PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS a strategic approach with modern physics

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright
About the Author
Preface to the Instructor
Preface to the Student
Brief Contents
Detailed Contents
Part I: Newton’s Laws
	Overview: Why Things Move
	Chapter 1. Concepts of Motion
		1.1 Motion Diagrams
		1.2 Models and Modeling
		1.3 Position, Time, and Displacement
		1.4 Velocity
		1.5 Linear Acceleration
		1.6 Motion in One Dimension
		1.7 Solving Problems in Physics
		1.8 Units and Significant Figures
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 2. Kinematics in One Dimension
		2.1 Uniform Motion
		2.2 Instantaneous Velocity
		2.3 Finding Position from Velocity
		2.4 Motion with Constant Acceleration
		2.5 Free Fall
		2.6 Motion on an Inclined Plane
		2.7 Advanced Topic: Instantaneous Acceleration
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 3. Vectors and Coordinate Systems
		3.1 Scalars and Vectors
		3.2 Using Vectors
		3.3 Coordinate Systems and Vector Components
		3.4 Unit Vectors and Vector Algebra
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 4. Kinematics in Two Dimensions
		4.1 Motion in Two Dimensions
		4.2 Projectile Motion
		4.3 Relative Motion
		4.4 Uniform Circular Motion
		4.5 Centripetal Acceleration
		4.6 Nonuniform Circular Motion
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 5. Force and Motion
		5.1 Force
		5.2 A Short Catalog of Forces
		5.3 Identifying Forces
		5.4 What Do Forces Do?
		5.5 Newton’s Second Law
		5.6 Newton’s First Law
		5.7 Free-Body Diagrams
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 6. Dynamics I: Motion Along a Line
		6.1 The Equilibrium Model
		6.2 Using Newton’s Second Law
		6.3 Mass, Weight, and Gravity
		6.4 Friction
		6.5 Drag
		6.6 More Examples of Newton’s Second Law
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 7. Newton’s Third Law
		7.1 Interacting Objects
		7.2 Analyzing Interacting Objects
		7.3 Newton’s Third Law
		7.4 Ropes and Pulleys
		7.5 Examples of Interacting-Objects Problems
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 8. Dynamics II: Motion in a Plane
		8.1 Dynamics in Two Dimensions
		8.2 Uniform Circular Motion
		8.3 Circular Orbits
		8.4 Reasoning About Circular Motion
		8.5 Nonuniform Circular Motion
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
		Knowledge Structure: Part 1 Newton’s Laws
Part II: Conservation Laws
	Overview: Why Some Things Don’t Change
	Chapter 9. Work and Kinetic Energy
		9.1 Energy Overview
		9.2 Work and Kinetic Energy for a Single Particle
		9.3 Calculating the Work Done
		9.4 Restoring Forces and the Work Done by a Spring
		9.5 Dissipative Forces and Thermal Energy
		9.6 Power
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 10. Interactions and Potential Energy
		10.1 Potential Energy
		10.2 Gravitational Potential Energy
		10.3 Elastic Potential Energy
		10.4 Conservation of Energy
		10.5 Energy Diagrams
		10.6 Force and Potential Energy
		10.7 Conservative and Nonconservative Forces
		10.8 The Energy Principle Revisited
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 11. Impulse and Momentum
		11.1 Momentum and Impulse
		11.2 Conservation of Momentum
		11.3 Collisions
		11.4 Explosions
		11.5 Momentum in Two Dimensions
		11.6 Advanced Topic: Rocket Propulsion
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
		Knowledge Structure: Part II Conservation Laws
Part III: Applications of Newtonian Mechanics
	Overview: Power Over Our Environment
	Chapter 12. Rotation of a Rigid Body
		12.1 Rotational Motion
		12.2 Rotation About the Center of Mass
		12.3 Rotational Energy
		12.4 Calculating Moment of Inertia
		12.5 Torque
		12.6 Rotational Dynamics
		12.7 Rotation About a Fixed Axis
		12.8 Static Equilibrium
		12.9 Rolling Motion
		12.10 The Vector Description of Rotational Motion
		12.11 Angular Momentum
		12.12 Advanced Topic: Precession of a Gyroscope
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 13. Newton’s Theory of Gravity
		13.1 A Little History
		13.2 Isaac Newton
		13.3 Newton’s Law of Gravity
		13.4 Little g and Big G
		13.5 Gravitational Potential Energy
		13.6 Satellite Orbits and Energies
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 14. Fluids and Elasticity
		14.1 Fluids
		14.2 Pressure
		14.3 Measuring and Using Pressure
		14.4 Buoyancy
		14.5 Fluid Dynamics
		14.6 Motion of a Viscous Fluid
		14.7 Elasticity
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
		Knowledge Structure: Part III Applications of Newtonian Mechanics
Part IV: Oscillations and Waves
	Overview: The Wave Model
	Chapter 15. Oscillations
		15.1 Simple Harmonic Motion
		15.2 SHM and Circular Motion
		15.3 Energy in SHM
		15.4 The Dynamics of SHM
		15.5 Vertical Oscillations
		15.6 The Pendulum
		15.7 Damped Oscillations
		15.8 Driven Oscillations and Resonance
		15.9 Advanced Topic: Coupled Oscillations and Normal Modes
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 16. Traveling Waves
		16.1 An Introduction to Waves
		16.2 One-Dimensional Waves
		16.3 Sinusoidal Waves
		16.4 Advanced Topic: The Wave Equation on a String
		16.5 Sound and Light
		16.6 Advanced Topic: The Wave Equation in a Fluid
		16.7 Waves in Two and Three Dimensions
		16.8 Power, Intensity, and Decibels
		16.9 The Doppler Effect
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 17. Superposition
		17.1 The Principle of Superposition
		17.2 Standing Waves
		17.3 Standing Waves on a String
		17.4 Standing Sound Waves and Musical Acoustics
		17.5 Interference in One Dimension
		17.6 The Mathematics of Interference
		17.7 Interference in Two and Three Dimensions
		17.8 Beats
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
		Knowledge Structure: Part IV Oscillations and Waves
Part V: Thermodynamics
	Overview: It’s All About Energy
	Chapter 18. A Macroscopic Description of Matter
		18.1 Solids, Liquids, and Gases
		18.2 Atoms and Moles
		18.3 Temperature
		18.4 Thermal Expansion
		18.5 Phase Changes
		18.6 Ideal Gases
		18.7 Ideal-Gas Processes
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 19. Work, Heat, and the First Law of Thermodynamics
		19.1 It’s All About Energy
		19.2 Work in Ideal-Gas Processes
		19.3 Heat
		19.4 The First Law of Thermodynamics
		19.5 Thermal Properties of Matter
		19.6 Calorimetry
		19.7 The Specific Heats of Gases
		19.8 Heat-Transfer Mechanisms
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 20. The Micro/Macro Connection
		20.1 Connecting the Microscopic and the Macroscopic
		20.2 Molecular Speeds and Collisions
		20.3 Pressure in a Gas
		20.4 Temperature
		20.5 Thermal Energy and Specific Heat
		20.6 Heat Transfer and Thermal Equilibrium
		20.7 Irreversible Processes and the Second Law of Thermodynamics
		20.8 Microstates, Multiplicity, and Entropy
		20.9 Using Entropy
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 21. Heat Engines and Refrigerators
		21.1 Turning Heat into Work
		21.2 Heat Engines and Refrigerators
		21.3 Ideal-Gas Heat Engines
		21.4 Ideal-Gas Refrigerators
		21.5 The Limits of Efficiency
		21.6 The Carnot Cycle
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
		Knowledge Structure: Part V Thermodynamics
Part VI: Electricity and Magnetism
	Overview: Forces and Fields
	Chapter 22. Electric Charges and Forces
		22.1 The Charge Model
		22.2 Charge
		22.3 Insulators and Conductors
		22.4 Coulomb’s Law
		22.5 The Electric Field
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 23. The Electric Field
		23.1 Electric Field Models
		23.2 The Electric Field of Point Charges
		23.3 The Electric Field of a Continuous Charge Distribution
		23.4 The Electric Fields of Some Common Charge Distributions
		23.5 The Parallel-Plate Capacitor
		23.6 Motion of a Charged Particle in an Electric Field
		23.7 Motion of a Dipole in an Electric Field
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 24. Gauss’s Law
		24.1 Symmetry
		24.2 The Concept of Flux
		24.3 Calculating Electric Flux
		24.4 Gauss’s Law
		24.5 Using Gauss’s Law
		24.6 Conductors in Electrostatic Equilibrium
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 25. The Electric Potential
		25.1 Electric Potential Energy
		25.2 The Potential Energy of Point Charges
		25.3 The Potential Energy of a Dipole
		25.4 The Electric Potential
		25.5 The Electric Potential Inside a Parallel-Plate Capacitor
		25.6 The Electric Potential of a Point Charge
		25.7 The Electric Potential of Many Charges
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 26. Potential and Field
		26.1 Connecting Potential and Field
		26.2 Finding the Electric Field from the Potential
		26.3 A Conductor in Electrostatic Equilibrium
		26.4 Sources of Electric Potential
		26.5 Capacitance and Capacitors
		26.6 The Energy Stored in a Capacitor
		26.7 Dielectrics
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 27. Current and Resistance
		27.1 The Electron Current
		27.2 Creating a Current
		27.3 Current and Current Density
		27.4 Conductivity and Resistivity
		27.5 Resistance and Ohm’s Law
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 28. Fundamentals of Circuits
		28.1 Circuit Elements and Diagrams
		28.2 Kirchhoff’s Laws and the Basic Circuit
		28.3 Energy and Power
		28.4 Series Resistors
		28.5 Real Batteries
		28.6 Parallel Resistors
		28.7 Resistor Circuits
		28.8 Getting Grounded
		28.9 RC Circuits
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 29. The Magnetic Field
		29.1 Magnetism
		29.2 The Discovery of the Magnetic Field
		29.3 The Source of the Magnetic Field: Moving Charges
		29.4 The Magnetic Field of a Current
		29.5 Magnetic Dipoles
		29.6 Ampère’s Law and Solenoids
		29.7 The Magnetic Force on a Moving Charge
		29.8 Magnetic Forces on Current-Carrying Wires
		29.9 Forces and Torques on Current Loops
		29.10 Magnetic Properties of Matter
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 30. Electromagnetic Induction
		30.1 Induced Currents
		30.2 Motional emf
		30.3 Magnetic Flux
		30.4 Lenz’s Law
		30.5 Faraday’s Law
		30.6 Induced Fields
		30.7 Induced Currents: Three Applications
		30.8 Inductors
		30.9 LC Circuits
		30.10 LR Circuits
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 31. Electromagnetic Fields and Waves
		31.1 E or B? It Depends on Your Perspective
		31.2 The Field Laws Thus Far
		31.3 The Displacement Current
		31.4 Maxwell’s Equations
		31.5 Advanced Topic: Electromagnetic Waves
		31.6 Properties of Electromagnetic Waves
		31.7 Polarization
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 32. AC Circuits
		32.1 AC Sources and Phasors
		32.2 Capacitor Circuits
		32.3 RC Filter Circuits
		32.4 Inductor Circuits
		32.5 The Series RLC Circuit
		32.6 Power in AC Circuits
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
		Knowledge Structure: Part VI Electricity and Magnetism
Part VII: Optics
	Overview: The Story of Light
	Chapter 33. Wave Optics
		33.1 Models of Light
		33.2 The Interference of Light
		33.3 The Diffraction Grating
		33.4 Single-Slit Diffraction
		33.5 Advanced Topic: A Closer Look at Diffraction
		33.6 Circular-Aperture Diffraction
		33.7 The Wave Model of Light
		33.8 Interferometers
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 34. Ray Optics
		34.1 The Ray Model of Light
		34.2 Reflection
		34.3 Refraction
		34.4 Image Formation by Refraction at a Plane Surface
		34.5 Thin Lenses: Ray Tracing
		34.6 Thin Lenses: Refraction Theory
		34.7 Image Formation with Spherical Mirrors
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 35. Optical Instruments
		35.1 Lenses in Combination
		35.2 The Camera
		35.3 Vision
		35.4 Optical Systems That Magnify
		35.5 Color and Dispersion
		35.6 The Resolution of Optical Instruments
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
		Knowledge Structure: Part VII Optics
Part VIII: Relativity and Quantum Physics
	Overview: Contemporary Physics
	Chapter 36. Relativity
		36.1 Relativity: What’s It All About?
		36.2 Galilean Relativity
		36.3 Einstein’s Principle of Relativity
		36.4 Events and Measurements
		36.5 The Relativity of Simultaneity
		36.6 Time Dilation
		36.7 Length Contraction
		36.8 The Lorentz Transformations
		36.9 Relativistic Momentum
		36.10 Relativistic Energy
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 37. The Foundations of Modern Physics
		37.1 Matter and Light
		37.2 The Emission and Absorption of Light
		37.3 Cathode Rays and X Rays
		37.4 The Discovery of the Electron
		37.5 The Fundamental Unit of Charge
		37.6 The Discovery of the Nucleus
		37.7 Into the Nucleus
		37.8 Classical Physics at the Limit
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 38. Quantization
		38.1 The Photoelectric Effect
		38.2 Einstein’s Explanation
		38.3 Photons
		38.4 Matter Waves and Energy Quantization
		38.5 Bohr’s Model of Atomic Quantization
		38.6 The Bohr Hydrogen Atom
		38.7 The Hydrogen Spectrum
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 39. Wave Functions and Uncertainty
		39.1 Waves, Particles, and the Double-Slit Experiment
		39.2 Connecting the Wave and Photon Views
		39.3 The Wave Function
		39.4 Normalization
		39.5 Wave Packets
		39.6 The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 40. One-Dimensional Quantum Mechanics
		40.1 The Schrödinger Equation
		40.2 Solving the Schrödinger Equation
		40.3 A Particle in a Rigid Box: Energies and Wave Functions
		40.4 A Particle in a Rigid Box: Interpreting the Solution
		40.5 The Correspondence Principle
		40.6 Finite Potential Wells
		40.7 Wave-Function Shapes
		40.8 The Quantum Harmonic Oscillator
		40.9 More Quantum Models
		40.10 Quantum-Mechanical Tunneling
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 41. Atomic Physics
		41.1 The Hydrogen Atom: Angular Momentum and Energy
		41.2 The Hydrogen Atom: Wave Functions and Probabilities
		41.3 The Electron’s Spin
		41.4 Multielectron Atoms
		41.5 The Periodic Table of the Elements
		41.6 Excited States and Spectra
		41.7 Lifetimes of Excited States
		41.8 Stimulated Emission and Lasers
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
	Chapter 42. Nuclear Physics
		42.1 Nuclear Structure
		42.2 Nuclear Stability
		42.3 The Strong Force
		42.4 The Shell Model
		42.5 Radiation and Radioactivity
		42.6 Nuclear Decay Mechanisms
		42.7 Biological Applications of Nuclear Physics
		Summary
		Questions And Problems
		Knowledge Structure: Part VIII Relativity and Quantum Physics
Appendix A. Mathematics Review
Appendix B. Periodic Table Of Elements
Appendix C. Atomic And Nuclear Data
Answers To Stop To Think Questions And Odd-Numbered Exercises And Problems
Credits
Index
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