Nurses on the Front Line: When Disaster Strikes, 1878-2010

Nurses on the Front Line  When Disaster Strikes,  1878-2010......Page 4
Part I......Page 6
Part II......Page 7
Contributors......Page 8
Preface......Page 10
Disaster Preparedness......Page 11
Remembering Disasters......Page 14
Notes......Page 15
Acknowledgments......Page 18
Introduction......Page 20
1. The 1878 Yellow Fever Epidemic in Mississippi: “For God’s Sake, Send Us Some Nurses and  Doctors”......Page 28
Catholic Sister Nurses
......Page 30
The Howard Association Nurses
......Page 31
Crossing Geographic Boundaries to Help
......Page 34
Overwhelming Gratitude Versus Resumption of Racial Discrimination
......Page 36
Aftermath
......Page 38
Notes
......Page 39
2. The 1900 Galveston Hurricane: “Unspeakable Calamity”......Page 44
Experiencing the Storm
......Page 46
Local Response......Page 50
Red Cross Response......Page 55
Aftermath
......Page 59
Conclusion
......Page 60
Notes
......Page 62
3. The San Francisco Earthquake and Fire, 1906: “A Lifetime of Experience”......Page 70
The Red Cross and Military Response
......Page 71
The Mechanics’ Pavilion: “Given No Alternative”......Page 72
The Presidio Refugee Camp: "Like Civil War Times"
......Page 79
Oakland: “Working in the Thick of the Suffering”......Page 81
Other Responses: “We Render Many Services Not In a  Nurse’s Line”......Page 82
Children’s Hospital of San Francisco: “Grateful That I Am a Trained Nurse”......Page 83
Discussion: Focused and Energized
......Page 85
Lingering Questions
......Page 86
Conclusion
......Page 88
Notes
......Page 89
4. The Monongah Mine Disaster, December 1907: “A Roar Like a Thousand Niagaras”......Page 96
Peter and Stanislaus Urban
......Page 97
The Explosion
......Page 99
The Rescue
......Page 102
Care of Survivors, Rescuers, and Families
......Page 104
Collaborative Efforts After the Disaster
......Page 105
Aftermath
......Page 106
Conclusions
......Page 108
Study Questions
......Page 109
Notes
......Page 110
5. Nurses’ Response Across Geographic Boundaries in the Halifax Disaster, December 6, 1917: Border Crossings......Page 114
People and Places
......Page 116
The Disaster
......Page 117
The Initial Response
......Page 118
The Boston Response
......Page 120
"Act Promptly and Efficiently in Emergencies: Caring for the Survivors......Page 126
Discussion
......Page 128
Conclusion
......Page 129
Notes
......Page 130
6. The Boston Instructive District Nurses Association and the 1918 Influenza Epidemic: “Intelligent Cooperation"......Page 138
Spanish Flu
......Page 139
The Boston Experience
......Page 140
The National Response
......Page 141
The Boston IDNA Responds
......Page 142
Underlying Structure Supports Epidemic Work
......Page 143
Nursing Shortages and Increasing Sickness
......Page 144
The Aftermath
......Page 147
Conclusion
......Page 148
Notes
......Page 149
7. The 1921 Tulsa Race Riot and the “Angels of Mercy”......Page 154
The Riot
......Page 157
Disaster Relief Work
......Page 160
Cinnabar Hospital
......Page 161
Red Cross Response
......Page 162
Maurice Willows Hospital
......Page 167
Conclusion
......Page 171
Notes
......Page 172
8. The New London, Texas, School Explosion, 1937: “Unparalleled Disaster”......Page 178
The Initial Response
......Page 179
The Red Cross Response
......Page 181
Constructing Narratives to Make Sense of Diasters
......Page 183
Commemoration and Memorialization
......Page 185
Theoretical Discussion
......Page 188
Study Questions
......Page 190
Notes
......Page 191
9. The 1942 Cocoanut Grove Nightclub Fire: Out of the Ashes......Page 194
The Disaster......Page 195
The Response......Page 199
The Injured......Page 201
Care of the Injured at Boston City Hospital......Page 203
Care of the Injured at Massachusetts General Hospital......Page 207
Clifford Jones......Page 212
Advances in Burn Care......Page 214
Disaster Investigation......Page 215
Final Comments......Page 216
Notes
......Page 217
10. The Great Alaska Earthquake of 1964: Lessons in Leadership......Page 222
Providence Hospital, Anchorage......Page 223
Providing Emergency Care......Page 227
Red Cross and Public Health Nursing Responses......Page 229
Additional Sites of Damage......Page 231
Kodiak Island......Page 232
Valdez......Page 233
Other Nursing Relief Work......Page 234
"People Ride with a Winner”......Page 235
The Importance of “Place”......Page 237
Lessons Learned......Page 240
Conclusion......Page 242
Study Questions......Page 243
Notes
......Page 244
11. Gendered Notions of Expertise and Bravery: New York City 2001......Page 250
Notes
......Page 256
12. A Tale of Two Shelters: A Katrina Story, 2005......Page 258
Setting the Stage......Page 259
Teresa M. O’Neill......Page 275
Hurricane Season 2005......Page 261
Colonel Patricia M. Prechter......Page 262
Colonel Patricia M. Prechter......Page 263
Colonel Patricia M. Prechter......Page 265
Colonel Patricia M. Prechter......Page 266
Teresa M. O’Neill......Page 267
Teresa M. O’Neill......Page 268
Colonel Patricia M. Prechter......Page 269
Teresa M. O’Neill......Page 271
Teresa M. O’Neill......Page 272
Teresa M. O’Neill......Page 273
NOTES......Page 278
13. Striving for the “New Normal”: The Aftermath of International  Disasters......Page 280
The 1999 Marmara Earthquake—Turkey......Page 281
The 2010 Haitian Earthquake......Page 283
Study Questions......Page 288
Notes
......Page 289
Conclusion......Page 292
Notes
......Page 296
Index
......Page 298