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ویرایش: 11 نویسندگان: Melvin Williams, Eric Rawson, David Branch سری: ISBN (شابک) : 0078021359, 9780078021350 ناشر: McGraw-Hill Education سال نشر: 2016 تعداد صفحات: 705 زبان: English فرمت فایل : PDF (درصورت درخواست کاربر به PDF، EPUB یا AZW3 تبدیل می شود) حجم فایل: 22 مگابایت
در صورت تبدیل فایل کتاب Nutrition for Health, Fitness and Sport به فرمت های PDF، EPUB، AZW3، MOBI و یا DJVU می توانید به پشتیبان اطلاع دهید تا فایل مورد نظر را تبدیل نمایند.
توجه داشته باشید کتاب تغذیه برای سلامتی ، تناسب اندام و ورزش نسخه زبان اصلی می باشد و کتاب ترجمه شده به فارسی نمی باشد. وبسایت اینترنشنال لایبرری ارائه دهنده کتاب های زبان اصلی می باشد و هیچ گونه کتاب ترجمه شده یا نوشته شده به فارسی را ارائه نمی دهد.
حاوی کارت دسترسی نیست. تغذیه برای سلامتی، تناسب اندام و ورزش، که اکنون در یازدهمین ویرایش خود قرار دارد، پوشش کاملی از نقش تغذیه در افزایش سلامت، تناسب اندام و عملکرد ورزشی در اختیار خواننده قرار می دهد. تحقیقات فعلی و فعالیت های عملی در سراسر گنجانده شده است. این نسخه از اضافه شدن نویسنده، جی. دیوید برانچ، همراه با بازگشت نویسنده اریک اس. راوسون از ویرایش دهم استقبال می کند، که هر دو فعالانه در رشته های فیزیولوژی ورزشی و تغذیه ورزشی شرکت دارند و از این کتاب درسی استفاده کرده اند. در طول سال ها برای تدریس در کلاس های دانشگاهی خود. نسخه یازدهم واقعاً به سمت ترکیب آخرین فناوری برای افراد برای استفاده در ترکیب انتخابهای تغذیهای و ورزشی برای سلامتی و عملکرد ورزشی حرکت میکند. اطلاعات تغذیه ای ویژه شامل مقدمه ای بر موضع آکادمی تغذیه و رژیم غذایی در رویکرد کلی به تغذیه سالم و آخرین گزارش دستورالعمل های رژیم غذایی برای آمریکایی ها است، در حالی که محتوای ویژه ورزش و فعالیت بدنی شامل مقدمه ای بر تمرینات تناوبی با شدت بالا (HITT) است. ) و کاربرد احتمالی آن برای ورزش برای سلامتی، همراه با مجموعه فعالیت های بدنی. بحث پیشرفته در مورد آخرین روند برنامههای ورزشی مختلف (برنامهها) و تجهیزات اندازهگیری تناسب اندام دیجیتال شخصی، مانند نوارهای تناسب اندام و ساعتهای تناسب اندام نیز از ویژگیهای بارز نسخه یازدهم هستند. بیش از 300 مرجع جدید، از جمله مطالعات بالینی، بررسی ها و متاآنالیزها نیز به متن اضافه شده است.
Does not contain an access card. Nutrition for Health, Fitness & Sport, now in its Eleventh edition, provides the reader with thorough coverage of the role nutrition plays in enhancing one’s health, fitness, and sport performance. Current research and practical activities are incorporated throughout. This edition welcomes the addition of author, J. David Branch, along with the return of author Eric S. Rawson from the tenth edition, both of whom are actively involved in the disciplines of exercise physiology and sports nutrition, and who have used this textbook over the years to teach their university classes. The eleventh edition truly moves into blending the latest technology for individuals to utilize in combining nutritional and exercise choices for health and sports performance. Featured nutritional information includes the introduction to the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics position stand on the total approach to healthy eating and to the latest report on Dietary Guidelines for Americans, while exercise and physical activity featured content includes the introduction to High Intensity Interval Training (HITT) and its possible application to exercise for health, along with the Compendium of Physical Activities. Enhanced discussion of the latest trends of various exercise applications (apps) and personal digital fitness measurement equipment, such as fitness bands and fitness watches, are also hallmarks of the eleventh edition. More than 300 new references, including clinical studies, reviews, and meta-analyses, have also been added to the text.
cover Nutrition For Health, Fitness & Sport Brief Contents Contents Preface Chapter One Introduction to Nutrition for Health, Fitness, and Sports Performance Health-Related Fitness: Exercise and Nutrition Exercise and Health-Related Fitness What is health-related fitness? What are the basic principles of exercise training? What is the role of exercise in health promotion? How does exercise enhance health? Do most of us exercise enough? How much physical activity is enough for health benefits? Am I exercising enough? Can too much exercise be harmful to my health? Nutrition and Health-Related Fitness What is nutrition? What is the role of nutrition in health promotion? Do we eat right? What are some general guidelines for healthy eating? Am I eating right? Are there additional health benefits when both exercise and diet habits are improved? Sports-Related Fitness: Exercise and Nutrition What is sports-related fitness? What is sports nutrition? Is sports nutrition a profession? Are athletes today receiving adequate nutrition? Why are some athletes malnourished? How does nutrition affect athletic performance? What should athletes eat to help optimize sport performance? Ergogenic Aids and Sports Performance: Beyond Training What is an ergogenic aid? Why are nutritional ergogenics so popular? Are nutritional ergogenics effective? Are nutritional ergogenics safe? Are nutritional ergogenics legal? Where can I find more detailed information on sports supplements? Nutritional Quackery in Health and Sports What is nutritional quackery? Why is nutritional quackery so prevalent in athletics? How do I recognize nutritional quackery in health and sports? Where can I get sound nutritional information to combat quackery in health and sports? Research and Prudent Recommendations What types of research provide valid information? Why do we often hear contradictory advice about the effects of nutrition on health or physical performance? What is the basis for the dietary recommendations presented in this book? How does all this relate to me? Application Exercises Review Questions—Multiple Choice Review Questions—Essay References Chapter Two Healthful Nutrition for Fitness and Sport: The Consumer Athlete Essential Nutrients and Recommended Nutrient Intakes What are essential nutrients? What are nonessential nutrients? How are recommended dietary intakes determined? The Balanced Diet and Nutrient Density What is a balanced diet? What foods should I eat to obtain the nutrients I need? What is the MyPlate food guide? What is the Food Exchange System? What is the key-nutrient concept for obtaining a balanced diet? What is the concept of nutrient density? Will using the MyPlate food guide or the Food Exchange System guarantee me optimal nutrition? Healthful Dietary Guidelines What is the basis underlying the development of healthful dietary guidelines? What are the recommended dietary guidelines for reducing the risk of chronic disease? Vegetarianism What types of foods does a vegetarian eat? What are some of the nutritional concerns with a vegetarian diet? Is a vegetarian diet more healthful than a nonvegetarian diet? How can I become a vegetarian? Will a vegetarian diet affect physical performance potential? Consumer Nutrition—Food Labels and Health Claims What nutrition information do food labels provide? How can I use this information to select a healthier diet? What are the proposed changes to the current food label? What health claims are allowed on food products? What are functional foods? Consumer Nutrition—Dietary Supplements and Health What are dietary supplements? Will dietary supplements improve my health? Can dietary supplements harm my health? Consumer Nutrition—Food Quality and Safety Is current food biotechnology effective and safe? Do pesticides in food present significant health risks? Are organic foods safer and healthier choices? Does commercial food processing affect food quality and safety? Does home food processing affect food quality and safety? What is food poisoning? Are food additives safe? Why do some people experience adverse reactions to some foods? Healthful Nutrition: Recommendations for Better Physical Performance What should I eat during training? When and what should I eat just prior to competition? What should I eat during competition? What should I eat after competition? Should athletes use commercial sports foods? How can I eat more nutritiously while traveling for competition? How do gender and age influence nutritional recommendations for enhanced physical performance? What apps are available to help me in my quest to develop a diet plan to improve both my health and my sports performance? Application Exercise Review Questions—Multiple Choice Review Questions—Essay References Chapter Three Human Energy Measures of Energy What is energy? What terms are used to quantify work and power during exercise? How do we measure physical activity and energy expenditure? What is the most commonly used measure of energy? Human Energy Systems How is energy stored in the body? What are the human energy systems? What nutrients are necessary for operation of the human energy systems? Human Energy Metabolism during Rest What is metabolism? What factors account for the amount of energy expended during rest? What effect does eating a meal have on the metabolic rate? How can I estimate my daily resting energy expenditure (REE)? What genetic factors affect my REE? How do dieting and body composition affect my REE? What environmental factors may also influence the REE? What energy sources are used during rest? Human Energy Metabolism during Exercise How do my muscles influence the amount of energy I can produce during exercise? What effect does muscular exercise have on the metabolic rate? How is energy expenditure of the three human energy systems measured during exercise? How can I convert the various means of expressing exercise energy expenditure into something more useful to me, such as Calories per minute? How can I tell what my metabolic rate is during exercise? How can I determine the energy cost of my exercise routine? What are the best types of activities to increase energy expenditure? Does exercise affect my resting energy expenditure (REE)? Does exercise affect the thermic effect of food (TEF)? How much energy should I consume daily? Human Energy Systems and Fatigue during Exercise What energy systems are used during exercise? What energy sources are used during exercise? What is the "fat burning zone" during exercise? What is fatigue? What causes acute fatigue in athletes? How can I delay the onset of fatigue? How is nutrition related to fatigue processes? Application Exercise Review Questions—Multiple Choice Review Questions—Essay References Chapter Four Carbohydrates: The Main Energy Food Dietary Carbohydrates What are the different types of dietary carbohydrates? What are some common foods high in carbohydrate content? How much carbohydrate do we need in the diet? Metabolism and Function How are dietary carbohydrates digested and absorbed and what are some implications for sports performance? What happens to the carbohydrate after it is absorbed into the body? What is the metabolic fate of blood glucose? How much total energy do we store as carbohydrate? Can the human body make carbohydrates from protein and fat? What are the major functions of carbohydrate in human nutrition? Carbohydrates for Exercise In what types of activities does the body rely heavily on carbohydrate as an energy source? Why is carbohydrate an important energy source for exercise? What effect does endurance training have on carbohydrate metabolism? How is hypoglycemia related to the development of fatigue? How is lactic acid production related to fatigue? How is low muscle glycogen related to the development of fatigue? How are low endogenous carbohydrate levels related to the central fatigue hypothesis? Will eating carbohydrate immediately before or during an event improve physical performance? When, how much, and in what form should carbohydrates be consumed before or during exercise? What is the importance of carbohydrate replenishment after prolonged exercise? Will a high-carbohydrate diet enhance my daily exercise training? Carbohydrate Loading What is carbohydrate, or glycogen, loading? What type of athlete would benefit from carbohydrate loading? How do you carbohydrate load? Will carbohydrate loading increase muscle glycogen concentration? How do I know if my muscles have increased their glycogen stores? Will carbohydrate loading improve exercise performance? Are there any possible detrimental effects relative to carbohydrate loading? Carbohydrates: Ergogenic Aspects Do the metabolic by-products of carbohydrate exert an ergogenic effect? Dietary Carbohydrates: Health Implications How do refined sugars and starches affect my health? Are artificial sweeteners safe? Why are complex carbohydrates thought to be beneficial to my health? Why should I eat foods rich in fiber? Do some carbohydrate foods cause food intolerance? Does exercise exert any beneficial health effects related to carbohydrate metabolism? Application Exercise Review Questions—Multiple Choice Review Questions—Essay References Chapter Five Fat: An Important Energy Source during Exercise Dietary Fats What are the different types of dietary fats? What are triglycerides? What are some common foods high in fat content? How do I calculate the percentage of fat Calories in a food? What are fat substitutes? What is cholesterol? What foods contain cholesterol? What are phospholipids? What foods contain phospholipids? How much fat and cholesterol do we need in the diet? Metabolism and Function How does dietary fat get into the body? What happens to the lipid once it gets in the body? What are the different types of lipoproteins? Can the body make fat from protein and carbohydrate? What are the major functions of the body lipids? How much total energy is stored in the body as fat? Fats and Exercise Are fats used as an energy source during exercise? Does gender or age influence the use of fats as an energy source during exercise? What effect does exercise training have on fat metabolism during exercise? Fats: Ergogenic Aspects High-fat diets High-fat diets and weight loss Does exercising on an empty stomach or fasting improve performance? Can the use of medium-chain triglycerides improve endurance performance or body composition? Is the glycerol portion of triglycerides an effective ergogenic aid? Are phospholipid dietary supplements effective ergogenic aids? Omega-3 fatty acid and fish oil supplements Can carnitine improve performance or weight loss? Can hydroxycitrate (HCA) enhance endurance performance? Can conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) enhance exercise performance or weight loss? What's the bottom line regarding the ergogenic effects of fat burning diets or strategies? Dietary Fats and Cholesterol: Health Implications How does cardiovascular disease develop? How do the different forms of serum lipids affect the development of atherosclerosis? Can I reduce my serum lipid levels and possibly reverse atherosclerosis? What should I eat to modify my serum lipid profile favorably? Can exercise training also elicit favorable changes in the serum lipid profile? Application Exercise Review Questions—Multiple Choice Review Questions—Essay References Chapter Six Protein: The Tissue Builder Dietary Protein What is protein? Is there a difference between animal and plant protein? What are some common foods that are good sources of protein? How much dietary protein do I need? How much of the essential amino acids do I need? What are some dietary guidelines to ensure adequate protein intake? Metabolism and Function What happens to protein in the human body? Can protein be formed from carbohydrates and fats? What are the major functions of protein in human nutrition? Proteins and Exercise Are proteins used for energy during exercise? Does exercise increase protein losses in other ways? What happens to protein metabolism during recovery after exercise? What effect does exercise training have upon protein metabolism? Does exercise Increase the Need for Dietary Protein? What are some general recommendations relative to dietary protein intake for athletes? Are protein supplements necessary? Before Sleep Protein Intake Protein: Ergogenic Aspects What types of special protein supplements are marketed to physically active individuals? Do high-protein diets or protein supplements increase muscle mass and strength in resistance-trained individuals? Do high-protein diets or protein supplements improve aerobic endurance performance in endurance-trained individuals? Are amino acid, amine, and related nitrogen-containing supplements effective ergogenic aids? Dietary Protein: Health Implications Does a deficiency of dietary protein pose any health risks? Does excessive protein intake pose any health risks? Does the consumption of individual amino acids pose any health risks? Application Exercise Review Questions—Multiple Choice Review Questions—Essay References Chapter Seven Vitamins: The Organic Regulators Basic Facts What are vitamins and how do they work? What vitamins are essential to human nutrition? In general, how do deficiencies or excesses of vitamins influence health or physical performance? Fat-Soluble Vitamins Vitamin A (retinol) Vitamin D (cholecalciferol) Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) Vitamin K (menadione) Water-Soluble Vitamins Thiamin (vitamin B1) Riboflavin (vitamin B2) Niacin Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) Folate (folic acid) Pantothenic acid Biotin Choline Vitamin B complex Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) Vitamin Supplements: Ergogenic Aspects Should physically active individuals take vitamin supplements? Can the antioxidant vitamins prevent fatigue or muscle damage during training? How effective are the special vitamin supplements marketed for athletes? What's the bottom line regarding vitamin supplements for athletes? Vitamin Supplements: Health Aspects Can I obtain the vitamins I need through my diet? Why are vitamin supplements often recommended? Why do individuals take vitamin megadoses? Do foods rich in vitamins, particularly antioxidant vitamins, help deter chronic disease? Do vitamin supplements help deter disease? How much of a vitamin supplement is too much? If I want to take a vitamin-mineral supplement, what are some prudent guidelines? Application Exercises Review Questions—Multiple Choice Review Questions—Essay References Chapter Eight Minerals: The Inorganic Regulators Basic Facts What are minerals, and what is their importance to humans? What minerals are essential to human nutrition? In general, how do deficiencies or excesses of minerals influence health or physical performance? Macrominerals Calcium (Ca) Phosphorus (P) Magnesium (Mg) Trace Minerals Iron (Fe) Copper (Cu) Zinc (Zn) Chromium (Cr) Selenium (Se) Boron (B) Vanadium (V) Manganese (Mn) Other Trace Minerals Mineral Supplements: Exercise and Health Does exercise increase my need for minerals? Can I obtain the minerals I need through my diet? Are mineral megadoses or some nonessential minerals harmful? Should physically active individuals take mineral supplements? Application Exercise Review Questions—Multiple Choice Review Questions—Essay References Chapter Nine Water, Electrolytes, and Temperature Regulation Water How much water do you need per day? What else is in the water we drink? Where is water stored in the body? How is body water regulated? How do I know if I am adequately hydrated? What are the major functions of water in the body? Can drinking more water or fluids confer any health benefits? Electrolytes What is an electrolyte? Sodium (Na) Chloride (Cl) Potassium (K) Regulation of Body Temperature What is the normal body temperature? What are the major factors that influence body temperature? How does the body regulate its own temperature? What environmental conditions may predispose anÊathletic individual to hyperthermia? How does exercise affect body temperature? How is body heat dissipated during exercise? Exercise Performance in the Heat: Effect of Environmental Temperature and Fluid and Electrolyte Losses How does environmental heat affect physical performance? How do dehydration and hypohydration affect physical performance? How fast may an individual dehydrate while exercising? How can I determine my sweat rate? What is the composition of sweat? Is excessive sweating likely to create an electrolyte deficiency? Exercise in the Heat: Fluid, Carbohydrate, and Electrolyte Replacement Which is most important to replace during exercise in the heatÑwater, carbohydrate, or electrolytes? What are some sound guidelines for maintaining water (fluid) balance during exercise? What factors influence gastric emptying and intestinal absorption? How should carbohydrate be replaced during exercise in the heat? How should electrolytes be replaced during or following exercise? What is hyponatremia and what causes it during exercise? Are salt tablets or potassium supplements necessary? What are some prudent guidelines relative to fluid replacement while exercising under warm or hot environmental conditions? Ergogenic Aspects Does oxygen water enhance exercise performance? Do pre-cooling techniques help reduce body temperature and enhance performance during exercise in the heat? Does sodium loading enhance endurance performance? Does glycerol supplementation enhance endurance performance during exercise under warm environmental conditions? Health Aspects: Heat Illness Should I exercise in the heat? What are the potential health hazards of excessive heat stress imposed on the body? What are the symptoms and treatment of heat injuries? Do some individuals have problems tolerating exercise in the heat? How can I reduce the hazards associated with exercise in a hot environment? How can I become acclimatized to exercise in the heat? Health Aspects: High Blood Pressure What is high blood pressure, or hypertension? How is high blood pressure treated? What dietary modifications may help reduce or prevent hypertension? Can exercise help prevent or treat hypertension? Application Exercises Review Questions—Multiple Choice Review Questions—Essay References Chapter Ten Body Weight and Composition for Health and Sport Body Weight and Composition What is the ideal body weight? What are the values and limitations of the BMI? What is the composition of the body? What techniques are available to measure body composition and how accurate are they? What problems may be associated with rigid adherence to body fat percentages in sport? How much should I weigh or how much body fat should I have? Regulation of Body Weight and Composition How does the human body normally control its own weight? How is fat deposited in the body? What is the cause of obesity? Can the set point change? Why is prevention of childhood obesity so important? Weight Gain, Obesity, and Health What health problems are associated with overweight and obesity? How does the location of fat in the body affect health? Does being obese increase health risks in youth? Does losing excess body fat reduce health risks and improve health status? Does being physically fit negate the adverse health effects associated with being overweight? Excessive Weight Loss and Health What health problems are associated with improper weight-loss programs and practices? What are the major eating disorders? What eating problems are associated with sports? Body Composition and Physical Performance What effect does excess body weight have on physical performance? Does excessive weight loss impair physical performance? Application Exercise Review Questions—Multiple Choice Review Questions—Essay References Chapter Eleven Weight Maintenance and Loss through Proper Nutrition and Exercise Basics of Weight Control How many Calories are in a pound of body fat? Is the caloric concept of weight control valid? How many Calories do I need per day to maintain my body weight? How much weight can I lose safely per week? How can I determine the amount of body weight I need to lose? Behavior Modification What is behavior modification? How do I apply behavior-modification techniques in my weight-control program? Dietary Modifications How can I determine the number of Calories needed in a diet to lose weight? How can I predict my body-weight loss through dieting alone? Why does a person usually lose the most weight during the first week on a reducing diet? Why does it become more difficult to lose weight after several weeks or months on a diet program? What are the major characteristics of a sound diet for weight control? Is it a good idea to count Calories when attempting to lose body weight? How often should i weigh myself? What is the Food Exchange System? How can I determine the number of Calories I eat daily? What are some general guidelines I can use in the selection and preparation of foods to promote weight loss or maintain a healthy body weight? How can I plan a nutritionally balanced, low-Calorie diet? Are very low-Calorie diets effective and desirable as a means to lose body weight? Are weight-loss dietary supplements effective and safe? Is it harmful to overeat occasionally? Exercise Programs What role does exercise play in weight reduction and weight maintenance? Does exercise affect the appetite? Does exercise affect the set point? What types of exercise programs are most effective for losing body fat? If I am inactive now, should I see a physician before I initiate an exercise program? What other precautions would be advisable before I start an exercise program? What is the general design of exercise programs for weight reduction? What is the stimulus period of exercise? What is an appropriate level of exercise intensity? How can I determine the exercise intensity needed to achieve my target HR range? How can I design my own exercise program? How much exercise is needed to lose weight? From what parts of the body does the weight loss occur during an exercise weight-reduction program? Should I do low-intensity exercises to burn more fat? Is spot reducing effective? Is it possible to exercise and still not lose body weight? What about the 5 or 6 pounds a person may lose during an hour of exercise? Comprehensive Weight Control Programs Which is more effective for weight controlÑdieting or exercise? If I want to lose weight through a national or local weight-loss program, what should I look for? What type of weight-reduction program is advisable for young athletes? What is the importance of prevention in a weight-control program? Application Exercise Review Questions—Multiple Choice Review Questions—Essay References Chapter Twelve Weight Gaining through Proper Nutrition and Exercise Basic Considerations Why are some individuals underweight? What steps should I take if I want to gain weight? Nutritional Considerations How many Calories are needed to form 1 pound of muscle? How can I determine the amount of Calories I need daily to gain 1 pound per week? Is protein supplementation necessary during a weight-gaining program? Are dietary supplements necessary during a weight-gaining program? What is an example of a balanced diet that will help me gain weight? Would such a high-Calorie diet be ill advised for some individuals? Exercise Considerations What are the primary purposes of resistance training? What are the basic principles of resistance training? What is an example of a resistance-training program that may help me to gain body weight as lean muscle mass? Are there any safety concerns associated with resistance training? How does the body gain weight with a resistance-training program? Is any one type of resistance-training program or equipment more effective than others for gaining body weight? If exercise burns Calories, won't I lose weight on a resistance-training program? Are there any contraindications to resistance training? Are there any health benefits associated with resistance training? Can I combine aerobic and resistance-training exercises into one program? Application Exercise Review Questions—Multiple Choice Review Questions—Essay References Chapter Thirteen Food Drugs and Related Supplements Alcohol: Ergogenic Effects and Health Implications What is the alcohol and nutrient content of typical alcoholic beverages? What is the metabolic fate of alcohol in the body? Is alcohol an effective ergogenic aid? What effect can drinking alcohol have upon my health? Caffeine: Ergogenic Effects and Health Implications What is caffeine, and in what food products is it found? What effects does caffeine have on the body that may benefit exercise performance? Does caffeine enhance exercise performance? Does drinking coffee, tea, or other caffeinated beverages provide any health benefits or pose any significant health risks? Ephedra (Ephedrine): Ergogenic Effects and Health Implications What is ephedra (ephedrine)? Does ephedrine enhance exercise performance? Do dietary supplements containing ephedra pose any health risks? Sodium Bicarbonate: Ergogenic Effects, Safety, and Legality What is sodium bicarbonate? Does sodium bicarbonate, or soda loading, enhance physical performance? Is sodium bicarbonate supplementation safe and legal? Anabolic Hormones and Dietary Supplements: Ergogenic Effects and Health Implications Is human growth hormone (HGH) an effective, safe, and legal ergogenic aid? Are testosterone and anabolic/androgenic steroids (AAS) effective, safe, and legal ergogenic aids? Are anabolic prohormone dietary supplements effective, safe, and legal ergogenic aids? Ginseng, Herbals, and Exercise and Sports Performance Does ginseng or ciwujia enhance exercise or sports performance? What herbals are effective ergogenic aids? Sports Supplements: Efficacy, Safety, and Permissibility What sports supplements are considered to be effective, safe, and permissible? Application Exercise Review Questions—Multiple Choice Review Questions—Essay References APPENDIX A Units of Measurement: English SystemÑMetric System Equivalents APPENDIX B Approximate Caloric Expenditure per Minute Based on the Metabolic Equivalents (METS) for Physical Activity APPENDIX C Determination of Healthy Body Weight APPENDIX D Exchange Lists for Meal Planning* APPENDIX E Nutrient Content of Food Products from Selected Fast-Food Restaurants APPENDIX F Energy Pathways of Carbohydrate, Fat, and Protein APPENDIX G Sample Menu for a 2,000-Calorie Food Pattern Glossary Photo Credits Index