Physics for Chemists

Physics for Chemists......Page 4
Copyright page......Page 5
Contents......Page 6
Preface......Page 14
Acknowledgments......Page 16
Recommendations to the Solution of the Physical Problems......Page 18
1.2 Kinematics......Page 20
1.3 Dynamics......Page 35
1.4 Work, Energy and Power......Page 70
1.5 Conservation Laws in Mechanics......Page 86
1.6 Einstein’s Special Relativistic Theory (STR) (Short Review)......Page 109
Problems/Tasks......Page 116
Answers......Page 120
2.1 Definitions......Page 124
2.2 Kinematics of Harmonic Oscillations......Page 125
2.3 Summation of Oscillations......Page 132
2.4 Dynamics of the Harmonic Oscillation......Page 137
2.5 Energy of Harmonic Oscillations......Page 150
2.6 Damped Oscillations......Page 152
2.7 Forced Oscillations......Page 157
2.8 Waves......Page 164
2.9 Summation of Waves......Page 175
Problems/Tasks......Page 184
Answers......Page 185
3.1 Kinetic Theory of Ideal Gases......Page 188
3.2 Distribution of Molecules of an Ideal Gas in a Force Field (Boltzmann Distribution)......Page 197
3.3 Distribution of the Kinetic Parameters of an Ideal Gas' Particles (Maxwell Distribution)......Page 205
3.4 First Law of Thermodynamics......Page 213
3.5 The Second Law of Thermodynamics......Page 224
3.6 A Real Gas Approximation: Van Der Waals Equation......Page 240
3.7 Elements of Physical Kinetic......Page 249
Problems/Tasks......Page 264
Answers......Page 266
4.1 Electrostatic Field......Page 270
4.2 Dielectric Properties of Substances......Page 299
Problems/Tasks......Page 320
Answers......Page 322
5.1 General Characteristics of the Magnetic Field......Page 324
5.2 Magnetic Properties of Chemical Substances......Page 350
5.3 Magnetically Ordered State......Page 363
5.4 Displacement Current: Maxwell's Equations......Page 369
Problems/Tasks......Page 377
Answers......Page 379
6.1 Physics of Electromagnetic Optical Waves......Page 380
6.2 An Interference......Page 388
6.3 Diffraction......Page 396
6.4 Polarization......Page 405
6.5 Dispersion of Light......Page 414
6.6 The Quantum-Optical Phenomena......Page 417
6.7 The Bohr Model of a Hydrogen Atom......Page 435
Problems/Tasks......Page 440
Answers......Page 441
7.1 Particle-Wave Duality......Page 442
7.2 Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle......Page 447
7.3 Wavefunction and the Schrödinger Equation......Page 451
7.4 Most General Problems of a Single-Particle Quantum Mechanics......Page 454
7.5 The Hydrogen Atom......Page 466
7.6 A Many-Electron Atom......Page 487
7.7 An Atom in the Magnetic Field: The Zeeman Effect......Page 496
7.8 A Quantum Oscillator and a Quantum Rotator......Page 499
Problems/Tasks......Page 513
Answers......Page 514
8.1 Selected Atomic Nuclei Characteristics......Page 516
8.2 Intraatomic Electron—Nuclear Interactions......Page 521
8.3 γ-Resonance (Mössbauer) Spectroscopy......Page 527
8.4 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)......Page 535
8.5 Abilities of Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance......Page 544
8.6 Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR)......Page 545
Problems/Tasks......Page 547
Answers......Page 548
9.1 Crystal Structure, Crystal Lattice......Page 550
9.2 Electrons in Crystals......Page 556
9.3 Lattice Dynamics and Heat Capacity of Crystals......Page 564
9.4 Crystal Defects......Page 580
9.5 Transport Phenomena in Liquids and Solids......Page 586
9.6 Some Technically Important Electric Properties of Substances......Page 590
Problems/Tasks......Page 596
Answers......Page 597
Appendix 1. System of Units Used in the Book......Page 600
Appendix 2. Gyroscope Precession in a Gravity Field......Page 608
Appendix 3. An Electrostatic Field of an Arbitrary Distributed Charge......Page 610
Appendix 4. Langevin Theorem......Page 614
Appendix 5. Maxwell Equations in Differential Form: Electromagnetic Wave Propagation in Vacuum......Page 618
Glossary of Symbols and Abbreviations......Page 624
Index......Page 628