Northern and Southern China: Regional Differences in Rural Areas

Cover
Half Title
Series Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Table of Contents
List of figures
List of tables
Notes on the contributors
Chapter 1: Introduction: Regional variations in rural China from the perspective of social structure
	1.1 Literature review
		1.1.1 Literature review on regional studies
			1.1.1.1 Research on rural south China
			1.1.1.2 Research on rural North China
			1.1.1.3 Research on the rural areas of the Yangtze River basin
		1.1.2 Literature review on regional comparative studies
		1.1.3 Summary
	1.2 Regional differences in village structure and their causes
		1.2.1 Regional difference in the environmental conditions
			1.2.1.1 North China
			1.2.1.2 South China
			1.2.1.3 The Yangtze River basin
			1.2.1.4 Comparison of rural environmental conditions in the Northern, Central and Southern regions
		1.2.2 Regional differences in history
			1.2.2.1 Rural South China
			1.2.2.2 Rural North China
			1.2.2.3 The middle reaches of the Yangtze River: Hunan and Hubei provinces
			1.2.2.4 Upper Yangtze River and Southwest China
			1.2.2.5 Lower reaches of the Yangtze River
			1.2.2.6 Northeast region
			1.2.2.7 Central rural areas
		1.2.3 Summary
	1.3 Village social structure before the 20th century
	1.4 Transformation in village structure since the early 20th century
	1.5 Policy review and the social basis of rural governance
		1.5.1 United villages
		1.5.2 Segmented villages
		1.5.3 Atomized villages
		1.5.4 Summary
	1.6 Conclusion
	Notes
	References
Chapter 2: Regional difference in China’s rural areas and the formulation of the middle-range theory
	2.1 Previous studies into regional difference in China’s rural areas
	2.2 Middle-range theory of regional difference in China’s rural areas
	2.3 Related theories
		2.3.1 Skinner’s “spatial approach” and a standard marketing community
		2.3.2 Freedman’s lineage paradigm from the regional difference perspective
		2.3.3 “Region” in the study of regional social history
	2.4 Interpretation of several rural social phenomena
		2.4.1 Research on the relations between the state and the peasants
		2.4.2 Research into the social basis of renqing
		2.4.3 Regional variations in face
		2.4.4 Summary
	2.5 Middle-range theory and rural studies
		2.5.1 Middle-range theory in rural studies
		2.5.2 Discussions on rural studies in China
	2.6 Summary
	Notes
	References
Part I: Family
	Chapter 3: Regional variations in family development in China’s rural areas
		3.1 Framing of the question
		3.2 Regional difference in household property ownership
			3.2.1 Family property ownership in North China
			3.2.2 Ancestral property in South China
			3.2.3 Private property ownership in the Central rural areas
		3.3 Regional variations in family ethical duty fulfillment
			3.3.1 In North China: All-out and altruistic efforts for the sons
			3.3.2 In South China: To have a son to continue the family line
			3.3.3 In the Central atomized areas: No motivation to carry on the ancestral line
		3.4 Regional variations in the pathways of socialization in the society of close acquaintances
			3.4.1 Social structure
			3.4.2 Communal identity of the families
			3.4.3 Social values
		3.5 Regional variations in the family development cycle
			3.5.1 Communal pattern of the Southern united villages
			3.5.2 Corporate pattern of the Northern segmented villages
			3.5.3 The atomized pattern in the Central dispersed villages
		3.6 Summary
		Note
		References
	Chapter 4: Regional variations in family division in rural China
		4.1 Framing of the question
		4.2 Family division: institutions and practice
			4.2.1 Institutional perspective of family division
			4.2.2 Practical elements in family division patterns
				4.2.2.1 Practical element: Household wealth
				4.2.2.2 Dynamics: family politics
				4.2.2.3 Constraints: ethics
		4.3 Regional distribution of family division patterns
			4.3.1 Integrative family division
				4.3.1.1 Structure of the integrative family division pattern
				4.3.1.2 Discussion on family division pattern based on field experience
			4.3.2 Competitive family division
				4.3.2.1 Mechanism
				4.3.2.2 Discussion
			4.3.3 Consultative family division
				4.3.3.1 Operational mechanism of consultative family division
				4.3.3.2 Discussion
			4.3.4 Regional distribution of family division patterns
		4.4 Social foundation of family division patterns
			4.4.1 In united villages in South China
			4.4.2 In segmented villages in the north
			4.4.3 In dispersed villages in the Central areas
		4.5 Summary
		Notes
		References
	Chapter 5: Regional difference of elderly support patterns in China’s rural areas
		5.1 Framing of the question
		5.2 Three patterns of elderly support in rural areas
			5.2.1 The ethically motivated elderly support pattern
			5.2.2 The norm-motivated elderly support pattern
			5.2.3 The emotion-motivated elderly support pattern
		5.3 Regional difference in rural elderly support patterns
			5.3.1 Southern united villages: ethically motivated elderly support
			5.3.2 Northern segmented villages: norm-motivated elderly support
			5.3.3 Central disunited atomized villages: emotion-motivated elderly support
		5.4 Social basis of the regional distribution of rural elderly support patterns
			5.4.1 Patrilineage community and ethically motivated elderly support in the Southern villages
			5.4.2 Locality-based community and norm-motivated elderly support in the Northern villages
			5.4.3 The individualistic tendency and emotion-motivated elderly support in the Central villages
		5.5 Summary
		References
Part II: Face and Renqing
	Chapter 6: Regional difference in Mianzi and Mianzi competition in China’s rural society
		6.1 Mianzi and conceptualizations of mianzi
		6.2 Mianzi and Mianzi competition in rural society
		6.3 Regional difference in the conceptualizations of mianzi and mianzi competition types
			6.3.1 Ideal types of mianzi and mianzi competition
				6.3.1.1 Conspicuous mianzi behavior
				6.3.1.2 Social mianzi behavior
				6.3.1.3 Dependent mianzi behavior
			6.3.2 Regional distribution of mianzi and mianzi competition types
		6.4 Social basis of the regional variations in the conceptualizations of Mianzi
			6.4.1 Social basis of the conceptualizations of mianzi in rural North China
			6.4.2 Social basis of the conceptualizations of mianzi in Central rural areas
			6.4.3 Social basis of the conceptualizations of mianzi in Southern rural areas
		6.5 Summary
		Notes
		References
	Chapter 7: Regional variations in Renqing in ceremonial or ritualized situations
		7.1 Framing of the question
		7.2 Analytical framework: privateness and publicness of kinship ties and territorial bonds
		7.3 Regional expression of RCRS
			7.3.1 Regional variations of how the renqing circle is widened
			7.3.2 Regional variations in suili
			7.3.3 Regional variations in the nature of renqing
		7.4 Transition of RCRS
			7.4.1 Stability of renqing in the Southern united villages
			7.4.2 Stability of renqing ethics and the alienation of ceremonies in the Northern segmented villages
			7.4.3 Overall alienation of renqing in the Central dispersed villages
		7.5 Further research: RCRS and economic differentiation
		7.6 Summary
		References
Part III: Society
	Chapter 8: Regional variations in suicide incidence in rural China
		8.1 Literature review on the problem of suicide
		8.2 Theoretical framework
		8.3 Methodology and data
		8.4 Results and analysis
			8.4.1 Regional variations in demographic characteristics in peasant suicide
			8.4.2 Regional variations in the timeline on peasant suicide
			8.4.3 Regional variations in suicide types according to intent
		8.5 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 9: Studies on China’s bachelors from the perspective of regional difference
		9.1 Literature review
		9.2 Difference in sex ratio at birth and in fertility culture
		9.3 Regional variations in intergenerational and sibling relationships and surplus males
			9.3.1 In lineage areas in South China
			9.3.2 In segmented North China
			9.3.3 In the Central atomized areas
			9.3.4 Summary
		9.4 Regional variations in the social life of surplus men
			9.4.1 In lineage areas in South China
			9.4.2 In kinship groups in North China
			9.4.3 In the Central atomized region
		9.5 Creation of the national marriage market and regional variation in the transition period
		9.6 Summary
		Notes
		References
	Chapter 10: Regional difference in the change of the social status of the elders
		10.1 Framing of the question
		10.2 Regional variations in the status of the elderly
			10.2.1 Change in the status of the elderly in the Northern villages
			10.2.2 Change in the status of the elderly in the Southern villages
			10.2.3 Change in the status of the elderly in the North and in the South: a comparison
		10.3 Explanation of the structural differences between the villages in the North and the South
			10.3.1 Different ways of reacting to the political revolution: taking advantage or noncooperation
			10.3.2 Impact of the market economy: encouraging competition or relinquishing authority
		10.4 Further research: differences among village beliefs, values and norms
		10.5 Summary and further research
			10.5.1 Summary
			10.5.2 Further research
		Notes
		References
Part IV: Governance
	Chapter 11: Regional difference in fertility behavior in China’s rural areas
		11.1 Framing of the question
		11.2 Theoretical framework: village social structure and fertility behavior
			11.2.1 Childbearing intention and values
			11.2.2 Fertility factors and relationship networking
		11.3 Macro-analysis: regional variations of Chinese peasants’ fertility behavior
			11.3.1 Regional variations of fertility behavior
			11.3.2 Regional difference in social structure
		11.4 Micro-mechanism: the formation of regional variations in fertility behavior
			11.4.1 The traditional fertility behavior pattern and the Southern united social structure
			11.4.2 The transitional fertility behavior pattern and Northern segmented villages
			11.4.3 The modern fertility behavior pattern and the central dispersed areas
		11.5 Reflections on demographic transition theories
		11.6 Summary
		Notes
		References
Postscript
Index