Pearson IIT Foundation Series - Physics Class 7

Cover
Brief Contents
Contents
Preface
Chapter Insights
Series Chapter Flow
Chapter 1: Measurements
	Introduction to Physical Science
	Measurement of Some Physical Quantities
		Measurement of Mass
		Determination of Density of a Solid by Using a Measuring Cylinder
		Determination of Density of a Liquid by Using a Density Bottle
		Variation in Density of Liquids and Gases with Temperature
		Consequences of Change in Density of Liquids with Temperature
		Consequences of Change in Density of Gases with Temperature
	The Triangulation Method
	Points to Remember
	Practice Questions
	Answer Keys
	Hints and Explanation
Chapter 2: Kinematics
	Introduction
	Rest and Motion
		Different Kinds of Motion
	Distance and Displacement
		Distance
		Displacement
	Speed
		Kinds of Speed
	Measurement of Time
		Units of Time and Speed
		Measuring Speed
	Distance-Time Graph
		Velocity
	Acceleration
	Simple Pendulum
	Points to Remember
	Practice Questions
	Answer Keys
	Hints and Explanation
Chapter 3: Heat
	Introduction
	Hot and Cold
		Differences between Heat and Temperature
		Measurement of Temperature
		Advantages of Mercury as a Thermometric Liquid
		Construction of a Mercury Thermometer
		Clinical Thermometer
		Temperature of a Furnace
	Transmission of Heat
		Conduction of Heat
		Activity
		Applications of Good Conductors
		Applications of Bad Conductors
		Convection of Heat
		Convection in Gases
		Experiment to Show that Water is a Bad Conductor of Heat
		Experiment to Show that Air is a Bad Conductor of Heat
		Radiation of Heat
	Thermos Flask
		Construction
	Effects of Heat
	Gravesand’s Ring and Ball Experiment
		The Bimetallic Strip
	Expansion of Liquids
	Anomalous Expansion of Water
	Expansion of Gases
	Effect of Heat on Living Organisms
		Change of State
		Absorption of Heat by Different Substances
	Calorimeter
	Points to Remember
	Practice Questions
	Answer Keys
	Hints and Explanation
Chapter 4: Light
	Introduction
	Hurricane Lamp
	The Electric Bulb
	Rectilinear Propagation of Light
	Shadow
	Eclipse
		Lunar Eclipse
		Solar Eclipse
	Pinhole Camera
	Speed of the Light
	Reflection
		Laws of Reflection
		Verification of Laws of Reflection
	Image Formed by a Plane Mirror
		Characteristics of Image Formed by a Plane Mirror
		Uses of Plane Mirrors
	Mirrors Placed at an Angle
		Kaleidoscope
		Periscope
	Spherical Mirrors
	Construction of Ray Diagram
	Formation of Images in Concave Mirror
	Formation of Images by Convex Mirror
		Uses of Concave Mirrors
		Uses of Convex Mirrors
		Important Points to Note About the Images Formed by a Spherical Mirror
	Light and Colours
	Rainbow
	Light–Growth of Plants
	Intensity of Light
	Points to Remember
	Practice Questions
	Answer Keys
	Hints and Explanation
Chapter 5: Sound
	Introduction
	Production of Sound
		Units of Frequency
		Experiment to Determine the Frequency of Oscillation
	Ultrasonic and Infrasonic Sound
		Uses of Ultrasonic Vibrations
	Propagation of Sound
		Propagation of Sound through Solids
		Experiment to Prove that Sound Travels through Liquids
		Will Sound Travel through Vacuum?
		Experiment to Determine the Speed of Sound in Air
	Formation of Thunder
		Reflection of Sound
		Do all Materials Reflect Sound?
	Echoes
		Practical Applications of Reflection of Sound
		Experiment to Prove that the Pitch of the Sound Decreases with Increase in Length of a Vibrating Air Column
		Musical Instruments
	Points to Remember
	Practice Questions
	Answer Keys
	Hints and Explanation
Chapter 6: Electricity
	Introduction
	Nature of Charges
		Charged Object Attracts Uncharged Objects
		Charging a Body by Friction
		Charging a Body by Conduction
	Electrical Induction
	The Electroscope
	Conductors and Insulators
	Lightning
		Lightning Conductor
	Electric Current
	Electric Circuit
	Parallel and Series Connections
		Electric Cells Connected in Series
		Electric Cells Connected in Parallel
		Bulbs in Series Connection
		Bulbs in Parallel Connection
	Household Distribution of Electrical Energy
		Precautions to be Taken in Using Household Electrical Appliances
		Electric Heater
		Electromagnets
	Electric Bell
		Electroplating
		Conservation of Electricity
	Points to Remember
	Practice Questions
	Answer Keys
	Hints and Explanation
Chapter 7: Machines and Tools
	Introduction
	The Hammer
	The Dividers
	The Hack-saw and Hack-saw Blade
	The Vice
	The Tin-Cutter
	The Multipurpose Tool
	The Wooden Plough
	The Improvised Plough
	The Wooden Plank
	The Leveller
	The Seed Drill
		The Harrow
		The Maintenance of Tools
	Points to Remember
	Practice Questions
	Answer Keys
	Hints and Explanation
Chapter 8: Our Universe
	Introduction
	The Law of Gravitation
		Dependence of Gravitational Force on Mass and Distance
	Gravity
		Escape Velocity
		Moon’s Gravitation
	Tides
		Different Types of Tides
	Constellations and the Zodiac
	Rocket
	Artificial Satellites
	Travel in Space and on the Moon
		Uses of Space Travel
	Space Travel–India
	Winds, Storms and Cyclones
	Construction of a Barometer
		Wind
		Monsoon
		Thunderstorms and Cyclones
		Cyclone
		Tornadoes
	Floatation and Density
	Points to Remember
	Practice Questions
	Answer Keys
	Hints and Explanation