Nitrogen, the Confer-N-s. Proceedings of the First International Nitrogen Conference

Content: 
Front Matter, Page iii
Copyright, Page iv
Foreword, Page xiii, Margaretha de Boer
Foreword, Page xiv, Lars Nordberg
Preface, Page xv
Acknowledgements, Page xvi
Summary statement, Pages 3-12, Jan Willem Erisman, Tom Brydges, Keith Bull, Ellis Cowling, Peringe Grennfelt, Lars Nordberg, Kenichi Satake, Tony Schneider, Stan Smeulders, Klaas W. Van der Hoek, Jan R. Wisniewski, Joe Wisniewski
The global nitrogen cycle: changes and consequences, Pages 15-24, James N. Galloway
Impacts and fate of experimentally enhanced nitrogen deposition on a British lowland heath, Pages 27-34, S.A. Power, M.R. Ashmore, D.A. Cousins
Effects of nitrogen deposition on field layer vegetation in south Swedish oak forests, Pages 35-40, Jörg Brunei, Martin Diekmann, Ursula Falkengren-Grerup
The relationship between nitrogen deposition, species composition and foliar nitrogen concentrations in woodland flora in the vicinity of livestock farms, Pages 41-48, C.E.R. Pitcairn, I.D. Leith, L.J. Sheppard, M.A. Sutton, D. Fowler, R.C. Munro, S. Tang, D. Wilson
Risk of damage to crops in the direct neighbourhood of ammonia sources, Pages 49-53, L.J.M. van der Eerden, P.H.B. de Visser, C.J. van Dijk
Nitrogen pollution on the local scale in Lithuania: vitality of forest ecosystems, Pages 55-60, K. Armolaitis
Effects of nitrogen deposition on tree growth and soil nutrients in boreal Scots pine stands, Pages 61-68, A. Nissinen, P. Hari
Nitrogen deposition in Swiss forests and its possible relevance for leaf nutrient status, parasite attacks and soil acidification, Pages 69-76, W. Flückiger, S. Braun
Residual effects of N fertilization on soil-water chemistry and ground vegetation in a Swedish Scots pine forest, Pages 77-83, Hans-Örjan Nohrstedt
On the abundance of epiphytic green algae in relation to the nitrogen concentrations of biomonitors and nitrogen deposition in Finland, Pages 85-92, J. Poikolainen, H. Lippo, M. Hongisto, E. Kubin, K. Mikkola, M. Lindgren
Nitrogen response of herbs and graminoids in experiments with simulated acid soil solution, Pages 93-99, Ursula Falkengren-Grerup
Towards integrated national modelling with particular reference to the environmental effects of nutrients, Pages 101-105, J.R.M. Alkemade, J.J.M. van Grinsven, J. Wiertz, J. Kros
Monitoring of nitrogen compounds on Yakushima Island, a world natural heritage site, Pages 107-113, Kenichi Satake, Takanobu Inoue, Kinichi Kasasaku, Osamu Nagafuchi, Takanori Nakano
Application of nitrogen in production and post-production systems of agriculture and its effect on environment in India, Pages 115-122, B.D. Shukla, A.K. Misra, R.K. Gupta
Environmental hazards of nitrogen loading in wetland rice fields, Pages 123-126, B.C. Ghosh, Ravi Bhat
Nitrogen efficiency in global animal production, Pages 127-132, Klaas W. Van der Hoek
Global air emission inventories for anthropogenic sources of NOx, NH3 and N2O in 1990, Pages 135-148, J.G.J. Olivier, A.F. Bouwman, K.W. Van der Hoek, J.J.M. Berdowski
The impact of land use on N2O emissions from watersheds draining into the Northeastern Atlantic Ocean and European Seas, Pages 149-158, C. Kroeze, S.P. Seitzinger
Nitrous oxide flux from irrigated rice fields in West Java, Pages 159-166, W. Suratno, D. Murdiyarso, F.G. Suratmo, I. Anas, M.S. Saeni, A. Rambe
Nitrous oxide emissions from a wheat field in response to elevated carbon dioxide concentration and open-top chamber enclosure, Pages 167-171, H. Pleijel, J. Sild, H. Danielsson, L. Klemedtsson
Mitigation of nitrous oxide emission from dairy farming systems, Pages 173-178, G.L. Velthof, M.L. van Beusichem, O. Oenema
Seasonal variability and mitigation options for N2O emissions from differently managed grasslands, Pages 179-186, Claudia Kammann, Ludger Grünhage, Christoph Müller, Stefan Jacobi, Hans-Jürgen Jäger
Agricultural NH3 and NOx emissions in Canada, Pages 187-194, T. Kurvits, T. Marta
Modelling the spatial distribution of agricultural ammonia emissions in the UK, Pages 195-203, U. Dragosits, M.A. Sutton, C.J. Place, A.A. Bayley
Focus on emission factors: a sensitivity analysis of ammonia emission modelling in the Netherlands, Pages 205-210, H. Leneman, D.A. Oudendag, K.W. Van der Hoek, P.H.M. Janssen
Characterization of biogenic nitric oxide source strength in the southeast United States, Pages 211-218, Viney P. Aneja, Paul A. Roeile, Wayne P. Robarge
Agricultural nutrient balances as agri-environmental indicators: an OECD perspective, Pages 219-225, Kevin Parris
The monitoring of nitrogen surpluses from agriculture, Pages 227-233, M.M. van Eerdt, P.K.N. Fong
Feasibility of national nitrogen balances, Pages 235-240, Marie-Françoise Slak, Loïc Commagnac, Stéphanie Lucas
The Manure Model: manure, minerals (N, P and K), ammonia emission, heavy metals and the use of fertiliser in Dutch agriculture, Pages 241-246, D.A. Oudendag, H.H. Luesink
Evaluation of SO2 and NO2 concentration levels in Vilnius (Lithuania) using passive diffusion samplers, Pages 249-252, D. Perkauskas, A. Mikelinskiene
Atmospheric peroxyacyl nitrates in urban/remote sites and the lower troposphere around Japan, Pages 253-261, I. Watanabe, M. Nakanishi, J. Tomita, S. Hatakeyama, K. Murano, H. Mukai, H. Bandou
Analysis of ammonia, ammonium aerosols and acid gases in the atmosphere at a commercial hog farm in eastern North Carolina, USA, Pages 263-268, Ronald B. McCulloch, G. Stephen Few, George C. Murray Jr., Viney P. Aneja
Evaluation of ammonia emission abatement on the basis of measurements and model calculations, Pages 269-274, J.W. Erisman, A. Bleeker, J.A. van Jaarsveld
Consequences of new scientific findings for future abatement of ammonia emissions, Pages 275-282, J.W. Erisman, G.J. Monteny
Power-station contributions to local concentrations of NO2 at ground level, Pages 283-288, A.H. Webb, G.C. Hunter
EMEP Eulerian model for atmospheric transport and deposition of nitrogen species over Europe, Pages 289-298, J.E. Jonson, J. Bartnicki, K. Olendrzynski, H.A. Jakobsen, E. Berge
Deposition of nitrogen and other major inorganic compounds in Norway, 1992–1996, Pages 299-304, K. Tørseth, A. Semb
Atmospheric deposition of nitrogen compounds in the Czech Republic, Pages 305-311, Miloš Zapletal
Comparison of emissions of nitrogen and sulfur oxides to deposition of nitrate and sulfate in the USA by state in 1990, Pages 313-320, Cari Furiness, Luther Smith, Limei Ran, Ellis Cowling
Wet deposition of ammonium and atmospheric distribution of ammonia and particulate ammonium in Japan, Pages 321-326, Kentaro Murano, Hitoshi Mukai, Shiro Hatakeyama, Okihiro Oishi, Akira Utsunomiya, Takaaki Shimohara
Spatial variation in annual nitrogen deposition in a rural region in Switzerland, Pages 327-335, Werner Eugster, Silvan Perego, Heinz Wanner, Alex Leuenberger, Matthias Liechti, Markus Reinhardt, Peter Geissbühler, Marion Gempeler, Jürg Schenk
Regional mass budgets of oxidized and reduced nitrogen and their relative contribution to the nitrogen inputs of sensitive ecosystems, Pages 337-342, D. Fowler, M.A. Sutton, R.I. Smith, C.E.R. Pitcalrn, M. Coyle, G. Campbell, J. Stedman
The mass budget of atmospheric ammonia in woodland within 1 km of livestock buildings, Pages 343-348, D. Fowler, C.E.R. Pitcairn, M.A. Sutton, C. Flechard, B. Loubet, M. Coyle, R.C. Munro
Dispersion, deposition and impacts of atmospheric ammonia: quantifying local budgets and spatial variability, Pages 349-361, M.A. Sutton, C. Milford, U. Dragosits, C.J. Place, R.J. Singles, R.I. Smith, C.E.R. Pitcairn, D. Fowler, J. Hill, H.M. ApSimon, C. Ross, R. Hill, S.C. Jarvis, B.F. Pain, V.C. Phillips, R. Harrison, D. Moss, J. Webb, S.E. Espenhahn, D.S. Lee,  et al.
Nitrogen Deposition in Canada's Boreal Shield: implications for the Kyoto Protocol, Pages 365-370, T.G. Brydges
Experimental calibration of Ellenberg's indicator value for nitrogen, Pages 371-375, G.W.W. Wamelink, H.F. van Dobben, L.J.M. van der Eerden
Nitrification in organic and mineral soil layers in coniferous forests in response to acidity, Pages 377-383, Anna Rudebeck, Tryggve Persson
Turnover of carbon and nitrogen in coniferous forest soils of different N-status and under different 15NH4–N application rate, Pages 385-393, R. Michael Sjöberg, Tryggve Persson
Comparison of N and C dynamics in two Norway spruce stands using a process oriented simulation model, Pages 395-401, Henrik Eckersten, Claus Beier
Nitrate leaching in forest ecosystems is related to forest floor C/N ratios, Pages 403-407, P. Gundersen, I. Callesen, W. de Vries
Modelling the effects of nitrogen addition on soil nitrogen status and nitrogen uptake in a Norway spruce stand in Denmark, Pages 409-414, Claus Beier, Henrik Eckersten
Nitrogen mineralisation in deciduous forest soils in south Sweden in gradients of soil acidity and deposition, Pages 415-420, Ursula Falkengren-Grerup, Jörg Brunet, Martin Diekmann
Changes in nitrogen transformations in forest soil as a result of sprinkling infiltration, Pages 421-426, Antti-Jussi Lindroos, Laura Paavolainen, Aino Smolander, John Derome, Heljä-Sisko Helmisaari
Soil acidification along an ammonium deposition gradient in a Corsican Pine stand in northern Belgium, Pages 427-431, An De Schrijver, Lieven Nachtergale, Peter Roskams, Luc De Keersmaeker, Sylvie Mussche, Noël Lust
Nitrogen saturation experiments (NITREX) in coniferous forest ecosystems in Europe: a summary of results, Pages 433-437, A. Tietema, A.W. Boxman, M. Bredemeier, B.A. Emmett, F. Moldan, P. Gundersen, P. Schleppi, R.F. Wright
Episodic behaviour of nitrate in runoff during six years of nitrogen addition to the NITREX catchment at Gårdsjön, Sweden, Pages 439-444, F. Moldan, R.F. Wright
The influence of drought and natural rewetting on nitrogen dynamics in a coniferous ecosystem in Ireland, Pages 445-451, Miriam G. Ryan, P. O'Toole, E.P. Farrell
Evaluation of organic horizon C:N ratio as an indicator of nitrate leaching in conifer forests across Europe, Pages 453-456, N.B. Dise, E. Matzner, M. Forsius
Soil nitrous oxide and nitric oxide emissions as indicators of elevated atmospheric N deposition rates in seminatural ecosystems, Pages 457-461, U. Skiba, L. Sheppard, C.E.R. Pitcairn, I. Leith, A. Crossley, S. van Dijk, V.H. Kennedy, D. Fowler
Effects of enhanced N deposition as (NH4)2SO4 and HNO3 on base cation leaching from podzol microcosms, Pages 463-469, C.C. White, M.S. Cresser
Leaching of nitrate from agriculture to groundwater: the effect of policies and measures in the Netherlands, Pages 471-478, O. Oenema, P.C.M. Boers, M.M. van Eerdt, B. Fraters, H.G. Van der Meer, C.W.J. Roest, J.J. Schröder, W.J. Willems
Nitrogen monitoring in groundwater in the sandy regions of the Netherlands, Pages 479-485, Dico Fraters, Leo J.M. Boumans, Gerard van Drecht, Tjomme de Haan, Wim D. de Hoop
Nitrate in sources of drinking water? Dutch drinking water companies aim at prevention, Pages 487-492, L.T.A. Joosten, S.T. Buijze, D.M. Jansen
Nitrogen balances and leaching in four agricultural catchments in southeastern Norway, Pages 493-499, M. Bechmann, H.O. Eggestad, N. Vagstad
Influence of set-aside on the nitrate content of soil profiles, Pages 501-506, P. Clotuche, B. Godden, V. van Bol, A. Peeters, M. Penninckx
N-fluxes and efficiencies on farms in Styria, Austria, Pages 507-513, M. Kuderna, W.E.H. Blum
Environmental impacts of different nitrogen inputs on dairy farms and implications for the Resource Management Act of New Zealand, Pages 515-519, S.F. Ledgard, J.R. Crush, J.W. Penno
Nitrogen removal in buffer strips along a lowland stream in the Netherlands: a pilot study, Pages 521-526, Mariet M. Hefting, Jeroen J.M. de Klein
Nitrate in nature: product of soil cover, Pages 527-530, P. Bielek
Computer-aided model system N-PROG® for estimating the requirements of nitrogen, crop yields and post-harvest nitrogen residues with respect to ecological parameters, economic and crop management factors, Pages 531-538, Peter Schoop
Modelling the effect of atmospheric deposition on shallow heathland lakes in the Netherlands: Dry deposition on water — now you see it, now you don't, Pages 539-546, F.G. Wortelboer
Effects of eutrophication in drainage ditches, Pages 547-552, Jan H. Janse, Peter J.T.M. van Puijenbroek
Nitrogen in Dutch freshwater lakes: trends and targets, Pages 553-557, D.T. Van der Molen, R. Portielje, W.T. de Nobel, P.C.M. Boers
Factors influencing NO3 concentrations in rain, stream water, ground water and podzol profiles of eight small catchments in the European Arctic, Pages 559-568, Galina Kashulina, Clemens Reimann, Tor Erik Finne, Patrice de Caritat, Heikki Niskavaara
Application of a conceptual catchment scale nitrate transport model on two rural river basins, Pages 569-577, Y. van Herpe, P.A. Troch, L. Callewier, P.F. Quinn
Setting international targets for controlling atmospheric emissions of pollutants — now and in the future, Pages 581-589, Keith R. Bull, Jane R. Hall
Critical loads for nitrogen deposition and their exceedance at European scale, Pages 591-598, J.C.I. Kuylenstierna, W.K. Hicks, S. Cinderby, H. Cambridge
Optimizing air quality management in Europe and North America: Justification for integrated management of both oxidized and reduced forms of nitrogen, Pages 599-608, E.B. Cowling, J.W. Erisman, S.M. Smeulders, S.C. Holman, B.M. Nicholson
The nitrogen reduction programme in the Federal Republic of Germany, Pages 609-617, Franziska Eichler, Dietrich Schulz
Canadian NOx/VOC Science Assessment: science and policy linkages, Pages 619-624, C. Olivotto, J.W. Bottenheim
The EU Acidification Strategy: Sensitivity of calculated emission ceilings for nitrogen and sulphur for Denmark, Pages 625-633, J. Bak, K. Tybirk
The limitations of integrated assessment modelling in developing air pollution control policies, Pages 635-639, A.T. Cocks, I.R. Rodgers, R.A. Skeffington, A.H. Webb
Emission reduction scenarios for nitrogen compounds and their impact on acidification, eutrophication and ozone formation in Flanders, Pages 641-647, C. Mensink, F. Beirens
Spatial planning as a tool for decreasing nitrogen loads in nature areas, Pages 649-655, Albert Bleeker, Jan Willem Erisman
Economic impact of reductions in exposure of agricultural crops to nitrogen- and sulphuroxides in the Netherlands, Pages 657-661, F.H.J. Bunte, J.H.M. Wijnands, J. Bremmer, M. Hoogeveen, A.E.G. Tonneijck
Transport and the environment: the contribution of national and local policies, Pages 663-670, B. van Wee, K. Geurs, R. van den Brink, J.A. Annema
Policies and instruments for reducing nitrogen oxide emissions from stationary sources in the Netherlands, Pages 671-675, Lex de Jonge
NOx emission abatement in EU power stations: results and response to the acidification strategy, Pages 677-683, J. Van der Kooij
Reduction of nitrogen oxides in flue gases, Pages 685-689, Miroslav Radojevic
Modified ZSM-5 zeolite as DENOX catalyst, Pages 691-695, J. Varga, J. Halász, I. Kiricsi
Mixed farming systems as a way towards a more efficient use of nitrogen in European Union agriculture, Pages 697-704, G.J.M. Oomen, E.A. Lantinga, E.A. Goewie, K.W. Van der Hoek
Mineral accounting: the way to combat eutrophication and to achieve the drinking water objective, Pages 705-709, H.M.P. van den Brandt, H.P. Smit
Environmental performance indicators for nitrogen, Pages 711-715, Marjoleine C. Hanegraaf
Nitrification—denitrification processes and technologies in new contexts, Pages 717-726, W. Verstraete, S. Philips
Recovery of valuable nitrogen compounds from agricultural liquid wastes: potential possibilities, bottlenecks and future technological challenges, Pages 727-735, W.H. Rulkens, A. Klapwijk, H.C. Willers
EU Policies for the reduction of nitrogen in water: the example of the Nitrates Directive, Pages 737-740, R.G. Goodchild
Alternative strategies for reducing nitrogen loading, Pages 741-748, J.J. Jensen, E. Skop
Analysis of environmental policy measures aimed at reducing nitrogen leaching at the farm level, Pages 749-754, Berit Hasler
Nitrate leaching in dairy farming: economic effects of environmental restrictions, Pages 755-761, R. Groeneveld, A.F. Bouwman, S. Kruitwagen, E.C. Van Ierland
Making the link between science and policy: controlling N losses from agriculture in Canada, Pages 763-769, C.R. De Kimpe, K.B. MacDonald
Nitrogen enrichment of European inland and marine waters with special attention to Danish policy measures, Pages 771-780, Torben Moth Iversen, Ruth Grant, Kurt Nielsen
Author index, Pages 781-782
Keyword Index, Pages 783-785
List of participants, Pages 787-795
Announcement, Page 796, James Galloway