
O......Page 1061
P......Page 1062
R......Page 1064
S......Page 1065
T......Page 1068
V......Page 1069
W......Page 1070
Z......Page 1071
Photo Credits......Page 1073