Nineteenth Century Art: A Critical History: Fifth Edition

Cover (Nineteenth Century Art: A Critical History)
Front Matter
	Half Title
	Title Page
	Copyright
	Contents
	Preface
Introduction: Critical Art and History
	The First Modern Century
	Art and Emancipation, Art and Reaction
	A Critical Survey of Nineteenth-Century Art
Part 1 - Classicism and Romanticism
	Chapter 1 - Patriotism and Virtue: David to the Young Ingres c. 1780–1810
		Introduction
		The Cult of Civic Virtue
		A Call to Order
		The Enterprise of Women
		The Circle of Men
		A Violent Patrimony
		Tragedy and the Republic of Equals
		Figures of Revolutionary Virtue
		Figures of Revolutionary Death
		Leaving Terror Behind
		The Sublime of Authoritarianism
		Dreams beyond History
	Chapter 2 - Classicism in Crisis: Gros to Delacroix c. 1800–1830
		Introduction
		Force of Arms
		An Imperial Antiquity
		The Artist Hero in the Face of Empire
		Return from the Wreckage
		Punishments of the Damned
		Suicide of the Despot
	Chapter 3 - The Tensions of Enlightenment: Goya c. 1775–1828
		Introduction
		Reason and Madness: Conflicts of the Age
		Divided Allegiance, Rapid Success
		The Anti-Enlightenment
		The Image of the Pueblo: The Later Art of Goya
		Madness
		Los Caprichos
		The Mythic Pueblo: The Second of May and Third of May
		The Disasters of War
		The “Black Paintings”
	Chapter 4 - Visionary History Painting: Blake and His Contemporaries c. 1780–1810
		Introduction
		Blake’s Revolution
		Body Politics and Religious Mysticism
		Blake’s Public Art
		Blake and Contemporary English Art of the Sublime
		Prophecy and Prehistory
	Chapter 5 - Nature and History in English Romantic Landscape Painting c. 1790–1845
		Introduction
		Landscape Instincts and the Picturesque
		Three Critical Thinkers: Marx, Ruskin, and Baudelaire
		Ruins and Cities
		Constable’s Rustic Naturalism
		Constable and the Ruin of England
		Art and the Industrial Revolution
		Visionary Landscapes of Palmer and Martin
		Turner’s Meaningful Obscurity
		Turner’s Later Work
	Chapter 6 - Landscape Art and Romantic Nationalism in Germany and America c. 1800–1865
		Introduction
		Runge’s New Age
		A Soulful Past: Lukasbund
		Friedrich and the Mediation of Landscape
		Progress and Its Discontents: Thomas Cole and the American Landscape
		To Silence or to Reveal Nature’s Allegory
	Chapter 7 - Architecture Unshackled 1790–1851
		Introduction
		A Modern Enlightenment
		The New Architecture of Social Institutions
		Architecture and the Gothic Imagination
		Changing Urban Landscapes
		Faith or Technology
Part 2 - New World Frontiers
	Chapter 8 - Old World, New World: The Encounters of Cultures on the American Frontier 1790–1900
		Introduction
		The Myth of the Frontier
		The Stain on a Painter’s Palette: Charles Bird King and George Catlin
		Alternative Representations: Photography and Ledger Art
	Chapter 9 - Black and White in America 1810–1900
		Introduction
		The Abolitionist Movement and Challenges to Racial Stereotypes
		Prelude to the Civil War
		African Americans and the Civil War
		Images of Reconstruction: Prisoners from the Front and a Visit from the Old Mistress
		African American Artists at Home and Abroad: Edmonia Lewis and Henry Osawa Tanner
Part 3 - Realism and Naturalism
	Chapter 10 - The Generation of 1830 and the Crisis in the Public Sphere 1830–1848
		Introduction
		Romanticism and the Burden of Truth
		The July Monarchy and the Art of the Juste Milieu
		Genre Historique
		The Paradox of Patriotism: David D’angers’s Pantheon Pediment
		Classicism and the Woman Question: Thomas Couture
		Three Fundamental Concepts: Academic Art, the Avant-Garde, and Modernism
		Race and Racism
	Chapter 11 - The Rhetoric of Realism: Courbet and the Origins of the Avant-Garde c. 1840–1880
		Introduction
		Rhetorics of Realist Art and Politics
		The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
		Ford Madox Brown’s Work
		Art and Revolution
		Courbet’s Trilogy of 1849–50
		Art and Popular Culture
		Courbet’s The Studio of the Painter
	Chapter 12 - Photography, Modernity, and Art c. 1830–1917
		Introduction
		The Daguerreotype in France
		Fox Talbot and Photography in Britain
		The Identity of Photography
		The Discourses of Photography
		The Daguerreotype in America
		Paper Photography in Europe
		The Expansion of Photography
		Disdéri and the Carte-de-visite
		Nadar and Portraiture
		Photography and Art
		Art Photography in Britain
		Cameron and the Debate over Focus
		Emerson and Scientific Vision
		Kodak and Amateur Photography
		Pictorialism and the Photo-Secession
		Stieglitz in New York
		Strand and Modernism
		Conclusion
	Chapter 13 - The Decline of History Painting: Germany, Italy, France, and Russia c. 1855–1890
		Introduction
		Liberating Art from History
		The Rise of Naturalism in Germany
		The Italian Macchiaioli
		Art and Animals
		Individualism in French Salon Art
		The Salon and the Salon Des Refusés
		Classicists at the Salon
		Romanticists at the Salon
		Naturalists at the Salon
		Ecology
		Challenges to Academic Painting in Russia
Part 4 - Modern Art and Life
	Chapter 14 - Architecture and Design in the Age of Industry c. 1850–1900
		Introduction
		Handcraft and Machine Production
		Opposition to Mechanization
		William Morris
		Charles Darwin and the Evolution of Form
		Arts and Crafts Architecture and Town Planning
		The Garden City
		Reconciliation with the Machine
		Art Nouveau
		Wright and the Emergence of an American Machine Esthetic
		The Architecture of World’s Fairs and Capitalist Commerce
		The Crystal Palace
		The Eiffel Tower
		Louis Sullivan: Form Follows Function
	Chapter 15 - Manet and the Impressionists c. 1850–1882
		Introduction
		Edouard Manet and Haussmannization
		The Flâneur
		Manet’s Olympia
		Impressionism and the Commodity
		Impressionism Defined
		The “Mirror of Painting”
	Chapter 16 - Issues of Gender in Cassatt and Eakins 1860–1900
		Introduction
		Gender and Difference
		The Portrait
		Cassatt and the Gaze
		Eakins and the American Hero
		Women and Children
		Cassatt, Eakins, and the Modern Allegory
	Chapter 17 - Mass Culture and Utopia: Seurat and Neoimpressionism c. 1880–1900
		Introduction
		The Antinomies of Georges Seurat
		Seurat’s Drawings and Their Dispersion of Meaning
		A “Manifesto Painting”: A Sunday on La Grande Jatte
		Seurat’s Method: “Chromo-Luminarism”
		Utopianism
		The Paradox of Pleasure: Le Chahut
		Mass Culture
	Chapter 18 - The Appeal of Modern Art: Toulouse-Lautrec c. 1880–1900
		Introduction
		Novelty and Desire
		The Crowd
		Toulouse-Lautrec and Urban Art
		Modern Form, Popular Content
		Poster Art
		The Metropolitan Fetish
	Chapter 19 - Abstraction and Populism: Van Gogh 1880–1890
		Introduction
		Seurat and Van Gogh Compared
		Two Myths about Van Gogh
		Van Gogh’s First Statements of Purpose
		Early Art in the Hague and Neunen: The Potato Eaters
		Academic Training and Avant-Garde Education in Antwerp and Paris
		Van Gogh in Arles
		Starry Night and Critical Modernism
	Chapter 20 - Symbolism and the Dialectics of Retreat c. 1885–1910
		Introduction
		Modernism versus Symbolism
		The Rhetoric of Symbolism
		Gauguin and Symbolism in Brittany
		Ensor and Populism
		Symbolist Landscape Painting: Munch, Redon, Monet, and Hodler
		The Vienna Secession
		Gauguin and Symbolism in Tahiti
	Chapter 21 - The Failure and Success of Cézanne c. 1865–1906
		Introduction
		Symbolism in Extremis
		Cézanne: The Cultural Revolutionary
		Cézanne’s Development: The Quest for Totality
		Cézanne’s Artistic Maturity
		Cézanne and the End of Nineteenth-Century Art
		Method in Cézanne
Chronology
Glossary
Select Bibliography
Picture Credits
Index