Oxygen Radicals in Biology and Medicine

Front Matter....Pages i-xxiv
Introduction to Peroxidation and Antioxidation Mechanisms....Pages 1-10
Electron Spin Resonance Investigations of Oxygen-Centered Free Radicals in Biological Systems....Pages 11-20
Superoxide Chemistry in Non-Aqueous Media....Pages 21-27
The Uniqueness Both of Superoxide Toxicity and of the Protective Role of Superoxide Dismutase....Pages 29-38
Peroxyl Radicals in Aqueous Media....Pages 39-42
Kinetic Studies of Alkoxyl Radicals....Pages 43-46
Radical-Induced Degradation of Organic Halogen and Sulfur Compounds in Oxygenated Aqueous Solutions....Pages 47-54
Thiyl Free Radical Metabolites of Thiol Drugs and Glutathione....Pages 55-58
Oxidation of Quinones by H 2 O 2 : Formation of Epoxy- and Hydroxyquinone Adducts and Electronically Excited States....Pages 59-66
From Nitric Oxide to Desferal: Nitrogen Free Radicals and Iron in Oxidative Injury....Pages 67-73
Singlet Oxygen: Current Mechanistic Aspects of Photo-Oxidation....Pages 75-79
Homolysis of Substituted Anisoles: Substituent Effects on Phenoxyl Radical Stabilities....Pages 81-86
Redox Properties of Oxy and Antioxidant Radicals....Pages 87-99
The Role of Metals in Aqueous Superoxide Chemistry....Pages 101-104
Fenton Chemistry Revisited: Amino Acid Oxidation....Pages 105-114
Iron Redox Reactions and Lipid Peroxidation....Pages 115-122
The Generation of Ferryl or Hydroxyl Radicals During Interaction of Hemeproteins with Hydrogen Peroxide....Pages 123-130
The Production of Hydroxyl and Semiquinone Free Radicals During the Autoxidation of Redox Active Flavonoids....Pages 131-136
Fenton Reactions in Lipid Phases: Iron Solubility, Oh Production, and Initiation of Lipid Oxidation....Pages 137-144
The Role of Hemoglobin in Generating Oxyradicals....Pages 145-148
Specific Detection of Lipid Hydroperoxides Using HPLC-EC Method....Pages 149-152
Quantitative Determination of Fatty Acid Hydroperoxides in Vivo....Pages 153-156
Detection of Lipid Peroxidation Products in Lipids and Tissues by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry....Pages 157-162
Direct Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry of Underivatized Arachidonic Acid Metabolites: Application to Leukotriene Biosynthesis....Pages 163-174
Chemiluminescence — High Performance Liquid Chromatography of Phosphatidylcholine Hydroperoxide in Human Blood Plasma....Pages 175-178
Method for Tracing Oxygen-18 in Vivo: Application to Ozone Dosimetry in Animals....Pages 179-183
Malondialdehyde Derivatives in Urine....Pages 185-189
Electron Spin Resonance of The Semiquinone of The Antitumor Antibiotic Streptonigrin and Its Metal Complexes....Pages 191-194
The Detection of Singlet Oxygen in Biochemical Systems Using 1268 nm Chemiluminescence....Pages 195-197
Phagocyte Dioxygenation Reactions Yielding Chemiluminescence: The Maximum Multiplicity and Spin Conservation Rules Relative to Oxygen Reactivity....Pages 199-202
Bryostatin Stimulation of Human Neutrophil Luminol and DBA (Lucigenin) Chemiluminescence....Pages 203-210
Luciferase Reverse Micellar Bioluminescence: Kinetics and Emission Spectra....Pages 211-218
Platelet Chemiluminiscence Induced by Linoleic and Arachidonic Acids....Pages 219-222
Low Level Chemiluminescence from Isolated Rat Hepatocytes, Intact Lung and Intestine in situ ....Pages 223-227
Prevention by Propionylcarnitine of NADPH and Tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide-Dependent Chemiluminescence in Heart Microsomes....Pages 229-232
Chemiluminescence from Vitamin E-Deficient Erythrocyte Membranes Induced by Xanthine Oxidase Reaction....Pages 233-238
Monitoring the Interactions of Environmental Agents by Cell-Dependent Chemiluminescence: Studies with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons....Pages 239-242
Gel State Chemiluminescence: An Artificial Electron Transport System....Pages 243-247
Hydroperoxidation of Unsaturated Fatty Esters....Pages 249-254
Lipid Peroxidation and Retinal Phototoxic Degeneration....Pages 255-259
Production and Metabolism of Cytotoxic Phospholipids Generated during Incubation of Liposomes with Oxyhemoglobin....Pages 261-264
Lipid Peroxidation Dependent on Oxygen and Catalytic Free Iron Ions in Situ Storage Muscle Foods....Pages 265-282
A Unique Role of Histidine in Fe-Catalyzed Lipid Oxidation by Fish Sarcoplasmic Reticulum....Pages 283-289
Cholesterol Epoxidations by Defined Oxygen Species....Pages 291-300
Thermal Decomposition of Methyl Linoleate and Methyl Linolenate Hydroperoxides Analyzed by Capillary Gas Chromatography....Pages 301-306
Effect of Dietary Lipid Peroxides on Lymphoid Tissues....Pages 307-312
Implication of Protein Oxidation in Protein Turnover, Aging, and Oxygen Toxicity....Pages 313-317
Role of Oxidative Modification in the Lability of Ceruloplasmin....Pages 319-326
The Oxidative Modification of Lens Proteins....Pages 327-330
Degradation of the Proteoglycans of Human Articular Cartilage by Reactive Oxygen Metabolites....Pages 331-339
Free Radical Denaturation of Immunoglobulin G is due to Amino Acid Oxidation: Implications for Rheumatoid Arthritis....Pages 341-345
A Study of ROS Induced Denaturation of IgG3 Using Monoclonal Antibodies; Implications for Inflammatory Joint Disease....Pages 347-352
Oxy Radical-Initiated Protein S-Thiolation and Enzymic Dethiolation....Pages 353-356
Modification of Human Low Density Lipoprotein by Lipid Peroxidation....Pages 357-360
Is Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein Involved in the Recruitment and Retention of Monocyte/Macrophages in the Artery Wall during the Initiation of Atherosclerosis?....Pages 361-364
Copper and Copper-Nicotinic Acid Complexes Mediated Oxidation of High Density Lipoprotein....Pages 365-368
Oxidation of Human Low Density Lipoprotein Initiated by Copper(II)Chloride....Pages 369-373
Isolation and Partial Characterization of an Oxidized LDL in Humans....Pages 375-380
Coronary Disease: Spectroscopic Correlation of Structure and Size of Plasma Lipoproteins with Patient Clinical History....Pages 381-385
The Effect of Oxygen on the OH Radical-Induced Strand Break Formation of DNA In Vitro and In Vivo....Pages 387-390
Double Strand Breakage in DNA and Cellular Radiation Sensitivity: Linear Energy Transfer and the Oxygen Effect....Pages 391-396
Effect of ·OH Scavenging on the Yield of Radiation-Induced DNA Double-Strand Breaks in Isolated Nuclei....Pages 397-402
Sonochemistry of Nucleic Acid Constituents in Aqueous Solution: A Spin-Trapping Study....Pages 403-417
Gamma Radiolysis of RNA: An ESR and Spin-Trapping Study....Pages 419-428
Interactions of Oxygen and Sulfhydryls with Free Radicals in Irradiated Mammalian Cells....Pages 429-432
Oxygen Radicals, Lipid Peroxidation and DNA Damage in Mitochondria....Pages 433-436
Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Intermediates in the Mutagenicity of Tumor Promoters....Pages 437-439
Oxidative Damage to DNA in Adrenocortical Cells During Senescence in Culture....Pages 441-448
Substituted Phthalocyanines as Photodynamic Sensitizers....Pages 449-456
Effects of Singlet Oxygen on the Biological Activity of DNA and Its Involvement in Single Strand-Break Formation....Pages 457-460
Determination of 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine in Human Urine: a Possible Assay for in Vivo Oxidative DNA Damage....Pages 461-466
Urine Biomarkers for Oxidative DNA Damage....Pages 467-472
The Generation of Radicals during the Normal and Abnormal Functioning of Cytochromes P-450....Pages 473-477
Radical Intermediates in the Catalytic Cycles of Cytochrome P-450....Pages 479-482
Cytochrome P-450 Model Systems: Alkene Oxidation....Pages 483-489
Cytochrome P-448 Induction Restores the Propagation of •O 2 - -Induced Lipid Peroxidation in Hepatoma Microsomes....Pages 491-500
Generation of Superoxide by the Microsomal Mixed-Function Oxidase System....Pages 501-507
Membrane Permeability and Oxidant Induced Injury....Pages 509-512
The Measurement of Protein Degradation in Response to Oxidative Stress....Pages 513-516
Oxidative Modification of Enzymes During Aging and Acute Oxidative Stress....Pages 517-521
Oxidative Modification of Glutamine Synthetase: Covalent and Conformational Changes Which Control Susceptibility to Proteolysis....Pages 523-530
Role of Hemin in Oxidative Stress Induced by Divicine in Vitamin E-Deficient Rats....Pages 531-535
The Isolation and Partial Characterization of Stable H 2 O 2 -Resistant Variants of Chinese Hamster Fibroblasts....Pages 537-540
Reactive Oxygen Metabolites and Hyperoxic Toxicity....Pages 541-544
Inhibition of Peroxidation of Membranes....Pages 545-548
Cellular Protection Against Damage by Hydroperoxides: Role of Glutathione....Pages 549-552
A Secondary Antioxidant Defense Role for Proteolytic Systems....Pages 553-560
Radioprotection of Mice with Ascorbic Acid, Desferal and Mercaptoethylamine....Pages 561-566
Antiinflammatory, Analgesic, and Antiulcer Activities of Copper Complexes Suggest Their Use in a Physiologic Approach to Treatment of Arthritic Diseases....Pages 567-573
Tocopherol Behavior and Membrane Constituents in Erythrocytes with Oxidant Stress....Pages 575-585
Porcine Stress Syndrome, Free Radicals and Vitamin E....Pages 587-590
Increased Oxidation of Tocopherols in Chickens with Inherited Muscular Dystrophy....Pages 591-594
Vitamin E and Immune Functions....Pages 595-604
Beneficial Effect of Dietary Antioxidants on the Aging Immune System....Pages 605-609
Inclusion of Antioxidants in Resuscitation Fluids....Pages 611-614
Serum Antioxidant Activity as a Determinant of Pulmonary Dysfunction in Cigarette Smokers....Pages 615-620
Probing Enzyme-Substrate Recognition and Catalytic Mechanism in Cu,Zn Superoxide Dismutase....Pages 621-625
Bacterial Superoxide Dismutases....Pages 627-629
Extracellular-Superoxide Dismutase Association with Cell Surface-Bound Sulfated Glucosaminoglycans....Pages 631-634
Catalases—With and Without Heme....Pages 635-640
Glutathione Peroxidase....Pages 641-646
The Role of Glutathione Transferase in the Detoxication and Repair of Lipid and DNA Hydroperoxides....Pages 647-650
n-3 Fatty Acids and Hydroperoxide Activation of Fatty Acid Oxygenases....Pages 651-661
Sequence of Complementary DNA Encoding Human Extracellular-Superoxide Dismutase and Production of Recombinant Enzyme....Pages 663-668
A cSOD-Null Mutant of Drosophila Confers Sensitivity to Paraquat and Reduced Longevity....Pages 669-674
Induction of Superoxide Dismutase Activity by Paraquat or Edu in Human Gingival Fibroblasts....Pages 675-681
Superoxide Dismutase in Cultured Benign and Malignant Tumors of the Colon....Pages 683-687
Microinjection of Antioxidant Enzymes to Protect Cells from Oxygen Derived Free Radicals....Pages 689-693
Human Fibroblast Antioxidant Defense Response to Alteration in Oxygen Tension....Pages 695-698
Relationship Between the Antioxidant Enzyme DT-Diaphorase and Tumor Response to Mitomycin C Treatment....Pages 699-702
Microsomal Fatty Acid Composition and Ca 2+ Uptake Modifications Induced by Sod Depletion in Rat Liver....Pages 703-706
The Use of Oxygen Free Radical Scavengers in the Rat Peritonitis Model....Pages 707-711
Adaptations to Plant Pro-Oxidants in a Phytophagous Insect Model: Enzymatic Protection from Oxidative Stress....Pages 713-716
Mechanisms for the Generation of Oxygen Radicals by Drugs....Pages 717-720
Enhancement of Chemical Activation via Radical-Dependent Mechanisms: An Emerging Concept in Chemical-Chemical Interactions....Pages 721-724
Roles of Oxygen and Oxygen Substitutes in DNA Sugar Damage by Antitumor Antibiotics....Pages 725-728
Reduction of 5-Nitroimidazoles, Nitrofurazone, and 2,4-Dinitrophenol to their Free Radical Metabolites by Tritrichomonas Foetus Hydrogenosomes....Pages 729-738
Role of Free Radicals in Etoposide (Vp-16,213) Action....Pages 739-744
The Mechanism of Quinone Formation from Carcinogenic Benzo[a]Pyrene Mediated by Lipid Peroxidation in Liposomal Suspension....Pages 745-757
Lipid Peroxidation, Protein Thiols and Calcium Homeostasis in Bromobenzene-Induced Liver Damage....Pages 759-764
Vanadate Stimulation of Pyridine Nucleotide Oxidation in Mammalian Liver Microsomal Membranes....Pages 765-768
Mechanism of Oxidation of 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-3,3-Dihydropyridinium (MPDP + )....Pages 769-772
Reduction of Nitroheterocyclic Drugs by Ascorbate and Catecholamines: A Possible Mechanism for the Neurotoxicity of Nitroheterocyclic Drugs....Pages 773-776
Role of Active Oxygen in Paraquat and 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) Cytotoxicity....Pages 777-780
Free Radical Formation by Cytotoxic Alkylaminoanthraquinones in Liver Microsomes....Pages 781-785
Lipid Peroxidation and Haloalkylation in CCl 4 -Induced Liver Fatty Degeneration and Necrosis....Pages 787-794
Paraquat-Resistant HeLa Cells....Pages 795-801
The Respiratory Burst Oxidase....Pages 803-806
Reactions of Myeloperoxidase with Superoxide and Hydrogen Peroxide: Signficance for its Function in the Neutrophil....Pages 807-810
Bacterial Killing by Phagocytes: Potential Role(s) of Hypochlorous Acid and Hydrogen Peroxide in Protein Turnover, DNA Synthesis, and RNA Synthesis....Pages 811-814
Cellular Targets of H 2 O 2 and HOCl Induced Injury....Pages 815-821
Oxidative Modification of Enzymes by Stimulated Neutrophils....Pages 823-827
Oxidative Inactivation of Neutrophil Granule Proteinases: Implications for Neutrophil-Mediated Proteolysis....Pages 829-832
Effects of Alpha, Beta-Unsaturated Aldehydes on Macrophage and Neutrophil Membrane Function, Fluidity and Sulfhydryl Status....Pages 833-837
Latex Beads as Vehicles for the Study of Free Radical Processes in Phagocytic Cells....Pages 839-844
Superoxide Generation of Phagocytizing Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes from Patients with Chronic Renal Failure....Pages 845-848
Clastogenic Factor in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Protective Effect of Allopurinol....Pages 849-851
Inactivation of Creatine Phosphokinase by Superoxide during Reperfusion Injury....Pages 853-856
The Post Treatment Experiment: An Operational Definition of Reperfusion Injury....Pages 857-861
Mechanisms of Oxidant-Mediated Microvascular Injury Following Reperfusion of the Ischemic Intestine....Pages 863-867
The Amplificative Role of PAF-Acether in the Oxidative Stress Following Reperfusion of Ischemic Stomach....Pages 869-873
Equieffective Protection by Human and Bovine SOD Against Renal Reperfusion Damage in Rats....Pages 875-879
Potential of Methylene Blue to Block Oxygen Radical Generation in Reperfusion Injury....Pages 881-886
Superoxide Radical Release into the Cytoplasm of Heart Cells by an NADH-Driven Oxygen Activator....Pages 887-890
Detection and Measurement of Free Radical Generation during Cardiovascular Injury....Pages 891-894
Evidence That Free Radicals Result in Reperfusion Injury in Heart Muscle....Pages 895-898
Identification of Free Radical Species in the Myocardium....Pages 899-903
Abnormal Electrical Activity Induced by H 2 O 2 in Isolated Canine Myocytes....Pages 905-910
Role of Oxygen Radicals in Endotoxin Shock and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation....Pages 911-919
Plasma Lipid Peroxidation and Atherosclerosis in Restricted Ovulator Chickens....Pages 921-926
Enzymatic Lipid Peroxidation: A Step in the Breakdown of Mitochondria during the Maturation of Red Blood Cells....Pages 927-932
Myocardial Salvage by the Free Radical Scavenging Actions of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors....Pages 933-940
Oxygen Radical Scavengers and Myocardial Preservation during Transplantation: Role of Xanthine Oxidase....Pages 941-944
Endothelial Cells: A Source and Target of Oxidant Damage....Pages 945-949
The Role of Iron in Injury of Endothelial Cells in Vitro and in Vivo....Pages 951-955
Alterations in Cultured Rat Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Cells with Hyperoxia; Effect of Age....Pages 957-962
Lung Energy Metabolism Following Twenty-Four Hours Exposure to One Hundred Percent Oxygen....Pages 963-968
Prostaglandins and Leukotrienes in Pulmonary O 2 Toxicity....Pages 969-974
Lipid Peroxidation, Free Radicals and Experimental Inflammation....Pages 975-978
Inhibition by Prostacyclin Analogs of ·O 2 - Production in Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes....Pages 979-982
Kawasaki Disease, Oxygen Radicals and High Dose Gammaglobulin Therapy....Pages 983-986
An Endogenous Source of the Superoxide Anion in the Central Nervous System....Pages 987-990
Hydrogen Peroxide Production in Dopamine Neurons....Pages 991-995
Oxygen Radical-Mediated Damage to Brain Tissue....Pages 997-1003
Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy in the Rat....Pages 1005-1010
Selective Inhibition of Membrane Atpases by Hydrogen Peroxide in the Lens of the Eye....Pages 1011-1014
Anterior Chamber Hydrogen Peroxide: Effects of 3-Aminotriazole on Peroxide Kinetics and on the Status of Glutathione....Pages 1015-1023
Morphological Sequelae of Anterior Segment Hydrogen Peroxide in Young and Adult Rabbits with or Without 3-Aminotriazole Treatment....Pages 1025-1028
Corneal Oxygen Scavenging Systems: Lysis of Corneal Epithelial Cells by Superoxide Anions....Pages 1029-1033
The Role of Allopurinol and Oxygen Free Radical Scavengers in Liver Preservation....Pages 1035-1038
Prevention of Acute Renal Failure by SOD and Sucrose....Pages 1039-1042
The Aging Process....Pages 1043-1046
Influence of Life-Prolonging Food Restriction on Membrane Lipoperoxidation and Antioxidant Status....Pages 1047-1052
Back Matter....Pages 1053-1056
....Pages 1057-1065