Oral Wound Healing

Oral Wound Healing......Page 1
Contents......Page 3
Contributors......Page 11
Preface......Page 15
CLOTTING AND INFLAMMATION CHAPTERS 2,3 AND 4......Page 16
RE- EPITHELIALIZATION AND GRANULATION TISSUE FORMATION CHAPTERS 5 AND 6......Page 17
ANGIOGENESIS CHAPTER 7......Page 18
FLAP DESIGN  FOR PERIODONTAL WOUND HEALING CHAPTER 9......Page 19
REGENERATION  OF PERIODONTAL TISSUES CHAPTERS 10 AND 11......Page 20
OSTEOINTEGRATION AND SOFT TISSUE HEALINGAROUND DENTAL IMPLANTS CHAPTER 12......Page 21
DERMAL WOUND HEALING AND BURN WOUNDS CHAPTER 14......Page 22
HEALING OF LARGE DENTOFACIAL DEFECTS CHAPTER 15......Page 23
REFERENCES......Page 24
INTRODUCTION......Page 25
PRIMARY HEMOSTASIS......Page 26
SECONDARY HEMOSTASIS AND THE COAGULATION SYSTEM......Page 27
TISSUE FACTOR......Page 30
OTHER COAGULATION FACTORS......Page 31
CELL-CENTRIC MODEL OF HEMOSTASIS: FROMINITIATION TO PROPAGATION......Page 32
THE PROCOAGULANT MEMBRANE......Page 34
PRO- AND ANTICOAGULANT FUNCTIONS......Page 36
PLATELETS......Page 38
LIMITATIONS OF THE WATERFALL CASCADE MODEL AND SCREENING LABORATORY TESTS......Page 40
Medical history......Page 41
Clinical examination......Page 43
Control of intra-operative/ primary bleeding......Page 44
Post-operative/ secondary bleeding......Page 45
REFERENCES......Page 46
THE INNATE  IMMUNE RESPONSE IN WOUNDS......Page 52
INFLAMMATORY CELL INFILTRATION  INTO WOUNDS......Page 53
Neutrophils......Page 54
Mast cells......Page 55
T lymphocytes......Page 56
CYTOKINES AND CHEMOKINES IN WOUNDS......Page 57
Interleukin-8 IL-8 or CXCL8......Page 58
Stromal cell-derived factor SDF-1 or CXCL12......Page 59
INFLAMMATION IN ORAL MUCOSAL WOUNDS......Page 60
INFLAMMATION  IN FETAL WOUNDS......Page 61
INFLAMMATION AND  DIABETIC WOUNDS......Page 62
REFERENCES......Page 63
INFLAMMATION: THE CARDINAL SIGNS......Page 69
COMPLETE RESOLUTION AND TISSUE HOMEOSTASIS IS THE IDEAL OUTCOME OF ACUTE INFLAMMATION......Page 70
LIPOXINS, RESOLVINS, PROTECTINS AND MARESINS: SEMPER VIGILANTES OF ANTI-INFLAMMATION AND PRO-RESOLUTION......Page 72
Resolvins......Page 74
Maresins......Page 77
RESOLUTION OF INFLAMMATION IS AN ACTIVELY REGULATED PROCESS IN  VIVO......Page 78
RESOLVINS AND PROTECTINS ARE PROTECTIVE IN EXPERIMENTAL MODELS OFINFLAMMATORY DISEASES......Page 79
SPECIALIZED PRO-RESOLVING LIPID MEDIATORS IN ORAL MEDICINE: RESTORATION OF TISSUE HOMEOSTASIS IN EXPERIMENTAL PERIODONTITIS......Page 82
ANTI-INFLAMMATION VS. PRO-RESOLUTION......Page 84
Resolution toxicity......Page 85
CONCLUSIONS......Page 86
REFERENCES......Page 87
KERATINOCYTES FORM A PROTECTIVE BARRIER BETWEEN  AN ORGANISM AND ITS ENVIRONMENT......Page 92
KERATINOCYTES ARE ACTIVATED RAPIDLY TO RESTORE THE EPITHELIAL BARRIER AFTER WOUNDING......Page 93
MANY  DIFFERENT FACTORS CONTRIBUTE  TO  RE-EPITHELIALIZATION......Page 95
Keratinocytes become exposed to novel extracellular matrix molecules in wounds......Page 96
Integrins are signaling molecules that mediate cell adhesionto extracellular matrix and  cell  migration......Page 98
Cytokines and growth factors are important mediators of wound  healing......Page 106
Serine proteases and matrix metalloproteinasesmodulate extracellular matrix and generate biologically active molecules......Page 113
Levels of divalent cations in the wound fluid affectre-epithelialization......Page 116
FINAL STAGES  OF RE-EPITHELIALIZATION......Page 117
CONCLUSIONS......Page 118
REFERENCES......Page 119
INTRODUCTION......Page 135
OVERVIEW  OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE RESPONSE TO WOUNDING......Page 136
ORIGIN AND  IDENTITY OF  WOUND FIBROBLASTS......Page 139
GRANULATION TISSUE  FORMATION......Page 144
Activation  of connective tissue cells......Page 145
Cell  proliferation......Page 148
Cell  migration......Page 151
Matrix deposition and wound contraction......Page 154
Transforming growth factor-b......Page 159
CONNECTIVE TISSUE REMODELING......Page 161
ECM  degradation......Page 162
ECM reorganization and increased stabilityby collagen cross-linking......Page 164
Downregulation  of  ECM  production......Page 165
RE-EMERGENCE OF QUIESCENT FIBROBLAST PHENOTYPE......Page 166
SPECIFIC FEATURES OF ORAL MUCOSAL WOUND  HEALING......Page 167
REFERENCES......Page 169
HOW  BLOOD VESSELS  DEVELOP......Page 184
EARLY MECHANISTIC INSIGHTS INTO THE ANGIOGENIC RESPONSE: FROM SOLID TUMORS TO CHRONIC INFLAMMATION  AND WOUND  HEALING......Page 186
THE ROLE OF OTHER INFLAMMATORY CELLS IN ANGIOGENESIS......Page 188
MATRIX MOLECULES......Page 189
VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH  FACTOR AND THE MODERN ERA OF ANGIOGENESIS RESEARCH......Page 190
SIGNALING NETWORKS OF POTENTIAL IMPORTANCE IN WOUND NEOVASCULARIZATION......Page 191
INHIBITORS OF ANGIOGENESIS: IMPORTANT COUNTERWEIGHTS IN WOUND NEOVASCULARIZATION......Page 193
THE  ROLE  OF ABERRANT WOUND ANGIOGENESIS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF  DIABETES MELLITUS......Page 195
CONCLUSIONS......Page 196
REFERENCES......Page 197
Histological aspects......Page 203
Clinical aspects......Page 207
Location  of  the edentulous  site......Page 210
HEALING  OF EXTRACTION SOCKETS FOLLOWING IMMEDIATE  IMPLANT PLACEMENT......Page 211
Clinical aspects......Page 212
Healing determinants of extraction sockets after immediate implant  placement......Page 214
Graft materials......Page 219
Barrier membranes......Page 223
Bioactive agents......Page 224
Combination of different reconstructive technologies......Page 225
REFERENCES......Page 231
FLAP MANAGEMENT, WOUND STABILITY AND PERIODONTAL REGENERATION......Page 237
Techniques without preservation of the interdental supracrestal soft tissues and with double flap elevation......Page 238
Techniques with preservation of the interdental supracrestal soft tissues and with double flap elevation......Page 239
Techniques with preservation of the interdental supracrestal soft tissues and with a single flap elevation: the Single Flap Approach......Page 241
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PERIODONTAL INTRAOSSEOUS DEFECTS: TECHNICAL HINTS......Page 245
CONCLUSIONS......Page 248
REFERENCES......Page 249
INTRODUCTION......Page 251
WOUND  HEALING......Page 252
PERIODONTAL WOUND  HEALING......Page 253
PERIODONTAL REGENERATION ? NEW  ATTACHMENT......Page 255
WOUND  STABILITY......Page 256
SPACE  PROVISION......Page 259
CONCLUSIONS......Page 264
REFERENCES......Page 265
ADJUNCT GROWTH FACTORS IN PERIODONTAL WOUND  REPAIR......Page 268
PDGF AND IGF-1  IN PERIODONTAL REGENERATION......Page 269
FGF-2  IN PERIODONTAL REGENERATION......Page 272
GROWTH AND DIFFERENTIATION FACTOR-5 IN PERIODONTAL REGENERATION......Page 273
BIOACTIVE COLLAGEN-DERIVED PEPTIDE IN               PERIODONTAL REGENERATION PEPGEN P-15®......Page 274
ENAMEL MATRIX PROTEINS IN PERIODONTAL REGENERATION  AND WOUND  HEALING......Page 276
STEM CELLS IN PERIODONTAL WOUND  HEALING......Page 280
REFERENCES......Page 282
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT......Page 293
TITANIUM ? THE METAL  OF  CHOICE......Page 296
PERI-IMPLANT  SOFT TISSUE  HEALING......Page 297
IMPLANT/PERI-IMPLANT  MUCOSA INTERFACE......Page 298
PERI-IMPLANT HARD TISSUE  HEALING......Page 300
FROM  HEALING  TO CLINICAL APPLICATION......Page 302
Destructive methods......Page 303
Non-destructive methods......Page 304
WOUND HEALING AND LOADING  PROTOCOLS......Page 308
CONCLUSIONS......Page 309
REFERENCES......Page 310
FROM GENERATION TO  REGENERATION......Page 318
The dentine?pulp complex......Page 319
The odontoblast: a key cell  for regenerative endodontics......Page 321
Pulpal  responses to injury......Page 325
AT THE MOLECULAR LEVEL......Page 328
Reparative dentinogenesis and pulp capping......Page 329
REFERENCES......Page 333
BURN INJURY......Page 338
Epidermis......Page 339
Skin vasculature......Page 340
BURN DEPTH......Page 341
Dermal burns......Page 342
WOUND HEALING......Page 343
Conservative treatment......Page 345
Surgical treatment......Page 346
SPECIAL FEATURES IN PERIORAL  BURNS......Page 347
CONCLUSIONS......Page 348
REFERENCES......Page 349
INTRODUCTION......Page 351
Secondary bone healing......Page 353
Growth factors......Page 354
Vasculoendothelial growth factor VEGF effects......Page 355
Angiogenesis......Page 356
Tent pole procedures......Page 359
Sinus lifting/lateral ridge augmentation......Page 363
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy HBOT......Page 375
Distraction osteogenesis......Page 376
The distracting dental implant......Page 381
Tissue engineering with growth factorsBMPs and VEGF......Page 382
Stimulating stem cells......Page 385
Future directions......Page 386
Maxillectomy cavities......Page 387
Wound infections necrotizing fasciitis......Page 391
CONCLUSIONS......Page 395
REFERENCES......Page 396
Index......Page 400