Paternalism: Theory and Practice

Contents......Page 7
Contributors......Page 9
Introduction: Paternalism - Issues and trends......Page 11
1  Defining paternalism......Page 35
Actual vs. hypothetical motives......Page 36
Acts vs. omissions......Page 37
Definitions......Page 38
Definition B......Page 39
Definition G......Page 40
An examination in detail of one case......Page 41
2  Penal paternalism......Page 49
The scope of self-sovereignty......Page 66
Drug and prostitution laws......Page 70
The priority of self-sovereignty......Page 75
Anti-paternalism......Page 78
4  The right to autonomy and the justification of hard paternalism......Page 84
Hard/soft and strict/loose paternalism......Page 85
Some competing accounts of the right to autonomy: Feinberg's, the libertarian's, and CP......Page 88
Some possible views about the right's strength and scope......Page 94
Against an "absolute" right to autonomy......Page 98
5  Moral environmentalism......Page 103
Moral environmentalism in focus......Page 104
A presumptive case for moral environmentalism......Page 106
Autonomy as an ethical ideal......Page 111
Autonomy as a sovereign right......Page 116
Enforcing morality......Page 118
Perspectival autonomy......Page 120
From principle to practice......Page 122
Conclusion......Page 124
6  Kantian paternalism and suicide intervention......Page 125
Kantian paternalism described......Page 128
Instrumental irrationality and our normative powers......Page 131
The irrationality of suicide......Page 135
Kantian paternalism at its limits: Suicidal nihilism......Page 140
Conclusion......Page 143
7  Paternalism and the principle of fairness......Page 144
An example......Page 145
Nozick and a revised principle of fairness......Page 146
Why excludability?......Page 148
No harm, no wrong......Page 150
Voluntary acceptance of benefits......Page 151
Enforceability......Page 153
An anti-paternalist objection to the principle of fairness......Page 155
No hard paternalism?......Page 162
Is paternalism morally objectionable?......Page 163
Conclusion......Page 166
Introduction......Page 167
What is minimalism?......Page 169
What is paternalism?......Page 171
Is minimalism paternalistic?......Page 173
On the distinction between values and preferences......Page 179
Avoiding paternalism......Page 181
Conclusion: Burying the minimalist nanny state......Page 186
Introduction......Page 188
What does "better off" mean?......Page 189
Who is made "better off"?......Page 192
The problem of cognitive and affective biases and errors affecting the choice architect's judgment......Page 193
Motivational problems such as indifference, conflicts of interest, or malevolence affecting the choice architect´s judgment......Page 195
Compatibility with individual liberty......Page 198
The problem of manipulation and the transparency requirement......Page 199
The problem of blocking or burdening choices......Page 202
What would a true libertarian do?......Page 203
Introduction......Page 207
Autonomy objections......Page 208
Will they? Can they?42......Page 213
Perceptions of paternalism......Page 217
"Light" paternalism......Page 218
"Positive" paternalism......Page 219
Public opinion surveys......Page 221
Conclusion......Page 225
Introduction......Page 226
Paternalism is inevitable......Page 229
Nudges are inevitable......Page 231
A utilitarian nudge......Page 232
A Rawlsian nudge......Page 233
Nudges ought to be paternalistic......Page 235
Conclusion......Page 239
12  Voluntary enslavement......Page 241
Do personal service contracts create duties and rights?......Page 246
May promisees use coercive self-help measures to enforce promises to perform?......Page 247
The positive law: Are duties to perform legally enforceable?......Page 248
Is Abel' s agreement with Baker a peonage contract, and are peonage contracts morally enforceable?......Page 251
But what about regret?......Page 252
The argument from degradation......Page 254
Paternalism......Page 257
Choice and school choice......Page 261
Choice for all families: High school choice in Philadelphia......Page 265
Targeted choice: Washington DC Opportunity Scholarships Program (OSP)......Page 269
Conclusion......Page 272
Bibliography......Page 276
Index......Page 291