Personality and Individual Differences: Theory, Assessment, and Application

TITLE PAGE\n......Page 3
CONTENTS......Page 6
ABSTRACT......Page 12
GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES ON PERSONALITY AND  INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES......Page 13
CLINICAL DIMENSIONS......Page 14
ORGANISATION AND SCOPE......Page 16
FINAL COMMENTS......Page 17
REFERENCES......Page 18
PART A: PROCESSES AND PERFORMANCE......Page 20
ABSTRACT......Page 22
BACKGROUND TO AN INTEGRATED APPROACH......Page 23
QUESTIONS WITHIN AN INTEGRATED APPROACH......Page 26
CONCLUSION......Page 28
REFERENCES......Page 29
INTRODUCTION......Page 32
JAEGGI, ET AL.’S RESEARCH......Page 33
WHY HAS THIS INTERVENTION WORKED?......Page 34
CAN DELIBERATE PRACTICE LEAD TO GF GAINS?......Page 35
FLUID INTELLIGENCE (GF)......Page 37
WORKING MEMORY (WM)......Page 39
NON-COGNITIVE MODERATORS OF GF GAINS......Page 40
IMPLICATIONS FOR REAL-WORLD ACHIEVEMENTS......Page 41
REFERENCES......Page 43
ABSTRACT......Page 48
LINKING SCHADENFREUDE AND SOCIAL COMPARISON THEORY......Page 49
SCHADENFREUDE AND SOCIAL COMPARISON ORIENTATION......Page 50
THE PRESENT STUDY......Page 51
METHOD......Page 52
RESULTS......Page 54
UPWARD SOCIAL COMPARISON TENDENCIES AND SCHADENFREUDE......Page 56
METHODOLOGICAL LIMITATIONS AND DIRECTIONS  FOR FUTURE RESEARCH......Page 57
REFERENCES......Page 58
ABSTRACT......Page 62
THE GLOBAL/LOCAL MODEL OF ASSIMILATION AND CONTRAST......Page 63
THE PRESENT RESEARCH......Page 64
Participants......Page 65
Assessment Materials......Page 66
Preliminary Analysis......Page 67
Main Analysis......Page 68
OBJECTIVE AND SUBJECTIVE SELF-EVALUATION......Page 72
AUTOMATIC BEHAVIOUR: LANGUAGE AND GENDER EFFECTS......Page 73
REFERENCES......Page 74
ABSTRACT......Page 78
INTRODUCTION......Page 79
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE, AROUSAL AND ATTRACTION......Page 80
Materials and Apparatus......Page 81
Procedure......Page 82
RESULTS......Page 83
DISCUSSION......Page 88
THE INFLUENCE OF RELATIONSHIP STATUS......Page 89
CONCLUSION......Page 90
REFERENCES......Page 91
INTRODUCTION......Page 94
THE INCUBATION EFFECT......Page 95
THE INCUBATION EFFECT AND NON-CONSCIOUS PROCESSING......Page 96
INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES......Page 97
MATERIALS AND PROCEDURE......Page 99
DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS......Page 100
CONCLUSION......Page 101
REFERENCES......Page 102
INTRODUCTION......Page 104
THE BIG FIVE MODEL......Page 105
PERSONALITY AND LEARNING IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS......Page 106
NEUROTICISM AND ANXIETY IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS......Page 107
PERSONALITY AND LEARNING IN WORK SETTINGS......Page 108
PERSONALITY AND LEARNING IN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND EXERCISE......Page 109
PERSONALITY AND LEARNING IN APPLIED SETTINGS:  FUTURE DIRECTIONS FOR RESEARCH......Page 110
REFERENCES......Page 111
ABSTRACT......Page 114
SELF-CONFIDENCE AS AN ASPECT OF  METACOGNITIVE SELF-MONITORING......Page 115
OUR EMPIRICAL FINDINGS......Page 117
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PARENTS’ AND CHILDREN’S METACOGNITIVE PERCEPTIONS, SELF-CONFIDENCE AND ACCURACY......Page 121
DISCUSSION......Page 122
REFERENCES......Page 124
PART B: CULTURE, RELIGION, AND SPIRITUALITY......Page 128
ABSTRACT......Page 130
BALINESE HINDUISM......Page 131
CENTRAL CONCEPTS IN THE BALINESE RELIGION......Page 132
SPIRITUAL-HYPNOSIS ASSISTED THERAPY (SHAT)......Page 133
THE METHOD: INDIVIDUAL THERAPY......Page 134
THE METHOD: COMMUNITY-BASED PREVENTATIVE INTERVENTION......Page 137
REFERENCES......Page 139
ABSTRACT......Page 142
INTRODUCTION......Page 143
THE USE OF INGREDIENTS OF MEM MEASURES......Page 145
THE POTENTIAL MILITANT EXTREMIST INSIDE EACH OF US?......Page 146
MEASURES OF MUSLIM OR ANY TYPE OF  MILITANT EXTREMIST MINDSET?......Page 148
WORK STILL TO BE DONE......Page 149
CONCLUSION......Page 150
REFERENCES......Page 151
ABSTRACT......Page 152
MEASURES OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE......Page 153
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AMONGST CHURCH LEADERS......Page 154
RESULTS......Page 156
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE PROFILE OF CHURCH LEADERS......Page 157
DISCUSSION......Page 158
REFERENCES......Page 159
INTRODUCTION......Page 162
SCHIZOTYPAL TRAITS......Page 164
RESULTS......Page 165
INTERPERSONAL SCHIZOTYPY......Page 168
DIFFICULTIES IN INTERPRETATION......Page 169
REFERENCES......Page 170
ABSTRACT......Page 174
INTRODUCTION......Page 175
THE AUTHORS’ CONCEPT OF GOD......Page 177
CONCLUSION......Page 180
REFERENCES......Page 181
INTRODUCTION......Page 182
STUDY OVERVIEW......Page 184
Big Five Personality Inventory......Page 185
RESULTS......Page 186
DISCUSSION......Page 187
CONCLUSION......Page 188
REFERENCES......Page 189
ABSTRACT......Page 192
CULTURE PSYCHOLOGY......Page 193
CROSS-CULTURAL PERSONALITY......Page 194
DIFFERENCES IN COGNITIVE PREFERENCES IN THE US AND BALI......Page 195
OTHER EMPIRICAL FINDINGS......Page 197
REFERENCES......Page 199
PART C: CONTRIBUTIONS TO CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY AND ASSESSMENT......Page 202
GENETIC VARIATION IN DRD4, CRIMINALITY, AND CONDUCT DISORDER......Page 204
GLOSSARY......Page 205
INTRODUCTION......Page 206
ENDOPHENOTYPES......Page 207
THE DRD4 GENE......Page 208
Grouping......Page 209
DNA Sampling, Processing, and Analyses......Page 210
Analysis of Allele Frequencies......Page 211
Analysis of Haplotype Frequencies......Page 214
Analysis of Haplotype Frequencies......Page 215
DISCUSSION......Page 216
ACKNOWLEDGMENT......Page 217
REFERENCES......Page 218
ABSTRACT......Page 220
IDENTIFYING THE SPECIFIC SYMPTOMS OF  ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION......Page 221
THE DEPRESSION ANXIETY STRESS SCALES (DASS)......Page 222
DEVELOPING AGE-APPROPRIATE ITEMS TO ASSESS DEPRESSION, ANXIETY AND TENSION/STRESS......Page 226
THE LATENT STRUCTURE OF THE DASS IN ADOLESCENT SAMPLES......Page 227
CONCLUSION......Page 230
REFERENCES......Page 231
ABSTRACT......Page 234
BULIMIC BEHAVIOURS AND DEFENSE......Page 235
UNCONSCIOUS MALADAPTIVE SCHEMAS......Page 236
Design......Page 237
Subliminal Stimuli and Task......Page 238
RESULTS......Page 239
DISCUSSION......Page 241
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 242
IMPLICATIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH......Page 243
REFERENCES......Page 244
ABSTRACT......Page 248
INTRODUCTION......Page 249
MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING......Page 250
Treatment......Page 251
RESULTS......Page 252
LIMITATIONS AND FUTURE RESEARCH......Page 255
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS......Page 256
REFERENCES......Page 257
ABSTRACT......Page 260
A CASE FOR SELF-REPORT MEASURES......Page 261
DISINHIBITION AND CONSTRUCT CONFUSION......Page 265
ISSUES IN MEASURING DISINHIBITION......Page 267
DISINHIBITION AND NEUROTICISM......Page 268
REFERENCES......Page 269
INTRODUCTION......Page 276
Polygraph Tests......Page 278
Integrity Tests......Page 279
ARE INTEGRITY TESTS VALID?......Page 280
Psychopathy and Narcissism......Page 281
CONCLUSION......Page 282
REFERENCES......Page 283
ABSTRACT......Page 286
Need for a Common Questionnaire in Cross-occupational Comparisons of Stress......Page 287
THE STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY OF THE OCCUPATIONAL STRESS INVENTORY-REVISED......Page 289
CONCLUSION......Page 290
REFERENCES......Page 291
INTRODUCTION......Page 294
ADVANTAGES......Page 295
DISADVANTAGES......Page 296
Colour Stroop......Page 297
Towers of Hanoi......Page 298
Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART)......Page 299
Navon Type Measure of Global and Spatial Attention......Page 300
The Baddeley Reasoning Test (Baddeley, 1968)......Page 301
DEBRIEFING AND OUTPUT......Page 302
REFERENCES......Page 303
PART D: DEVELOPMENTS IN THEORY AND STRUCTURE......Page 306
INTRODUCTION......Page 308
CIRCULARITY......Page 309
REJECTION SENSITIVITY......Page 310
SOLUTION 2: EVOLUTION......Page 311
SOLUTION 3: LIFESPAN DEVELOPMENT......Page 312
SOLUTION 5: COMPONENTS AND HIERARCHY......Page 313
SOLUTION 6: INTRA-INDIVIDUAL COGNITIVE PROCESSES......Page 314
CONCLUSION......Page 315
REFERENCES......Page 316
ABSTRACT......Page 318
INTRODUCTION......Page 319
RESULTS......Page 321
DISCUSSION......Page 327
REFERENCES......Page 328
ABSTRACT......Page 332
INTRODUCTION......Page 333
CONDUCTING CONCEPTUAL RESEARCH......Page 334
DESCRIPTION AND EXPLANATION IN PERSONALITY RESEARCH......Page 336
AVOIDING CIRCULAR EXPLANATIONS......Page 337
REFERENCES......Page 338
INDEX......Page 342