Open Distance Learning: Fundamentals, Developments, and Modelling

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface
Foreword
Acknowledgements
Chapter 1: Open Distance Learning
	1.1: The Concept of Open and Distance Learning
		1.1.1: Aspects of Open and Distance Learning in the Scale of European Union
		1.1.2: Analysis of the Openness Issue in Distance Learning Systems
		1.1.3: Conclusions
	1.2: Management Model of Open Distance Learning System
		1.2.1: Introduction
		1.2.2: Open and Distance Learning
		1.2.3: Hierarchical Structure of ODL
		1.2.4: Functional Scheme of Open System of Distance Learning
		1.2.5: Conclusion
	1.3: Student Life Cycle
		1.3.1: Proposition of the Student Life Cycle
		1.3.2: Conclusion
Chapter 2: Methods of Modelling of Competence
	2.1: The Meaning of the Concept of ‘Competence’
	2.2: Standards of Competence
	2.3: Competence Model for Project Management
	2.4: Competence‐Based Approach: Representation of the Structure and Range of Competence
Chapter 3: Team Project Process Oriented on Acquiring Competence
	3.1: New Educational Model Developed for Acquiring Project Team Competence
		3.1.1: Engineering in the Global World
	3.2: Scenario of the Learning Situation
		3.2.1: Orientation of the ODL Process on the Active Cooperation of Students and the Teacher
		3.2.2: Stating the Problem of Motivation in the Specific Learning Situation of ODL
	3.3: Team Project Process Oriented on Acquiring Competence
	3.4: Models of Competence in the Open Distance Learning System
		3.4.1: Types of Competence
		3.4.2: Description of the Structure of Summary Competencies
		3.4.3: Organisation of Collaboration of Specialists in Developing the Project
		3.4.4: Determining the Requirements for the Team Implementing the Specialty
		3.4.5: Statement of the Task of Selecting Competent Partners
		3.4.6: Analysis of the Partner Evaluation Criteria
		3.4.7: The Problem of the Quality of Developing and Implementing the Teaching–Learning Process
Chapter 4: Ontology Modelling in Open Distance Learning
	4.1: Ontology as a Method of Knowledge Representation
		4.1.1: Classification of Ontologies
		4.1.2: Generalisation of Ontology: Example
		4.1.3: Methods of Creation and Ontology Languages
		4.1.4: Kinds of Ontologies: Examples
		4.1.5: Criteria for Ontology Creation
		4.1.6: Conclusion
	4.2: Knowledge Representation in Open Distance Learning
		4.2.1: Knowledge in the Traditional and Distance Learning Process
		4.2.2: Content, Volume and Depth of Knowledge
	4.3: Ontological Scheme Formation for Knowledge Domain in ODL
		4.3.1: Concepts Network Creation Algorithm
		4.3.2: Didactic Materials Compilation Algorithm
		4.3.3: Concepts Network’s Relations
		4.3.4: Scheme of the Concepts Network Creation Algorithm
		4.3.5: Proposition for the Didactic Materials’ Compilation Algorithm
		4.3.6: Concepts Network Dimension Reduction
		4.3.7: Basic Concepts Selection Using the Student’s Profile
		4.3.8: Hierarchically Ordered Concepts Network
		4.3.9: Transformation of the Hierarchically Ordered Concepts Network
		4.3.10: Creation of Overlapping Portions
		4.3.11: Graph’s Clustering
		4.3.12: SCORM Framework
		4.3.13: Application
		4.3.14: Summary
	4.4: Case Study 1. Ontological Model of Relational Database of Intangible Production
		4.4.1: Requirements of the CIU Structure (3‐Normal Form)
		4.4.2: Structural Relations of Information Objects
		4.4.3: Example of Relational Database Model Development
		4.4.4: A Complex Information Object as a Connection between Simple Objects
		4.4.5: Elimination of Redundant M : M Relations between Information Objects in the Matrix of Relationships
		4.4.6: Canonical Form of the Relational Model
		4.4.7: Algorithm of Processing Adjacent Matrix P = ║pij║
		4.4.8: Example of the Project “Develop a Relational Database Model in the Given Subject Area”
		4.4.9: Typical Queries and Needed for Their Implementation of Functional Links
		4.4.10: Conclusion
	4.5: Case Study 2. Ontological Model of the Object‐Oriented Database ...
		4.5.1: Problem of Compatibility of Competencies in Professional Learning
		4.5.2: Ontological Model of Object‐Oriented Database
		4.5.3: Conclusions
	4.6: Case Study 3: Ontological Model of Supply Chain Management
		4.6.1: What Is Supply Chain Management?
		4.6.2: Mathematical Model of an Enterprise
		4.6.3: Ontological Model of Distributed Supply Chain (DSC)
		4.6.4: Mathematical Procedures of a DSC Ontological Model
	4.7: Conclusion
Chapter 5: Motivation Modelling in Open Distance Learning
	5.1: Competence‐Based Open Distance Learning
		5.1.1: Introduction
	5.2: The Need for Active Cooperation of Students and Teachers in ODL
	5.3: Interpretation of the Motivation Model of Learning Processes
	5.4: Statement of the Motivation Problem in a Particular ODL Situation
		5.4.1: Basic Components of the Learning Situation
		5.4.2: Decision Parameters
		5.4.3: Criterion and Objective Functions
	5.5: Motivation Model Interpretation in Terms of Game Theory
	5.6: The Procedure for the Acquisition of Personal Competence
		5.6.1: The Algorithm Acquisition of Competencies
		5.6.2: Ontological Graph of the Course Consistent with the Structure of Competence
	5.7: The Linguistic Database as a Tool Supporting the Level of Student Motivation
Chapter 6: Collaboration Modelling in Open Distance Learning
	6.1: Representation of Competence as a Classical and Fuzzy Set
		6.1.1: Introduction
		6.1.2: Representation of Competence as a Classical Set
		6.1.3: Representation of Competence as a Fuzzy Set
		6.1.4: The Power of Competence
		6.1.5: Relationship and Basic Competence
		6.1.6: Potential for Competence
		6.1.7: The Critical Level of Potential for Competence
	6.2: Team Collaboration Model and Method of Analysis of the Cost Extending Competence
		6.2.1: Methods of Analysis of the Cost of Expanding Set of Competencies
		6.2.2: Team Collaboration Model and Competence Expansion Algorithm to Perform the Project Task
		6.2.3: Case Study
		6.2.4: Summary
	6.3: Cost Estimation Algorithm and Decision‐Making Model for Curriculum Modification in Educational Organisation
	6.4: Conceptualisation of the Curriculum Modification Decision Model
	6.5: Functional Schema of Educational Organisation
	6.6: Model of the Decision Support System for Curriculum Modification
		6.6.1: Competence Representation Model
		6.6.2: Group Competence Expansion Algorithm
	6.7: Case Study
		6.7.1: Preliminary Expansion Phase
		6.7.2: Main Expansion Phase
	6.8: Summary
Chapter 7: Incentive Model of a Project Learning Process
	7.1: Introduction
	7.2: Stating the Incentive Problem in a Specific Education Situation
	7.3: Formal Model of the Competence‐Oriented Project Learning Process
	7.4: Incentive Mechanism in a Multiple‐Agent System
		7.4.1: Stimulation in a Simple Organisational System
		7.4.2: Incentive Model of Multiple Systems
		7.4.3: Incentive Mechanism in Multiple System, Where the Reward of Each Agent Doesn’t Depend on the Actions of All Other Agents
		7.4.4: Incentive Mechanism in a Multi‐System, Where the Reward of Each Agent Depends on the Actions of all Other Agents
		7.4.5: Summary
Chapter 8: Simulation Experiments as a Ground for Acquiring Competencies in the ODL Environment
	8.1: Problem Analysis
	8.2: Problem Statement
	8.3: Formulation of a Mathematical Model
	8.4: Methodology for Developing a Simulation Model
		8.4.1: The Statement of a Simulation Experiment
		8.4.2: The Algorithm for Determining Simulation Experiment Settings
		8.4.3: The Process of Adapting the Methodology of the Simulation Experiment to Didactical Purposes
	8.5: Supply Chain in the Learning Management System
		8.5.1: Supply Chain and Corporate Network in a Distance Learning Environment
		8.5.2: An Integrated Model of a Supply Chain in an Educational Organisation
		8.5.3: The Conceptual Model of the Production System
	8.6: The Problem of Optimisation of the Structure and Parameters of the Supply Chain
	8.7: Queuing Modelling of a Supply Chain in the Learning Management System
		8.7.1: Structure of a Closed Supply Chain
		8.7.2: Statement of the Task
		8.7.3: Method of Solution
		8.7.4: Conclusion
	8.8: Simulation Model of Teacher and Student Collaboration
	8.9: Conclusion
Chapter 9: Conclusions
Glossary
References
Index