PHP 8 for Absolute Beginners: Basic Website and Web Application Development

Table of Contents
About the Authors
About the Technical Reviewer
Introduction
Chapter 1: Getting Ready to Program
	Objectives
	Setting Up a Development Environment
		What Is PHP? How Does PHP Work?
		Apache and What It Does
		Storing Info with MySQL/MariaDB
	Installing PHP, Apache, and MySQL/MariaDB
		Installing XAMPP
			Step 1: Download XAMPP
			Step 2: Follow the Instructions
			Step 3: Test XAMPP to Ensure Proper Installation
		Open the XAMPP Control Panel
		What If Apache Isn’t Running?
		Verify That Apache and PHP Are Running
	Choosing a PHP Editor
	Creating Your First PHP Program
	Running Your First PHP Script
	Summary
	Projects
Chapter 2: Understanding PHP: Language Basics
	Objectives
	Embedding PHP Scripts
		Program Design and Logic
		Program Design and Logic
		Using echo
		What Is a Variable?
			Storing Values in a Variable
			A Variable Is a Placeholder
			Valid PHP Variable Names
		Program Design and Logic
		Displaying PHP Errors
		Secure Programming
	Creating an HTML5 Page with PHP
		HTML Review
		Including a Simple Page Template
		Including the Template
		Secure Programming
		Commenting Your Code
			Block and Single-Line Comments
		Avoiding Naming Conflicts
			The Object Operator
			Using a StdClass Object for Page Data
	Page Views
		HTML Review
		Making a Dynamic Site Navigation
		HTML Review
		Passing Information with PHP
		Accessing URL Variables
		Using isset( ) to Test If a Variable Is Set
		Secure Programming
		$_GET, a Superglobal Array
		Including Page Views Dynamically
		Strict Naming Convention
		Displaying a Default Page
		Securing the Program
	Validating Your HTML
	Styling the Site with CSS
		CSS Review
	Declaring a Page_Data Class
		Program Design and Logic
		Classes Make Objects
		Highlighting Current Navigation Item with a Dynamic Style Rule
	Summary
	Projects
Chapter 3: Form Management
	Objectives
	What Are Forms?
	Setting Up a New PHP Project
		Seeing for Yourself
		Creating a Dynamic Navigation
		Creating Page Views for the Form
			Displaying Page Views on the Index Page
		Program Design and Logic
	A Simple Search Form
		The  Element and Some Common Types
		Understanding the Method Attribute
	Named PHP Functions
		Program Design and Logic
		The Basic Syntax for Named Functions
		Program Design and Logic
		Program Design and Logic
		Using Function Arguments for Increased Flexibility
	Creating a Form for the Quiz
		HTML Review
		Showing the Quiz Form
			The POST Method
		Secure Programming
			Using the $_POST Superglobal
		Program Design and Logic
			$_POST Is an Array
		Secure Programming
	Curly’s Law: Do One Thing
		Program Design and Logic
			Code Is Poetry
	OOP: Using Constructors, Getters, and Setters
		Secure Programming
	Summary
	Exercises
Chapter 4: Building a Dynamic Image Gallery
	Objectives
	Setting Up a Dynamic Site
		Prerequisites: A Folder with Some Images
		Copyright Laws
		Creating a Navigation
		Creating Two Dummy Page View Files
		Creating the Index File
		Time to Test
	Preparing a Function for Displaying Images
		Iteration
		While Loop
		For Loop
		Using glob to Find Files in a Folder
		For Each Loop
		Showing All Images
		Secure Programming
		CSS Review
	Creating a Form View
		Showing a Form for Uploading Images
		php.ini
		$_FILES
		Secure Programming
	Uploading Files with PHP
		Planning an Uploader Class
			UML
			Uploader Class Requirements
			The Magic Method __construct()
			Saving the Uploaded File
		Using the Uploader Class
		The Single Responsibility Principle
	Summary
	Projects
Chapter 5: Reviewing PHP 8 Basic Syntax
	Objectives
	From the Beginning
		Comments
		PHP Functions
		Variables
		Conditional Statements
		Logical Operators
		Functions
		Arrays
		Loops
		Enums
	Summary
		Projects
Chapter 6: Databases, MVC, and Data Objects
	Objectives
	The Basics of MySQL/MariaDB Data Storage
	Manipulating Data with SQL
	Developing a Database for the Poll
		Building a Database Using CREATE
			The CREATE TABLE Statement
		Secure Programming
			Understanding PRIMARY KEY
			Understanding AUTO_INCREMENT
		The INSERT Statement
		The SELECT Statement
		Secure Programming
		The UPDATE Statement
		Secure Programming
	Coding a Database-Driven Site Poll
		Separating Concerns with MVC
			Planning the Logic
		Creating the Poll Project
		Making a Poll Controller
		Making a Poll Model
		Making a Poll View
			Hooking Up Poll View with Poll Model
		Connecting to MySQL/MariaDB from PHP
			PHP Data Objects (PDO)
			Opening a Connection
		Sharing the Database Connection with the Poll Model
		Retrieving Data with a PDOStatement
		Showing a Poll Form
		Updating a Database Table According to Form Input
		Secure Programming
			Responding to User Input
	Summary
	Projects
Chapter 7: Building the Basic Blog System
	Objectives
	Creating the blog_entry Database Table
	Planning the PHP Scripts
	Admin View: Creating the Admin Blog Site
		Creating the Admin Entry Manager Navigation
		Loading Admin Module Controllers
		Creating the Admin Entry Input Form
		Styling the Admin Editor
		Connecting to the Database
		Using Design Patterns
			The Table Data Gateway Design Pattern
		Writing the Entry_Table Class
		Secure Programming
		Processing the Admin Form Input and Saving the Entry
		User View: Getting Data for All Blog Entries
		Using an SQL SUBSTRING Clause
		Using an SQL Alias
		Preparing a User View for All Blog Entries
		Hooking Up the User View and User Model
		Responding to User Requests to Read More
		Getting Entry Data
		Secure Programming
			Creating a Blog View
			Displaying an Entry
			Code Smell: Duplicate Code
			Staying DRY with Curly
			Refactoring with Curly
		Secure Programming
	Summary
	Projects
Chapter 8: Basic Blog: Entries and Comments
	Objectives
	Creating a Model for the Administrative Module
		Displaying Administrative Links
		Populating the Form with the Entry to Be Edited
		Handling Entry Deletion
		Deleting Entries from the Database
		Responding to Delete Requests
		Preparing a Model to Update Entries in the Database
		Controller: Should I Insert or Update?
		Secure Programming
		Insisting on a Title
		Secure Programming
	User View: Building and Displaying the Comment Entry Form
		A Combined View
		Creating a Comment Table in the Database
		Using a Foreign Key
		Building a Comment_Table Class
		Inheritance
		Is-a Relationships
		Using Inheritance in Our Code
			Creating a View for Listing Comments
			Hooking Up View and Model to Display Comments
		Inserting a Comment Through the Comment Form
	Searching for Entries
		The Search View
		Responding to a User Search
		The Search Model
			Searching with a LIKE Condition
		A Search Result View
		Loading a Search Result View from the Controller
		Exercise: Improving Search
	Summary
	Projects
Chapter 9: Basic Blog: Images and Authentication
	Objectives
	Deleting Entries in Related Tables
		Understanding Foreign Key Constraints
		Deleting Comments Before Blog Entry
	Creating an Image Manager
		Showing a Form for Uploading Images
		A Quick Refresher on the $_FILES Superglobal Array
		Uploading an Image
			Exercises
	Displaying Images
	Using an Image in a Blog Entry
		Improving Security with Authentication
		Creating an admin_table in the Database
		Hashing the Password with BCRYPT
		One-Way Hashing
		Sufficient Security
		Adding Administrators in the Database
	Building an HTML Form
	Saving New Administrators in the Database
	Planning Login
		Creating a Login Form
		Hiding Controls from Unauthorized Users
		HTTP Is Stateless
		Superglobal: $_SESSION
		Persisting State with a Session
		Logging Users Out
		Allowing Authorized Users Only
			Exercises
	Summary
	Projects
Chapter 10: Data Dashboard and Gaming
	Objectives
	Setting Up a Data Dashboard
		Gathering Microsoft Excel, CSV, JSON, and Database Data
		Creating the Model Data Class
		Creating the Drop-Down and File Type Views
		Creating the Front Door Controller and the Subcontrollers
	Creating the Logic for a Checkers Game
	Summary
	Projects
Index