Paul the Martyr: The Cult of the Apostle in the Latin West

Cover......Page 1
CONTENTS......Page 7
Acknowledgments......Page 9
Abbreviations......Page 11
Figures......Page 21
Introduction......Page 23
The Cults of Martyrs and Saints......Page 24
The Nature of the Evidence......Page 25
Places......Page 26
Stories......Page 27
Objects and Rituals......Page 29
Patronage Relationships......Page 32
PART 1: THE CULT OF PAUL IN ROME......Page 35
1. The Cult of Paul on the Ostian Road......Page 37
1.1. TEXTUAL AND LITURGICAL ORIGINS OF THE CULT......Page 38
1.2.1. THE CONSTANTINIAN BASILICA......Page 46
1.2.2. THE THEODOSIAN BASILICA AND THE CHRISTIAN FOUNDING OF ROME......Page 49
1.3. APOSTOLIC POWER FROM THE GRAVE: VENERATION PRACTICES AT PAUL'S TOMB......Page 57
1.3.1. IMPORTANT ARCHAEOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES AT THE TOMB SITE......Page 58
1.3.2. PRIVILEGED BURIALS AND ARCHITECTURAL CHANGES AROUND THE TOMB......Page 64
1.3.2.1. Sarcophagi at the Theodosian Level......Page 65
1.3.2.2. Renovations and Burials in the Time of Leo I......Page 68
1.3.2.3. Modifications and the Power of Paul's Presence in the Time of Gregory I......Page 71
1.3.3. THE BASILICA AS A PILGRIMAGE DESTINATION......Page 74
1.3.4. THE VENERATION OF PAUL'S RELICS......Page 79
1.4. COMPETITION: A RIVAL HOLY PLACE......Page 84
CONCLUSION......Page 91
2. The Cult of Paul on the Appian Road......Page 93
2.1. PAUL AS DINING COMPANION: CULTIC MEALS IN THE CATACOMBS......Page 94
2.2. PAUL AS PATRON: ACCESSING THE POWER OF THE MARTYR......Page 106
2.3. THE CONSTANTINIAN BASILICA OF THE APOSTLES: THE EXPANSION OF CULTIC SPACE......Page 111
2.4 THE CONTROVERSY OVER RELICS......Page 116
2.4.1. THIRD- THROUGH FIFTH- CENTURY EVIDENCE......Page 117
2.4.2. THE SIXTH-CENTURY WITNESSES......Page 131
CONCLUSION......Page 136
PART 2: THE EXPANSION OF THE CULT OUTSIDE ROME......Page 137
3.1. AMBROSE OF MILAN AND THE PROMOTION OF THE PAULINE CULT IN THE "NEW ROME"......Page 139
3.2. THE CULT OF PAUL IN GAUL: VENERATING AND SUPPLANTING THE APOSTLE......Page 146
3.2.1. THE PAULINE CULT AS CONNECTION WITH ROME......Page 150
3.2.2. GALLIC SAINTS AND THE SUPERSESSION OF PAUL......Page 159
3.3.1. TRADITIONS OF A PAULINE VISIT......Page 166
3.3.2. THE VESTIGES OF THE PAULINE CULT IN SPAIN......Page 170
CONCLUSION......Page 175
4. The Pauline Cult in North Africa......Page 177
4.1. PAUL AS MODEL MARTYR IN THE NORTH AFRICAN TRADITION......Page 178
4.2. SPECIAL CELEBRATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CULT......Page 185
4.3. BASILICAS, MEMORIALS, AND TIES WITH ROME......Page 189
4.4. RELIC VENERATION AND PRIVILEGED BURIALS......Page 196
4.5. PAUL AS A SYMBOL OF LEGITIMACY: THE "CAECILIANISTS" VERSUS THE "DONATISTS"......Page 200
CONCLUSION......Page 208
Conclusion......Page 209
PRIMARY SOURCES......Page 211
SECONDARY SOURCES......Page 219
Scriptural Citations......Page 247
Primary Source Citations......Page 248
Subject Index......Page 249