Nitrates III: Cardiovascular Effects

Front Matter....Pages I-XXI
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Pharmacology of Nitrates in Relation to Antianginal Action....Pages 2-11
Pharmacokinetics — Pharmacodynamics and the Bioavailability of Organic Nitrate Drug Products....Pages 12-22
Fate of Isosorbide Mononitrates in Man....Pages 23-26
Tolerance to Circulatory and Clinical Effects of Nitrates....Pages 27-36
Panel Discussion....Pages 37-38
Front Matter....Pages 39-39
Pharmacokinetics of Isosorbide Dinitrate in Human Subjects....Pages 40-46
Pharmacokinetics of Isosorbide Mononitrates in Human Subjects....Pages 47-53
Comparative Haemodynamic and Pharmacokinetic Investigations After Oral Isosorbide-2-mononitrate and Isosorbide-5-mononitrate....Pages 54-60
Newer Methods of Administration of Nitrates to Man to Give a More Predictable Therapeutic Response....Pages 61-65
Plasma Concentrations and Hemodynamic Effects of Percutaneously Administered Nitroglycerin and Isosorbide Dinitrate in Healthy Volunteers....Pages 66-74
Effects of Acute and Chronic Administration of Isosorbide Dinitrate, Sustained-Release Form, in Patients with Angina Pectoris....Pages 75-81
May Prolonged High Doses of Nitrates Cause Tolerance? Preliminary Results on the Response to an Additional Dose by Infusion....Pages 82-90
A New Topical Drug Delivery System for Nitroglycerin....Pages 91-94
Echocardiographic Assessment of Different Doses of Oral Isosorbide Dinitrate in Patients with and without Heart Failure: Increase in Response with Dose....Pages 95-99
Unchanged Efficacy of Acute Sublingual Nitrate Compounds During Long-term Treatment with Percutaneously Applied Isosorbide Dinitrate Ointment....Pages 100-109
Induction and Inhibition of Organic Nitrate Metabolism....Pages 110-116
Digital Pulse Plethysmography: a Sensitive Test of the Pharmacodynamics of Nitrates — Reproducibility and Quantitation of the Technique....Pages 117-122
Discussion....Pages 123-124
Front Matter....Pages 125-125
Direct and Indirect Effects of Nitroglycerin on Systolic and Diastolic Left Ventricular Function....Pages 126-133
Left Ventricular Function and Regional Wall Motion After Intracoronary Application of Nitrates in Coronary Heart Disease....Pages 134-140
Front Matter....Pages 125-125
Different Effects of Intracoronary and Intravenous Administration of Nitroglycerin on the Microcirculation of the Ventricular Myocardium of the Cat and Rat Heart....Pages 141-146
Diastolic Pressure-Volume Relation and Left Ventricular Mass in Man After Autonomic Blockade and During Afterload Variation with Isosorbide Dinitrate and Methoxamine....Pages 147-150
Early Hemodynamic Responses to Single Dose Intravenous Nitroglycerin: Time Course Relationships....Pages 151-156
Demonstration of a Real Inotropic Effect of Nitrites on Myocardial Contractility During Anoxia and Reoxygenation: Attempt to Determine Action Site with the Contribution of Calcium Antagonistic Compounds....Pages 157-169
Use of Intravenously Administered Isosorbide Dinitrate to Determine Reversibility of Myocardial Asynergy After Myocardial Infarction....Pages 170-174
Hemodynamic Interaction of Beta-Blockers and Nitrates in Coronary Heart Disease....Pages 175-179
Discussion....Pages 180-181
Front Matter....Pages 183-183
Effect of Nitrates on Myocardial Blood Flow During Angina: Comparison of Results Obtained by Inert Gas Clearance and 201 Thallium Imaging....Pages 184-191
Collateral Pressure Distal to Coronary Obstructions — Influence of Nitrates....Pages 192-192
Effects of Systemic Nitroglycerin on Perfusion of Ischemic Myocardium in Clinical Coronary Artery Disease....Pages 193-201
Effects of Nitroglycerin on Blood Velocity and Flow in Coronary Arteries and Bypass Grafts in Man....Pages 202-208
The Effect of Nitrates on Pressure-times Indices and Coronary Graft Blood Flow in Man....Pages 209-213
Angina Pectoris and Other Effects After Intracoronary Administration of Nitroglycerin....Pages 214-220
Discussion....Pages 221-222
Front Matter....Pages 223-223
Comparative Vasodilating Effects of Nitroglycerin and Verapamil on Large Coronary Arteries in Man....Pages 224-230
Quantitative Coronary Angiography: Effect of Isosorbide Dinitrate on Coronary Artery Stenoses....Pages 231-237
Threshold Dosages of Nitroglycerin for Coronary Artery Dilatation, Afterload Reduction,and Venous Pooling in Conscious Dogs....Pages 238-250
Influence of Nitroglycerin on Aortic Compliance, Capacity of the Windkessel, and Peripheral Resistance....Pages 251-255
Echocardiographic Findings of Left Ventricular Function Before and After Isosorbide Dinitrate in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients....Pages 256-262
Hemorrheological and Hemodynamic Effects of ISDN in Essential Hypertension and Obliterative Arterial Disease....Pages 263-270
Front Matter....Pages 223-223
Coronary Artery Spasm Combined with Walk-Through Phenomenon — a Special Type of Prinzmetal’s Angina....Pages 271-276
Discussion....Pages 277-278
Front Matter....Pages 279-279
Effect of Nitroglycerin on the Diameter of Peripheral Arterial and Venous Pulmonary Vessels....Pages 280-284
Nitrates in Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension Due to Airways Obstruction....Pages 285-292
Comparison of the Effects of Nitroglycerin and Aminophylline on Hemodynamics and Lung Function in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease....Pages 293-298
Influence of Nitroglycerin on Central Hemodynamics and $${\dot V_A}/{\dot Q_C}$$ of the Lungs in the Postoperative Period After Coronary Bypass Surgery....Pages 299-309
Effect of Sustained-Release Isosorbide Dinitrate on Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Patients with Chronic Cor Pulmonale....Pages 310-313
Influence of Isosorbide Dinitrate on Pulmonary Circulation and Gas Exchange in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome....Pages 314-321
Discussion....Pages 322-322
Front Matter....Pages 323-323
The Use of Sodium Nitroprusside in the Treatment of the Acute Phase of Myocardial Infarction....Pages 324-328
The Role of Nitroglycerin in Acute Myocardial Infarction....Pages 329-340
Nitroprusside and Nitroglycerin in Acute Myocardial Infarction....Pages 341-347
The Effect of Intracoronary Nitroglycerin in Acute Myocardial Infarction....Pages 348-351
Panel Discussion....Pages 352-354
Intracoronary Thrombolysis in Evolving Myocardial Infarction....Pages 355-358
Feasibility of Nitroprusside Therapy in Patients with Hypotension Due to Severe Left Ventricular Failure in Acute Myocardial Infarction....Pages 359-361
Vasodilator-Induced Changes in Global and Regional Ventricular Function in Acute Myocardial Infarction....Pages 362-362
A Randomized Trial of Prolonged Nitroglycerin Infusion in Acute Myocardial Infarction....Pages 363-370
Intravenous Nitroglycerin in Unstable Angina....Pages 371-376
The Action of Nitroglycerin on Pacing-Induced Arrhythmias....Pages 377-383
Front Matter....Pages 323-323
Discussion....Pages 384-385
Front Matter....Pages 387-387
Assessment of the Effect of Isosorbide Dinitrate on Left Ventricular Hemodynamics at Rest and Under Exercise in Patients with CHD by Gated Blood Pool Scintigraphy....Pages 388-395
Influence of Isosorbide Dinitrate and Mononitrate on the Ejection Fraction and Wall Motion Parameters at Rest and Under Exercise in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease....Pages 396-400
Influence of Nitroglycerine on Myocardial Metabolism of Cyclic AMP, Cyclic GMP, Lactate, Free Fatty Acids, and Glucose at Rest and During Exercise in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease....Pages 401-405
Attenuation of Nitrate Preload Reduction by Exercise in Patients with Severe Chronic Heart Failure....Pages 406-410
Sustained Effect of Isosorbide Dinitrate Ointment on Angina and Exercise-Induced Electrocardiographic Changes in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease....Pages 411-418
Exercise-Induced Nonischemic Angina Pectoris Due to Abnormal Left Ventricular Compliance: Effects of Nitroglycerin....Pages 419-423
Long-Term Effects of Isosorbide Dinitrate and Molsidomine on Left Ventricular Wall Motion and Dimensions in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease and Stable Angina Pectoris....Pages 424-426
Myocardial Oxygen Consumption and Coronary Blood Flow at Rest and During Exercise After Application of Nitroglycerin....Pages 427-435
Effect of Isosorbide Dinitrate and Coronary Bypass Surgery on the Perfusion Distribution and Regional Tracer Uptake in 201 Thallium Stress Scintigraphy....Pages 436-444
Effects of Nitrates at Rest and During Bicycle Exercise and Cross-Country Walking....Pages 445-450
Discussion....Pages 451-452
Front Matter....Pages 453-453
Peripheral Circulation in Congestive Heart Failure....Pages 454-460
General Principles of Treatment with Vasodilators....Pages 461-468
Chronic Refractory Pump Failure: Effects on Hemodynamics and Circulating Catecholamines of Intravenous Isosorbide Dinitrate....Pages 469-472
Treatment of Low-Output Failure After Open Heart Surgery with Nitroglycerin and Dobutamine....Pages 473-478
Afterload Reduction with Dipyridamole and Preload Reduction with ISDN in Congestive Heart Failure....Pages 479-485
Panel Discussion....Pages 486-487
Effect of Nitroglycerin on Hemodynamics and Catecholamines in Patients with Left Heart Failure....Pages 488-494
Dose Response Study of Acute Hemodynamic Effects of Intravenous Isosorbide Dinitrate in Patients with and without Heart Failure....Pages 495-504
Front Matter....Pages 453-453
Comparative Efficacy of Nitroprusside and Prazosin on Cardiocirculatory Function in Chronic Congestive Heart Failure....Pages 505-509
Efficacy of Long-Term Nitrate Treatment in Chronic Left Ventricular Failure....Pages 510-515
Haemodynamic Effects of High Dose Isosorbide Dinitrate (160 mg Daily) in Severe Congestive Heart Failure....Pages 516-520
Renal Changes in Low Cardiac Output Failure: Improvement with Vasodilators....Pages 521-527
Discussion....Pages 528-528
Front Matter....Pages 529-529
Comparison of Intravenous Nitroglycerin and Nitroprusside as Arterial Vasodilators....Pages 530-534
Influence of Sodium Nitroprusside on Myocardial Function Early After Aortocoronary Bypass Surgery....Pages 535-539
Influence of Deliberate Hypotension on Oxygenation and Plasma Catecholamines During Coronary Bypass Surgery....Pages 540-545
The Effects of Nitroglycerin in Patients with Valvular Heart Disease: Hemodynamic and Radionuclide Cineangiographic Studies....Pages 546-551
Effects of Volume Expansion and Vasodilators on Hemodynamics and Organ Perfusion in Acute Pericardial Tamponade....Pages 552-557
Effects of Nitroglycerin on Left Ventricular and Myocardial Function in Aortic Stenosis....Pages 558-564
Discussion....Pages 565-566
Front Matter....Pages 567-567
Sodium Nitroprusside: Indication that Peripheral Vascular Beds are the Sites for its Rapid in Vivo Inactivation....Pages 568-572
Influence of ISDN, Molsidomine, Nifedipine, and DHE, on the Venous Tone in Man....Pages 573-576
Effects of Sodium Nitroprusside (Nipruss) in Addition to Volume Administration in Shock States Associated with Increased Total Peripheral Vascular Resistance....Pages 577-581
Organic Nitrate — A New Principle in Glaucoma Therapy?....Pages 582-586
Nitrates: Concluding Remarks....Pages 587-589
Back Matter....Pages 591-597