Numerical Simulation, An Art of Prediction, Volume 2: Examples

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Foreword ix

Introduction xi

Chapter 1. Agriculture 1

1.1. Feeding the world 2

1.2. Agriculture is being digitized 7

1.3. Decision-making support 10

1.4. Environmental impact 16

1.5. Plant growth 23

Chapter 2. Air and Maritime Transport 31

2.1. The long march of globalization 32

2.2. Going digital! 35

2.3. Optimum design and production 50

2.3.1. Lightening the structures 50

2.3.2. Mastering processes 53

2.3.3. Producing in the digital age 58

2.4. Improving performance 63

2.4.1. Increasing seaworthiness 63

2.4.2. Limiting noise pollution 68

2.4.3. Protecting from corrosion 76

2.4.4. Reducing energy consumption 78

Chapter 3. The Universe and the Earth 87

3.1. Astrophysics 88

3.1.1. Telling the story of the Universe 90

3.1.2. Observing the formation of celestial bodies 105

3.1.3. Predicting the mass of stars 109

3.2. Geophysics 114

3.2.1. Earthquakes 115

3.2.2. Tsunamis 120

3.2.3. Eruptions 127

Chapter 4. The Atmosphere and the Oceans 133

4.1. Meteorological phenomena, climate change 134

4.2. Atmosphere and meteorology 137

4.2.1. Global and local model 138

4.2.2. Scale descent 142

4.3. Oceans and climate 145

4.3.1. Marine currents 145

4.3.2. Climate 155

Chapter 5. Energies 165

5.1. The technical dream 165

5.2. Combustion 168

5.3. Nuclear energy 173

5.3.1. Dual-use energy 173

5.3.2. At the heart of nuclear fission 176

5.3.3. Developing nuclear fusion 183

5.4. New energies 188

5.4.1. Hydroelectricity 189

5.4.2. Wind energy 193

Chapter 6. The Human Body 199

6.1. A digital medicine 200

6.2. Medical data 206

6.2.1. Medical imaging 206

6.2.2. Genetic information 211

6.3. Mechanical behavior of muscles and organs 215

6.4. Blood circulation 216

6.4.1. Blood microcapsules 218

6.4.2. Angioplasty simulation 219

6.5. Cosmetics 227

6.6. Neurosciences 228

Chapter 7. Individuals and Society 237

7.1. Calculated choices 238

7.2. A question of style 241

7.2.1. Assigning a work to its author 243

7.2.2. Understanding a pictorial technique 245

7.2.3. Discovering a personality type 247

7.3. The shape of a city 253

7.3.1. Transport 254

7.3.2. Sound atmosphere 256

7.3.3. Businesses 260

7.4. A question of choice 263

7.5. What about humans? 272

Conclusion 281

Glossary of Terms 287

References 317

Index 353