Oxford Handbook of Sleep Medicine

Cover
Half Title
Series
Title
Copyright
Foreword
Contents
Detailed contents
Symbols and abbreviations
Contributors
Introduction
1 The neurobiological basis of sleep
	Definition
	Neuroanatomical and neurotransmitter basis of sleep
	Sleep, synaptic homeostasis, and memory
	Sleep and the glymphatic system
	Conclusion
2 General approach to sleep disorders
	Introduction
	Sleep assessment summary
	Taking a sleep history
	Useful clinical tools
	Clinical decision- making in sleep medicine
	Conclusion
3 Diagnostic tests in sleep medicine
	Introduction
	Pulse oximetry
	Respiratory polygraphy studies
	Video polysomnography
	Multiple sleep latency test (MSLT)
	Maintenance of wakefulness test (MWT)
	Oxford Sleep Resistance Test (OSLER)
	Actigraphy
	Conclusion
4 Clinical aspects of insomnia
	Introduction
	What is insomnia?
	Epidemiology
	Consequences of insomnia
	Diagnosis
	Treatment
5 Psychological therapies for insomnia
	Introduction
	Recommended psychological and behavioural therapies
	Summary of treatment components
	Outline of psychological and behavioural interventions
	Effectiveness of psychological and behavioural interventions
	Emerging treatment approaches
	Special populations
	Insomnia and hypnotics
	Contraindications
	Risks
	Treatment resistance
	Relapse prevention
6 Medical management of insomnia
	Introduction
	Neurotransmitters in insomnia treatment
	Mode of action of licensed hypnotics
	Drugs that act on GABAA receptors
	Melatonin and melatonin agonists
	Antihistamines
	Antidepressants
	Practical considerations when prescribing for insomnia
	Stopping hypnotics
7 Sleep- disordered breathing
	Introduction
	Classification
	Epidemiology
	Definition
	Clinical features
	Obstructive sleep apnoea
	Upper airway resistance syndrome
	Central sleep apnoea
	Hypoventilation
	Comorbidities of sleep- disordered breathing
8 Sleep- disordered breathing and its associations
	Introduction
	Obstructive sleep apnoea and cardiovascular disease
	Conclusion
9 Medical management of sleep- disordered breathing
	Introduction
	Continuous positive airway pressure for obstructive sleep apnoea
	Further options for the management of obstructive sleep apnoea
	Management of central sleep apnoea and obesity hypoventilation syndrome
10 Dental approaches to the management of sleep- disordered breathing
	Introduction
	History of oral appliances
	Oral appliance therapy
	Conclusion
11 Surgical approaches to the management of sleep- disordered breathing
	Introduction
	Clinical evaluation of the upper airway
	Surgical procedures for sleep- disordered breathing
	Recent advances in surgery for sleep- disordered breathing
12 Novel approaches for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea
	Introduction
	Electrical stimulation
	Transcutaneous electrical stimulation: a randomized controlled trial
	Hypoglossal nerve stimulation: a randomized controlled trial
	Ongoing studies and clinical trials
	Future research
	Patient and public involvement
	NICE guidance
	Further alternatives
13 Restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movement disorder
	Introduction
	Definition
	Epidemiology
	Clinical features
	Pathophysiology
	Management
14 Narcolepsy
	Introduction
	Narcolepsy type 1
	Narcolepsy type 2
15 Other hypersomnias
	Idiopathic hypersomnia
	Kleine– Levin syndrome (recurrent hypersomnia)
16 Circadian rhythm sleep– wake disorders
	Introduction
	Delayed sleep– wake phase disorder
	Advanced sleep– wake phase disorder
	Non- 24- hour sleep– wake rhythm disorder
	Irregular sleep– wake rhythm disorder
	Shift work disorder
	Jet lag disorder
17 Sleep walking and other NREM parasomnias
	Definition
	Diagnostic criteria
	Pathophysiology
	Epidemiology
	Clinical features
	Diagnostic testing
	Management
	Conclusion
18 REM sleep behaviour disorder
	Introduction
	Clinical features
	Diagnostic criteria
	The significance of RBD
	Pathophysiology
	Differential diagnosis
	Management
	Conclusion
19 Other parasomnias
	Introduction
	Sleep paralysis
	Sleep- related hallucinations
	Sleep- related rhythmic movement disorder
	Sleep- related bruxism
	Hypnic jerks (sleep starts)
	Alternating leg muscle activation and hypnagogic foot tremor
	Exploding head syndrome
	Propriospinal myoclonus at sleep onset
	Excessive fragmentary myoclonus
	Sleep- related painful erections
20 Insomnia in childhood
	Introduction
	Behavioural principles
	Sleep associations and night wakings
	Assessment
	Intervention
	Sleep- training methods
	Adolescent insomnia
21 Primary sleep problems in the typically developing child
	Introduction
	Sleep- related breathing disorders
	Partial arousal (NREM) parasomnias
	Movements in sleep
	Hypersomnias
	Circadian rhythm disorders
22 Paediatric neurodisability and sleep
	Introduction
	Goals of treatment
	General treatment approaches
	Specific neurodisabilities
23 Sleep and cognition
	Introduction
	Clinical features
	Sleep in older age
	Sleep disorders and cognition
	Sleep and dementia
24 Sleep and headache disorders
	Introduction
	Migraine
	Cluster headache
	Hypnic headache
	Sleep apnoea headache
	Exploding head syndrome
	Bruxism
	Secondary headaches
25 Sleep and epilepsy
	Introduction
	Circadian influence on cortical excitability and distribution of seizures
	Sleep- related epilepsy
	Sleep disorders exacerbating epilepsy
	Epilepsy and antiseizure treatment exacerbating sleep disorders
	Management
	Conclusion
26 Sleep and pain
	Introduction
	Drugs influencing sleep
	Coexisting symptoms complicating sleep
	Sleep complicating pain
	Possible management options
27 Sleep and psychiatric disorders
	Introduction
	Clinical considerations
28 Medications influencing sleep
	Introduction
	Drugs causing sleepiness
	Drugs causing insomnia
	Drugs used in sleep disorders
29 Sleep, the workplace, and driving
	Introduction
	Long- term consequences of shift work
	Mitigation strategies
	Sleepiness and driving
	Conclusion
Index