Pediatric epilepsy surgery: preoperative assessment and surgical treatment

Content: 1. Introduction  2. Intractable epilepsy in children and selection of surgical candidates  3. Surgical intervention for congenital or early-acquired lesions  I. PREOPERATIVE ASSESSMENT    Electrophysiological assessment   4. EEG and Noninvasive electrophysiological monitoring  5. Invasive electrophysiological monitoring  6. Intra- and Extra-operative stimulation   7. Magnetoencephalography  Neuroimaging   8. Structural brain imaging: MRI  9. Functional brain imaging: fMRI   10. SPECT and PET  11. Co-registration and new imaging techniques  Neuropsychological, cognitive assessment    12. WADA test   13. Preoperative neuropsychological and cognitive assessment   II. SURGICAL APPROACHES AND TECHNIQUES   14. Anesthetic considerations and postoperative ICU care  A. Resective surgeries in temporal lobe epilepsy    15. Anterior Temporal lobectomy  16. Selective amygdalohippocampectomy  17. Tailored temporal lobectomy techniques   18. Surgical approaches to temporal lobe tumors and other lesions  B. Resective surgeries in extratemporal lobe epilepsy    19. Extratemporal resections  20. Surgical approaches in cortical dysplasia   21. Resective surgery in primary motor cortex  22. Posterior quadrantic resection and disconnection   C. Hemispheric resection and disconnection techniques and their modifications    22.Overview    23. Anatomical hemispherectomy  24. Hemicorticectomy  25. Functional hemispherectomy  26. Hemispherotomy Technique  27. Trans-sylvian hemispheric deafferentiation   D. Disconnection Procedures   28. Corpus callosotomy  29. Multiple subpial transection  30. Hippocampal subpial Transection  E. Stimulation Procedures  31. Vagus nerve stimulation  32. Cortical and deep brain stimulation  III. OUTCOME  33. Surgical failure and re-operation  34. Surgical failure, re-assessment and medical management  35. Postoperative seizure control  36. Postoperative psychosocial issues  IV. RECENT ADVANCES  37. Electrophysiology  38. Imaging  39. Radiosurgery  40. Brain Stimulation