On Apologising in Negative and Positive Politeness Cultures

On Apologising in Negative and Positive Politeness Cultures......Page 2
Editorial page......Page 3
Title page......Page 4
LCC data......Page 5
Table of contents......Page 6
Abbreviations, figures, tables......Page 10
Preface......Page 12
1.1 Ordinary language philosophy......Page 18
1.2 Brown and Levinson’s politeness theory......Page 22
1.3 Problems with and alternatives to Brown and Levinson’s theory......Page 23
1.4 Postmodern theories vs. cross-cultural research......Page 28
1.5 The present study......Page 31
2.1 Culture in politeness research......Page 34
2.2 Defining culture......Page 36
2.3 Culture-specific perception of social variables......Page 38
2.4 Positive vs. negative politeness cultures......Page 46
3.1 Classifying apologies......Page 56
3.2 Defining apologies......Page 58
3.3 Applying Brown and Levinson’s theory to apologies......Page 60
3.4 Analysing apologies......Page 67
4.1 Cross-cultural research on English apologies......Page 72
4.2 Research on Polish and Russian apologies......Page 73
5.1 DCTs vs. naturally occurring speech......Page 78
5.2 Alternative ways of collecting spoken data......Page 85
6.1 Designing the DCT......Page 92
6.2 Translating the DCT......Page 97
6.3 Testing and refining the DCT......Page 99
6.4 The subjects and the data......Page 100
7.2 Distribution across languages......Page 104
7.3 IFID realisations across languages......Page 106
7.4 IFID realisations contrasted......Page 113
7.5 Apologies across cultures......Page 118
7.6 Syntactic frames......Page 124
7.7 Intensifiers......Page 132
7.8 Evaluation......Page 136
8.1 Apologies and the acceptance of responsibility......Page 142
8.2 Accounts across scenarios......Page 161
8.3 Evaluation......Page 185
9.1 Definition......Page 190
9.2 Offer of repair......Page 191
9.3 Promise of forbearance......Page 207
9.4 Concern for hearer......Page 209
9.5 Evaluation......Page 212
10. On the culture-specificity of apologies......Page 216
10.1 Beyond the speech act set......Page 217
10.2 Contextual conditions and strategy choice......Page 227
10.3 Positive vs. negative face in apologising......Page 245
10.4 Evaluation......Page 266
11.1 Main findings......Page 270
11.2 Suggestions for future research......Page 273
Appendices......Page 280
Notes......Page 286
References......Page 290
Index......Page 306
The Pragmatics & Beyond New Series......Page 308