Oxford Guide to Imagery in Cognitive Therapy

Cover......Page 1
Contents......Page 18
Index of Illustrations......Page 24
Foreword......Page 26
Preface......Page 28
Invited essay: From ancient shamanic healing to twentyfirst century psychotherapy: the central role of imagery methods in effecting psychological change......Page 34
From ‘animal magnetism’ to psychotherapy......Page 35
Trauma reliving in the twentieth century......Page 36
Metaphoric imagery and imagery journeys......Page 38
Imagery in behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy......Page 40
Imagery within contemporary integrative approaches......Page 41
Case vignette: Finding a frightened child behind a case of (adult) panic disorder......Page 44
Part 1 Imagery in context......Page 46
Beck’s early research......Page 48
Dual belief systems......Page 49
The scientist–practitioner approach......Page 50
Conclusion......Page 51
Case vignette: Developing a realistic image of the future (to allay anxiety)......Page 52
Introduction......Page 54
General features of imagery......Page 55
Specific content of imagery across disorders......Page 61
Definitions and terms used in this book......Page 68
Conclusion......Page 71
Case vignette: Imagery as chronic pain catastrophizing: a flash-forward to the ‘worst’ possible outcome......Page 72
Introduction......Page 74
The impact of imagery on emotion......Page 75
Imagery and perceptual representations......Page 79
Imagery and autobiographical memory......Page 80
Experimental psychology and clinical psychology models: the distinction between imagery and verbal modes of processing......Page 81
Imagery’s influence on the perceived probability of events......Page 82
Links between experimental research and imagery techniques in clinical practice......Page 83
Future possible innovations from experimental research for imagery techniques......Page 85
Conclusion......Page 87
Case vignette: Using imaginal exposure to reduce intrusive memories of a negative life event in depression......Page 88
Introduction......Page 90
The purpose of imagery interventions......Page 91
Key components of imagery change techniques......Page 92
Conclusion......Page 101
Case vignette: Transforming an image to reflect a more positive future......Page 103
Part 2 Preparation for imagery interventions......Page 104
Planning/preparation for imagery interventions......Page 106
Experiencing/enacting imagery interventions......Page 109
Observing, reflecting, and following up imagery interventions......Page 114
Troubleshooting: difficulties which might emerge......Page 115
Conclusion......Page 117
Case vignette: Transforming an image of the ‘hereafter’......Page 118
Introduction......Page 120
Observing the presence of imagery and encouraging exploration......Page 121
Examining the imagery closely......Page 122
Identifying the encapsulated meanings......Page 123
Assessing metacognitive beliefs about having imagery......Page 124
Assessing the client’s response to the imagery......Page 126
Bringing the information together and moving towards the formulation......Page 127
Conclusion......Page 128
Case vignette: Using an image to explore the meanings of death and life......Page 129
Formulation in cognitive therapy......Page 132
Steps in imagery micro-formulation......Page 133
Extending micro-formulation to other types of imagery......Page 135
Conclusion......Page 137
Case vignette: Imagery rescripting to change the significance of an image in OCD......Page 138
Part 3 Imagery interventions: removing and transforming negative imagery......Page 140
Introduction......Page 142
Socialization......Page 143
Evocation and assessment......Page 144
Manipulation......Page 145
Discrimination......Page 148
Transformation......Page 151
The ‘emotional bridge’ technique: making a bridge to the past......Page 153
Conclusion......Page 155
Case vignette: Using imagery transformation to reduce anxiety: ‘sticks to roses’......Page 156
Introduction......Page 158
Socialization......Page 159
Evocation and assessment......Page 160
Micro-formulation......Page 165
Manipulation......Page 167
Discrimination......Page 168
Transformation......Page 171
Making an ‘emotional bridge’ to the past, to even earlier memories......Page 177
Creation......Page 178
Conclusion......Page 179
Case vignette: Imagery and imagery rescripting as spontaneous processes......Page 180
Introduction......Page 182
Socialization......Page 184
Evocation and assessment......Page 185
Manipulation......Page 188
Discrimination......Page 189
Transformation......Page 190
Creation......Page 192
Conclusion......Page 193
Case vignette: Imagery rescripting in the treatment of horror-based flashbacks......Page 194
Introduction......Page 196
Socialization......Page 197
Evocation and assessment......Page 198
Micro-formulation......Page 200
Manipulation......Page 203
Discrimination......Page 204
Transformation......Page 205
Extending the work with metaphorical images......Page 207
Making an emotional bridge to the past......Page 209
Conclusion......Page 210
Case vignette: Using metaphorical imagery to deal with a process issue in therapy......Page 211
Part 4 Imagery interventions: creating positive imagery......Page 212
Introduction......Page 214
Socialization......Page 217
Goal setting using positive imagery: image construction and mental simulation of strategies......Page 218
Skills training using positive imagery: the importance of imagery rehearsal......Page 221
Conclusion......Page 222
Case vignette: Use of strengths-based imagery......Page 224
Introduction......Page 226
Formulation......Page 228
Compassionate mind training......Page 229
The old system/new system approach......Page 235
COMET interventions......Page 237
Issues and difficulties in ‘new ways of being’ work......Page 240
Conclusion......Page 241
Case vignette: Using Perfect Nurturer imagery to work with shame-based memories......Page 242
Part 5 Concluding comments......Page 244
14 Future directions in working with imagery in cognitive therapy......Page 246
Case vignette: Imagery rescripting: reducing the sense of threat......Page 250
References......Page 252
B......Page 270
D......Page 271
F......Page 272
I......Page 273
M......Page 274
P......Page 275
S......Page 277
Y......Page 278