One Life at a Time: Helping Skills and Interventions

Book Cover......Page 1
Half Title......Page 2
Title......Page 3
Copyright......Page 4
Contents......Page 5
Preface......Page 6
About the Authors......Page 10
PART I......Page 11
READING MINDS AND OTHER SUPERPOWERS......Page 12
MY PSYCHIC POWERS......Page 13
SECRETS REVEALED......Page 14
HOW THERAPISTS ENHANCE THEIR MAGIC......Page 16
POWER AND INFLUENCE......Page 17
YOU GOTTA BE DESPERATE......Page 19
IT’S ALL ABOUT LEVERAGE......Page 20
AMATEURS VERSUS PROFESSIONALS......Page 21
Altered States of Consciousness......Page 22
Placebo Effects......Page 23
Cathartic Processes......Page 24
Using Intuition......Page 25
THE PERFECT COUNSELING STUDENT......Page 26
APPLICATIONS TO SELF: INCORPORATING SKILLS INTO YOUR DAILY LIFE......Page 28
SUMMARY......Page 29
SUGGESTED READINGS......Page 30
CHAPTER 2 Clients in Need: Individual, Social, and Cultural Factors......Page 31
CULTURAL CONTEXT OF THE CLIENT EXPERIENCE......Page 32
CULTURAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES......Page 33
BECOME FAMILIAR WITH CULTURAL DIFFERENCES......Page 34
Gender......Page 36
Sexual Orientation......Page 37
Ethnicity......Page 38
Check Out Level of Acculturation......Page 39
Review Cultural Norms......Page 40
Consider Views of Culture Toward Treatment......Page 42
Respecting Client Beliefs......Page 43
OVERVIEW OF A CLIENT CONCERN......Page 44
ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN THE PRACTICE OF HELPING SKILLS......Page 45
Ethical Considerations Applied to Practice......Page 46
HOW TO BE A GOOD CLIENT......Page 49
DECISIONS, DECISIONS......Page 51
APPLICATIONS TO SELF: WHO YOU ARE VERSUS WHAT YOU DO......Page 52
SUGGESTED READINGS......Page 54
THEORIES AND THEIR OFFSPRING......Page 56
What Using a Theory Looks Like......Page 57
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS AND MODELS OF PRACTICE......Page 61
STAGES IN THE PROCESS......Page 63
AN INTEGRATED MODEL......Page 64
1. The Beginning Stage......Page 67
2. Exploration and Understanding......Page 68
3. Action Stage......Page 72
4. Integration......Page 74
APPLICATIONS TO SELF: CHOOSING AND USING A THEORY......Page 75
A CHECK ON WHAT YOU LEARNED......Page 77
SUGGESTED READINGS......Page 78
PART II......Page 79
USES OF THE THERAPEUTIC RELATIONSHIP......Page 80
Interpersonal Engagement......Page 81
Unfinished Business......Page 82
Personal Support System......Page 83
Enforcement of Boundaries......Page 84
Authentic Engagement......Page 86
ABOUT EMPATHY......Page 87
When Empathy Hurts......Page 88
Protect Yourself......Page 89
You Are Watching the Client: Reading Nonverbal Behavior......Page 90
Reading Body Language Skills......Page 91
What’s Beneficial About These Listening Skills?......Page 93
Attending Skills......Page 94
Passive Listening......Page 95
Internal Assessments......Page 96
BEFORE YOU BEGIN......Page 98
Using Minimal Verbal Encouragers or Nodding Too Much......Page 99
Staring Too Much......Page 100
Applications to Self: The Effects on All of Your Relationships......Page 101
A CHECK ON WHAT YOU LEARNED......Page 102
SUGGESTED READINGS......Page 103
MENTAL STATUS EXAM......Page 104
THE BASICS OF CONDUCTING AN INTAKE INTERVIEW......Page 105
The Greeting......Page 106
Taking Care of Ground Rules......Page 107
Checking and Correcting Client Expectations......Page 108
Exploring the Presenting Complaint......Page 109
Discuss the Treatment Plan......Page 110
STRUCTURED INTAKE INTERVIEWS......Page 111
A Reality-Based Counterpoint......Page 112
SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS IN ASSESSING ALCOHOL AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE......Page 113
SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS IN ASSESSING PHYSICAL OR SEXUAL ABUSE......Page 114
SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR HIGH SUICIDE RISK......Page 115
Some Useful Clinical Instruments......Page 116
MODELS OF DIAGNOSIS......Page 118
Learning the DSM......Page 119
REMEMBERING WHAT YOU SEE AND HEAR......Page 120
PITFALLS AND COMMON MISTAKES......Page 122
A Personal Tale of Woe......Page 123
Thinking Too Much Instead of Listening......Page 124
Trying to Do Too Much......Page 125
Failing to Collect Relevant Information......Page 126
Forgetting to Find Out How You’re Doing......Page 127
Misdiagnosing......Page 128
Trying to Fix the Problem......Page 129
Liking or Disliking the Client Too Much......Page 131
Applications to Self: Diagnosing in a Variety of Settings......Page 132
A CHECK ON WHAT YOU LEARNED......Page 133
SUGGESTED READINGS......Page 134
AN OVERVIEW OF THE EXPLORATION PHASE......Page 135
STRUCTURING THE CONVERSATIONS......Page 136
OPENING WITH THE STORY......Page 137
When to Ask Questions......Page 138
Good and Bad Questions......Page 139
Open Versus Closed......Page 140
REFLECTIVE SKILLS......Page 142
Reflecting Content......Page 144
Reflecting Feelings......Page 147
Try It Yourself......Page 151
PUTTING REFLECTIVE SKILLS TOGETHER......Page 152
EXPLORING THE PAST......Page 154
SUMMARIZING THEMES......Page 156
PITFALLS AND COMMON MISTAKES......Page 157
Freezing......Page 158
Being Too Cautious......Page 159
Trying to Solve the Problem Too Quickly......Page 160
Asking Too Many Questions......Page 161
Raising Your Voice......Page 162
Using Impersonal Reflections......Page 163
Reflecting Projected Feelings......Page 164
Going in Circles......Page 165
APPLICATIONS TO SELF: LEARNING TO REFLECT WILL CHANGE YOU......Page 166
SUGGESTED READINGS......Page 167
CHAPTER 7 Promoting Understanding and Insight......Page 169
THE LIMITS OF INSIGHT......Page 170
SELECTED SKILLS FOR PROMOTING UNDERSTANDING......Page 172
Confrontation......Page 173
Disputing Beliefs......Page 174
Interpretation......Page 177
Providing Information......Page 179
Giving Feedback......Page 181
Silence......Page 185
Self-Disclosure......Page 186
Teaching Tales......Page 187
WHAT HAPPENS NEXT?......Page 189
Following Your Own Agenda......Page 190
Interpreting Too Much......Page 191
Inappropriate Use of Self-Disclosure......Page 192
APPLICATIONS TO SELF: YOU’RE ALREADY DOING THIS STUFF......Page 193
A CHECK ON WHAT YOU LEARNED......Page 195
SUGGESTED READINGS......Page 196
CHAPTER 8 Facilitating Action......Page 197
DEALING WITH RESISTANCE......Page 198
Teaching Goal Setting to Clients......Page 201
Negotiating Mutually Determined Goals......Page 202
Structuring Goals That Are Attainable......Page 203
Developing Specific Assignments......Page 204
GENERATING ALTERNATIVES......Page 206
REINFORCING BEHAVIOR......Page 208
USING ROLE-PLAYING......Page 209
USING THE EMPTY CHAIR......Page 212
USING THE TRANSFERENCE......Page 214
RELAXATION TRAINING......Page 215
USING REHEARSAL AND IMAGERY......Page 218
BIBLIOTHERAPY......Page 220
Overpersonalization......Page 221
Being Impatient......Page 222
Reinforcing Too Much......Page 223
Not Following Up on Homework Assignments......Page 224
SUMMARY......Page 225
SUGGESTED READINGS......Page 226
SOME ASSESSMENT CHALLENGES......Page 227
SKILLS OF EVALUATING OUTCOMES AND MEASURING RESULTS......Page 228
Journaling......Page 229
Recording Progress......Page 232
Discourse Analysis......Page 234
Consultation......Page 235
ENDING THERAPY EFFECTIVELY......Page 236
Summarizing Themes and Reviewing Content......Page 237
Identifying Unfinished Business......Page 239
Constructing a Plan......Page 240
Handling Relapses......Page 241
Forgetting to Evaluate Your Progress......Page 243
Terminating Prematurely......Page 244
Not Reminding the Client of Upcoming Termination......Page 246
APPLICATIONS TO SELF: CLOSURE ON CLOSURE......Page 247
A CHECK ON WHAT YOU LEARNED......Page 248
SUGGESTED READINGS......Page 249
PART III......Page 250
A DIFFERENT WAY OF LOOKING AT THINGS......Page 251
Circular Causality......Page 252
STRUCTURING A FAMILY INTERVIEW......Page 253
Join the Family......Page 254
Assess Family Dynamics......Page 255
Doing a Couples Assessment......Page 256
Form Diagnostic Impressions......Page 258
Set Up Rules and Boundaries......Page 259
Get Everyone Involved......Page 260
Sex Therapy Skills......Page 261
CHILD COUNSELING SKILLS......Page 263
Mediation Skills......Page 264
Consultation Skills......Page 266
Personal Coaching......Page 267
Assuming You Can’t Change Your Client Format......Page 268
Aligning With One Person or Against Another Person......Page 269
Leading the Child Too Much......Page 270
APPLICATIONS TO SELF: AWARENESS OF YOUR OWN FAMILY DYNAMICS......Page 272
SUGGESTED READINGS......Page 273
GROUP STAGE DEVELOPMENT......Page 275
GROUP DYNAMICS......Page 276
GROUP TREATMENT APPROACHES......Page 277
Building Cohesion......Page 278
Modeling......Page 279
Linking......Page 280
Scanning......Page 281
Blocking......Page 282
Facilitating Feedback......Page 284
WORKING WITH A CO-LEADER......Page 286
Informed Consent......Page 287
Trying to Do Too Much......Page 288
Not Dealing With Silence Well......Page 289
Not Working Well With a Co-leader......Page 290
Not Balancing Individual Needs and the Needs of the Group......Page 291
APPLICATIONS TO SELF: YOU ARE ALREADY IN A GROUP......Page 292
A CHECK ON WHAT YOU LEARNED......Page 294
SUGGESTED READINGS......Page 295
CHAPTER 12 Where to Go Next......Page 296
Watch Videos of the Masters......Page 299
Get Tapes Critiqued......Page 300
Be a Good Consumer of Supervision......Page 301
Practice Everywhere......Page 302
Be Gentle With Yourself......Page 303
SUGGESTED READINGS......Page 304
Answers to “A Check on What You Learned”......Page 305
References......Page 310
Index......Page 315