Pharmacy Technician Exam Certification and Review

Cover......Page 1
Pharmacy Technician Exam Certification and Review......Page 3
Copyright Page......Page 4
Dedication......Page 6
Keyfeatures......Page 7
Contents......Page 10
Reviewers......Page 24
Preface......Page 25
About the Authors......Page 27
Test-Taking Strategies......Page 29
Math Review......Page 31
Roman Numerals......Page 33
Decimals......Page 35
Fractions......Page 36
Adding and Subtracting Fractions......Page 38
Multiplying Fractions......Page 40
Dividing Fractions......Page 41
Ratios and Proportions......Page 42
Measurement Systems......Page 46
Medical Measurement Systems......Page 48
Temperature Measurements......Page 49
Conversion Between Units......Page 50
Concentrations......Page 53
Converting a Ratio Into a Metric Concentration......Page 54
Converting a Percentage Into a Metric Concentration......Page 56
Converting a Metric Concentration Into a Percentage......Page 57
Chapter Summary......Page 59
Quick Quiz MR-2......Page 60
Quick Quiz MR-4......Page 61
Chapter 1 Pharmacology for Technicians......Page 72
Drug Classification......Page 74
Pharmaceutical......Page 75
Pharmacodynamic......Page 76
Pregnancy Category......Page 77
Liquids......Page 78
Solids......Page 79
Routes of Administration......Page 80
Therapeutic Equivalence......Page 83
Antimicrobials......Page 84
Antibiotics......Page 85
Penicillins......Page 87
Cephalosporins......Page 88
Macrolides......Page 89
Fluoroquinolones......Page 90
Tetracyclines......Page 91
Antifungal Medications......Page 95
Antiviral Medications......Page 96
Antiretrovirals......Page 97
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs......Page 99
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory, COX-2 Inhibitors......Page 101
Narcotic (Opiate) Analgesics......Page 102
Serotonin 5-HT (1b,1d) Receptor Agonist (Triptans)......Page 104
Skeletal Muscle Relaxant......Page 105
Anticholesterol Medications......Page 107
HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins)......Page 108
Cholestyramine Resins......Page 109
Niacin......Page 110
Arrhythmia......Page 111
Myocardial Infarction......Page 113
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors......Page 114
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers......Page 115
β Blockers......Page 116
Calcium Channel Blockers......Page 117
Loop Diuretics......Page 118
Thiazide Diuretics......Page 119
Nitrates......Page 120
Antiplatelet and Anticoagulant Medications......Page 121
Anticoagulants......Page 122
Hydralazine......Page 124
Endocrine Medications......Page 125
Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV (DDP-IV) Inhibitor......Page 126
Thiazolidinedione......Page 127
Type 1 and 2 Diabetes Mellitus Medications......Page 129
Insulin......Page 130
Treatment for Hypothyroidism......Page 131
Treatment for Hyperthyroidism......Page 132
Central Nervous System Medications......Page 133
Divalproex......Page 134
Lacosamide......Page 135
Phenytoin......Page 136
Topiramate......Page 137
Depression......Page 138
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI)......Page 139
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor/Antagonist......Page 140
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA)......Page 141
Anti-Parkinson Agent......Page 142
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors......Page 143
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder......Page 144
Atypical Antipsychotics......Page 145
Typical Antipyschotics......Page 146
Benzodiazepines......Page 147
Hypnotics......Page 148
Stimulants......Page 149
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease......Page 151
Corticosteroid, Inhaled......Page 152
Anticholinergic, Inhaled......Page 153
Corticosteroid, Nasal......Page 154
Corticosteroids, Systemic......Page 155
Antitussives......Page 156
Expectorant......Page 157
Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists......Page 158
Histamine-1 Antagonist (Antihistamines)......Page 159
Calcium......Page 160
Magnesium......Page 161
Antidiarrheal......Page 162
Promethazine......Page 163
Antacids......Page 164
Histamine-2 Blockers......Page 166
Laxative......Page 167
Proton Pump Inhibitors......Page 168
Reproductive and Urinary Medications......Page 169
α Blockers......Page 170
Anticholinergic Agent......Page 171
Contraceptives......Page 172
Hormone Replacement Products......Page 173
Phosphodiesterase-5 Enzyme Inhibitor......Page 174
Urinary Analgesic......Page 175
Antibiotic Ophthalmic Agents......Page 176
Antifungals......Page 177
Corticosteroids......Page 178
Vitamins......Page 179
Iron Salts......Page 180
Anorexiant......Page 181
Lipase Inhibitor......Page 182
Colchicine......Page 184
Methotrexate......Page 185
Chapter Summary......Page 187
Quick Quiz 1-4......Page 188
Chapter 2 Pharmacy Law and Regulations for the Pharmacy Technician......Page 198
Pharmacy Technician’s Responsibilities......Page 201
History of Pharmacy Laws......Page 203
Pharmacy Laws......Page 204
Kefauver-Harris Amendment of 1962......Page 206
Ordering and Transferring Controlled Substances......Page 210
Destruction of Controlled Substances......Page 211
Filling Controlled Substance Prescriptions......Page 212
Restricted Drug Programs......Page 216
Federal Agencies......Page 218
Drug References......Page 221
Hazardous Substances......Page 222
Pharmacy Medication Recalls......Page 225
Chapter Summary......Page 227
Quick Quiz 2-3......Page 228
Chapter 3 Sterile and Nonsterile Compounding......Page 238
Introduction......Page 241
Non-Sterile Compounding Processes......Page 242
Equipment for Liquid Measurement......Page 243
Equipment for Solid Measurement......Page 247
Mixing Techniques......Page 250
Topical Preparations......Page 252
Liquids......Page 253
Oral Solutions from Powder for Reconstitution......Page 254
Other Oral Dosage Forms......Page 255
Suppositories......Page 256
Product Stability......Page 257
Compounding Documentation......Page 258
Compounding Calculations......Page 260
Sterile Compounding......Page 268
Sterile Compounding Calculations......Page 269
Practice Problems......Page 274
IV push, IM, and Subcutaneous Dose Calculations......Page 276
IV Piggyback and IV Drip Calculations......Page 279
Infection Control in Sterile Compounding......Page 280
Selection and Use of Equipment and Supplies......Page 285
IV Admixtures......Page 288
Special Preparations......Page 291
Product Stability......Page 293
Additional Considerations......Page 294
Chapter Summary......Page 298
Quick Quiz 3-4......Page 299
Quick Quiz 3-6......Page 300
Chapter 4 Medication Safety......Page 311
Introduction......Page 313
Medication Errors......Page 314
Patient Information......Page 315
Communication of Drug Information......Page 316
Drug Labeling, Packaging, and Nomenclature......Page 320
Drug Storage, Stock, Standardization, and Distribution......Page 323
Environmental Factors, Workflow, and Staffing Patterns......Page 324
Patient Education......Page 325
Pharmacist Intervention......Page 326
Drug Information for Patients......Page 329
Quick Quiz 4-1......Page 334
Chapter 5 Pharmacy Quality Assurance......Page 344
Introduction......Page 345
Infection Control......Page 346
Correct Medication Selection......Page 348
Correct Medication Quantity......Page 350
Quality Improvement Standards and Guidelines......Page 351
Institute of Safe Medicine Practices (ISMP)......Page 352
Occupational Safety and Health Administration......Page 353
VA National Center for Patient Safety (NCPS)......Page 354
Risk Management Guidelines and Regulations......Page 355
Communication Channels......Page 356
Productivity, Efficiency, and Customer Satisfaction Measures......Page 357
Efficiency......Page 358
Customer Satisfaction......Page 359
Quick Quiz 5-1......Page 361
Chapter 6 Medication Order Entry and Fill Process......Page 371
Order Entry Process......Page 374
Parts of the Prescription......Page 375
Intake, Interpretation, and Data entry......Page 377
Error-Prone Abbreviations......Page 382
Pharmacy Dosage Calculations......Page 383
Labeling Requirements......Page 387
Fill Process......Page 389
Other Types of Orders......Page 396
Parts of the Medication Order......Page 398
Inpatient Fill Process......Page 399
Quick Quiz 6-2......Page 402
Chapter 7 Pharmacy Inventory Management......Page 413
Drug-Approval Process......Page 415
Identifying Characteristics on Manufacturer Labels......Page 416
Inventory Management......Page 418
Ordering Processes......Page 419
Receiving Processes......Page 422
Storage Requirements for Pharmacy Stock......Page 423
Formularies and Preferred Product Lists......Page 424
Inventory Returns......Page 425
Recalled Products......Page 426
Business Math......Page 427
Answers to Quick Quizzes......Page 433
Quick Quiz 7-3......Page 434
Chapter 8 Pharmacy Billing and Reimbursement......Page 444
Introduction......Page 446
Third-Party and Private Plans......Page 447
Government Insurance Plans......Page 449
Third Party Resolution......Page 452
Third Party Reimbursement Systems......Page 453
Insurance Processing......Page 455
Quick Quiz 8-3......Page 459
Chapter 9 Pharmacy Information System Usage and Applications......Page 470
Introduction......Page 471
Computers......Page 472
Electronic Health Record......Page 474
Medication Administration Record......Page 475
Telepharmacy......Page 476
HIPAA and Pharmacy Technology......Page 477
Clinical Decision Support System......Page 478
Patient Profiles......Page 479
Pharmacy Reporting Systems......Page 481
Barcode Scanners......Page 482
Drug Information......Page 483
Quick Quiz 9-1......Page 487
Quick Quiz 9-2......Page 488
Answers to Chapter Questions......Page 497
Practice Exam Math Review......Page 530
Practice Exam 1......Page 557
Practice Exam 2......Page 574
Practice Exam 3......Page 591
Practice Exam 4......Page 608
Answers to Practice Exams......Page 625
Appendix A Pharmacy Technician Certification Board Guidelines and Requirements......Page 658
Appendix B Updated Pharmacy Technician Certification Examination Blueprint......Page 661
Appendix C Top 200 Drugs......Page 667
Appendix D Top OTC Drugs......Page 676
Appendix E Top 25 Herbal Products......Page 680
Index......Page 682