Observatories in Earth Orbit and Beyond: Proceedings of the 123RD Colloquium of the International Astronomical Union, Held in Greenbelt, Maryland, U.S.A., April 24–27,1990

Front Matter....Pages i-xii
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
The Hubble Space Telescope....Pages 3-7
Early Results From The Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE)....Pages 9-18
The Status of the Dirbe Instrument on the COBE....Pages 19-19
The Automatic Spacecraft Granat ....Pages 21-25
The Hipparcos Mission: Will it be a Scientific Success?....Pages 27-33
The International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE)....Pages 35-40
X-Ray Astronomy Satellite Ginga....Pages 41-48
Extreme and Far Ultraviolet Astronomy from Voyagers 1 and 2....Pages 49-57
Front Matter....Pages 59-59
Röntgen Satellite....Pages 61-62
The Gamma-Ray Observatory....Pages 63-70
The Advanced X-Ray Astrophysics Facility....Pages 71-79
The Astro-D Mission....Pages 81-87
The X-Ray Timing Explorer....Pages 89-110
The Joint European Telescope for X-Ray Astronomy (Jet-X)....Pages 111-118
Sodart Telescope on Spectrum-Röntgen-Gamma and its Instrumentation....Pages 119-128
ESA’s X-Ray Astronomy Mission, XMM....Pages 129-140
The Sax Mission for X-Ray Astronomy....Pages 141-150
The Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer Mission....Pages 153-169
Lyman the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer....Pages 171-176
Far and Extreme Ultraviolet Astronomy with ORFEUS....Pages 177-184
Front Matter....Pages 59-59
International VLBI Satellite (IVS)....Pages 255-262
VSOP, A Space VLBI Programme....Pages 263-269
VLBI with TDRSS....Pages 271-274
Soho — An Observatory to Study the Solar Interior and the Solar Atmosphere....Pages 277-284
An Overview of the Orbiting Solar Laboratory....Pages 285-285
The Planetenteleskop Mission....Pages 286-286
The Astrometric Imaging Telescope: Near-Term Discovery and Study of Other Planetary Systems....Pages 287-287
Ultraviolet Polarimetry....Pages 291-291
The Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope....Pages 292-292
The Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope for Astro 1....Pages 293-293
The Broad Band X-Ray Telescope (BBXRT) on Astro-1....Pages 294-294
The SPECTRUM-UV Project....Pages 185-190
Future Solar System Missions....Pages 297-306
The Ulysses Mission in the High Latitude Heliosphere....Pages 307-313
The Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF)....Pages 193-203
The Infrared Space Observatory....Pages 205-214
IRTS: Infrared Telescope in Space....Pages 215-222
First — Far Infrared and Submillimetre Space Telescope....Pages 223-230
A Submillimeter Mission for the 1990s: SMMM....Pages 231-249
The Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite....Pages 251-251
Front Matter....Pages 59-59
Science Operations for Future Space Astrophysics Missions....Pages 317-321
Front Matter....Pages 323-323
United States Launch Vehicle Systems....Pages 325-332
ESA’s Space Transportation Programme....Pages 333-338
Launch Vehicles of ISAS....Pages 339-342
U.S.S.R. Launch Systems....Pages 343-343
Launch Vehicles of the Future: Earth to Near-Earth Space....Pages 347-354
Future Deep Space Propulsion Systems....Pages 355-362
Front Matter....Pages 363-363
Lunar-Based Astronomy....Pages 365-375
Relative Merits of Low-Earth, Eccentric, Geosynchronous, and Interplanetary Orbits and Sites in Space....Pages 377-379
Humanity or Robotics in Space?....Pages 380-380
Astrophysics from the Moon....Pages 381-390
Use of Libration-Point Orbits for Space Observatories....Pages 391-395
Major Observatories Versus Economy-Class Observatories in Space....Pages 399-405
Front Matter....Pages 407-407
Does Theory Advance with Technology?....Pages 409-412
Occultation Astronomy....Pages 413-415
Comments....Pages 417-419
The Astrophysics of the Future....Pages 421-426
Evolution of the Unsolved Problems....Pages 427-430
Front Matter....Pages 431-431
Sixa: The Solid State Spectrometer Array Onboard Spectrum-X-Gamma....Pages 433-438
The X-Ray Large Array....Pages 439-442
Front Matter....Pages 431-431
The Stellar X-Ray Polarimeter for the SPECTRUM-X-Gamma Mission....Pages 443-449
The All-Sky Extragalactic X-Ray Foreground....Pages 451-455
A Low Energy Gas Scintillation Proportional Counter for the SAX-X-Ray Astronomy Satellite....Pages 457-461
The EXOSAT Results Database....Pages 462-462
An X-Ray All Sky Monitor for a Japanese Experimental Module on the Space Station....Pages 463-468
The Astro Mission....Pages 469-469
The UV Imager for the Israeli Scientific Satellite....Pages 471-474
ORFEUS-SPAS: The Berkeley Euv Spectrometer....Pages 475-480
An Observatory for Mapping the Far Uv Diffuse Galactic Emission Line Background....Pages 481-486
Project of a Three Reflection Telescope for Wide Field Ultraviolet Observations....Pages 487-491
SANTA MARIA: An Orbiting Multispectral Observatory....Pages 493-496
Cryogenic Testing of Optics for ISOCAM....Pages 497-499
EDISON: A Second Generation Infrared Space Observatory....Pages 501-505
Merits of Space VLBI Missions for Geodynamics....Pages 507-507
Low Frequency Radio Astronomy from Earth Orbit....Pages 508-508
High-Resolution Imaging Spectroscopy at Terahertz Frequencies....Pages 509-515
Science Observations with the IUE Using the One Gyro Mode....Pages 517-520
New Methods of Determining Spacecraft Attitude....Pages 521-524
Knowledge Based Automated Scheduling and Planning Tools for IUE....Pages 525-530
Earth Observation System Plans of India....Pages 531-531
Front Matter....Pages 431-431
The Stability of the Planetary Triangular Lagrange Points....Pages 533-536
Cosmic Rays and the Dynamic Balance in the Large Magellanic Cloud....Pages 537-541
Limitations of Observational Cosmology....Pages 543-550
Structure of Radiatively Cooled Jets....Pages 551-554
A New Way for Testing of Light Deflection in Earth Orbit or Beyond....Pages 555-558
Studying the Galactic Central Engine from Space Observatories....Pages 559-561
Back Matter....Pages 563-572