NFPA 13: Automatic Sprinkler Systems Handbook, 2019 Edition

Automatic Sprinkler Systems Handbook
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Features of the Automatic Sprinkler Systems Handbook, 2019 Edition
Copyright
Dedication
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Contributors
About the Editors
CHAPTER 1:  Administration
	1.1* Scope.
		A.1.1
		1.1.1
		1.1.2*
			A.1.1.2
			1.1.2.1
			1.1.2.2
		1.1.3*
			A.1.1.3
	1.2* Purpose.
		A.1.2
		1.2.1
		1.2.2
	1.3 Application.
		1.3.1
		1.3.2 Level of Protection.
		1.3.3
	1.4 Retroactivity.
		1.4.1
		1.4.2
		1.4.3
	1.5 Equivalency.
		1.5.1
		1.5.2
	1.6 Units and Symbols.
		1.6.1 Units.
			1.6.1.1
			1.6.1.2
			1.6.1.3
			1.6.1.4*
				A.1.6.1.4
		1.6.2 Hydraulic Symbols.
		1.6.3*
			A.1.6.3
	1.7 New Technology.
		1.7.1
		1.7.2
CHAPTER 2:  Referenced Publications
	2.1 General.
	2.2 NFPA Publications.
	2.3 Other Publications.
		2.3.1 ACI Publications.
		2.3.2 ASCE Publications.
		2.3.3 ASME Publications.
		2.3.4 ASTM Publications.
		2.3.5 AWS Publications.
		2.3.6 AWWA Publications.
		2.3.7 ICC-ES Publications.
		2.3.8 IEEE Publications.
		2.3.9 UL Publications.
		2.3.10 U.S. Government Publications.
		2.3.11 Other Publications.
	2.4 References for Extracts in Mandatory Sections.
CHAPTER 3:  Definitions
	3.1 General.
	3.2 NFPA Official Definitions.
		3.2.1* Approved.
			A.3.2.1 Approved.
		3.2.2* Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ).
			A.3.2.2 Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ).
		3.2.3* Listed.
			A.3.2.3 Listed.
		3.2.4 Shall.
		3.2.5 Should.
		3.2.6 Standard.
	3.3 General Definitions.
		3.3.1 A-Class Boundary.
		3.3.2 Air Receiver.
		3.3.3 Air Reservoir.
		3.3.4* Aisle Width.
			A.3.3.4 Aisle Width.
		3.3.5 Antifreeze Sprinkler System.
		3.3.6 Appurtenance.
		3.3.7 Arm-Over.
		3.3.8 Array.
			3.3.8.1 Closed Array.
			3.3.8.2 Closed Array (Rolled Paper).
			3.3.8.3* Open Array.
				A.3.3.8.3 Open Array.
			3.3.8.4 Open Array (Rolled Paper).
			3.3.8.5* Standard Array (Rolled Paper).
				A.3.3.8.5 Standard Array (Rolled Paper).
		3.3.9 Automated Inspection and Testing.
		3.3.10 Automatic Sprinkler.
		3.3.11 Automotive Components on Portable Racks.
		3.3.12* Back-to-Back Shelf Storage.
			A.3.3.12 Back-to-Back Shelf Storage.
		3.3.13* Baled Cotton.
			A.3.3.13 Baled Cotton.
		3.3.14 Banded Roll Paper Storage.
		3.3.15 Banded Tires.
		3.3.16* Bathroom.
			A.3.3.16 Bathroom.
		3.3.17 B-Class Boundary.
		3.3.18 Bin Box Storage.
		3.3.19 Branch Lines.
		3.3.20 Bulkhead.
		3.3.21* Carton Records Storage.
			A.3.3.21 Carton Records Storage.
		3.3.22 Cartoned.
		3.3.23 Catwalk.
		3.3.24 Ceiling Height.
		3.3.25* Ceiling Pocket.
			A.3.3.25 Ceiling Pocket.
		3.3.26 Ceiling Types.
			3.3.26.1 Flat Ceiling.
			3.3.26.2 Horizontal Ceiling.
			3.3.26.3 Sloped Ceiling.
			3.3.26.4 Smooth Ceiling.
		3.3.27 Central Safety Station.
		3.3.28 Check Valve.
		3.3.29 Clearance to Ceiling.
		3.3.30 Closed Array (Palletized, Solid-Piled, Bin Box, and Shelf Storage).
		3.3.31 Closed Array (Rolled Paper).
		3.3.32 Cloud Ceiling.
		3.3.33 Column (Rolled Paper).
		3.3.34 Combined Dry Pipe–Reaction Sprinkler System.
		3.3.35 Commodity.
		3.3.36 Compact Storage.
		3.3.37 Compact Storage Module.
		3.3.38 Compartment.
		3.3.39* Compartmented.
			A.3.3.39 Compartmented.
		3.3.40 Concealed Sprinkler.
		3.3.41 Construction Definitions.
			3.3.41.1* Obstructed Construction.
				A.3.3.41.1 Obstructed Construction.
			3.3.41.2* Unobstructed Construction.
				A.3.3.41.2 Unobstructed Construction.
		3.3.42* Container (Shipping, Master, or Outer Container).
			A.3.3.42 Container (Shipping, Master, or Outer
		3.3.43 Continuous Obstruction.
		3.3.44 Control Mode Density/Area (CMDA) Sprinkler.
		3.3.45 Control Mode Specific Application (CMSA) Sprinkler.
		3.3.46* Control Valve.
			A.3.3.46 Control Valve.
		3.3.47 Conventional Pallet.
		3.3.48 Core (Rolled Paper).
		3.3.49 Corrosion-Resistant Piping.
		3.3.50 Corrosion-Resistant Sprinkler.
		3.3.51 Corrosion-Retarding Material.
		3.3.52 Cp.
		3.3.53 Cross Mains.
		3.3.54 Deluge Sprinkler System.
		3.3.55 Distance Monitoring.
		3.3.56 Double-Row Racks.
		3.3.57* Draft Curtain.
			A.3.3.57 Draft Curtain.
		3.3.58 Drop-Out Ceiling.
		3.3.59 Dry Barrel Hydrant (Frostproof
		3.3.60 Dry Pipe Sprinkler System.
		3.3.61 Dry Sprinkler.
		3.3.62 Dwelling Unit (for sprinkler system installations).
		3.3.63 Early Suppression Fast-Response (ESFR) Sprinkler.
		3.3.64* Encapsulation.
			A.3.3.64 Encapsulation.
		3.3.65 Expanded (Foamed or Cellular) Plastics.
		3.3.66 Exposed Group A Plastic
		3.3.67 Extended Coverage Sprinkler.
		3.3.68 Extension Fitting.
		3.3.69 Extra Hazard (Group 1) (EH1).
		3.3.70 Extra Hazard (Group 2) (EH2).
		3.3.71* Face Sprinklers.
			A.3.3.71 Face Sprinklers.
		3.3.72 Feed Mains.
		3.3.73 Fire Control.
		3.3.74 Fire Department Connection.
		3.3.75 Fire Pump.
		3.3.76 Fire Suppression.
		3.3.77 Flat Ceiling.
		3.3.78 Flexible Coupling.
		3.3.79 Flow Hydrant.
		3.3.80 Flow Test.
		3.3.81 Flush Sprinkler.
		3.3.82 Flushing Test.
		3.3.83* Four-Way Bracing.
			A.3.3.83 Four-Way Bracing.
		3.3.84 Fpw.
		3.3.85 Free-Flowing Plastic Materials.
		3.3.86 Fuel-Fired Heating Unit.
		3.3.87 General Sprinkler Characteristics.
		3.3.88 Gridded Sprinkler System.
		3.3.89 Hanger.
		3.3.90 Heat-Sensitive Material.
		3.3.91 Heel.
		3.3.92 Heel Angle.
		3.3.93 High Volume Low Speed Fan.
		3.3.94 High-Challenge Fire Hazard.
		3.3.95 High-Piled Storage.
		3.3.96 Horizontal Barrier.
		3.3.97 Horizontal Ceiling.
		3.3.98 Horizontal Channel.
		3.3.99 Horizontal Roll Paper Storage.
		3.3.100 Hose House.
		3.3.101 Hydrant.
			3.3.101.1 Dry Barrel Hydrant (Frostproof Hydrant).
			3.3.101.2 Flow Hydrant.
			3.3.101.3 Private Fire Hydrant.
			3.3.101.4 Public Hydrant.
			3.3.101.5 Residual Hydrant.
			3.3.101.6 Wet Barrel Hydrant.
		3.3.102 Hydrant Butt.
		3.3.103 Hydraulically Calculated Water Demand Flow Rate.
		3.3.104 Hydraulically Designed System.
		3.3.105 Hydrostatic Test.
		3.3.106* Indicating Valve.
			A.3.3.106 Indicating Valve.
		3.3.107 Installation Orientation.
		3.3.108 Institutional Sprinkler.
		3.3.109 Intermediate-Level Sprinkler/Rack Storage Sprinkler.
		3.3.110 International Shore Connection.
		3.3.111 Laced Tire Storage.
		3.3.112 Lateral Brace.
		3.3.113 Light Hazard.
		3.3.114* Limited-Combustible (Material).
			A.3.3.114 Limited-Combustible (Material).
		3.3.115 Longitudinal Brace.
		3.3.116* Longitudinal Flue Space.
			A.3.3.116 Longitudinal Flue Space.
		3.3.117 Looped Sprinkler System.
		3.3.118* Low-Piled Storage.
			A.3.3.118 Low-Piled Storage.
		3.3.119 Marine Definitions.
			3.3.119.1 A-Class Boundary.
			3.3.119.2 B-Class Boundary.
			3.3.119.3 Central Safety Station.
			3.3.119.4* Heat-Sensitive Material.
				A.3.3.119.4 Heat-Sensitive Material.
			3.3.119.5 Heel.
			3.3.119.6 Heel Angle.
			3.3.119.7* International Shore Connection.
				A.3.3.119.7 International Shore Connection.
			3.3.119.8* Marine System.
				A.3.3.119.8 Marine System.
			3.3.119.9* Marine Thermal Barrier.
				A.3.3.119.9 Marine Thermal Barrier.
			3.3.119.10 Marine Water Supply.
			3.3.119.11 Supervision.
			3.3.119.12 Survival Angle.
			3.3.119.13 Type 1 Stair.
		3.3.120 Marine System.
		3.3.121 Marine Thermal Barrier.
		3.3.122 Marine Water Supply.
		3.3.123* Miscellaneous Storage.
			A.3.3.123 Miscellaneous Storage.
		3.3.124* Miscellaneous Tire Storage.
			A.3.3.124 Miscellaneous Tire Storage.
		3.3.125 Movable Racks.
		3.3.126 Multicycle System.
		3.3.127 Multiple-Row Racks.
		3.3.128 Net Vertical Force.
		3.3.129 Noncombustible Material.
		3.3.130 Noncontinuous Obstruction.
		3.3.131 Nozzles.
		3.3.132 Obstructed Construction.
		3.3.133 Obstruction.
			3.3.133.1 Continuous Obstruction.
			3.3.133.2 Noncontinuous Obstruction.
		3.3.134 Occupancies.
			3.3.134.1 Extra Hazard (Group 1) (EH1).
			3.3.134.2 Extra Hazard (Group 2) (EH2).
			3.3.134.3 Light Hazard Occupancies.
			3.3.134.4 Ordinary Hazard (Group 1) (OH1).
			3.3.134.5 Ordinary Hazard (Group 2) (OH2).
		3.3.135 Old-Style/Conventional Sprinkler.
		3.3.136 On-Side Tire Storage.
		3.3.137 On-Tread Tire Storage.
		3.3.138 Open Array (Palletized, Solid-Piled, Bin Box, and Shelf Storage).
		3.3.139 Open Array (Rolled Paper).
		3.3.140 Open Rack.
		3.3.141 Open Sprinkler.
		3.3.142* Open-Top Container.
			A.3.3.142 Open-Top Container.
		3.3.143 Ordinary Hazard (Group 1) (OH1).
		3.3.144 Ordinary Hazard (Group 2) (OH2).
		3.3.145 Ornamental/Decorative Sprinkler.
		3.3.146 Packaging.
		3.3.147 Pallet.
			3.3.147.1* Conventional Pallets.
				A.3.3.147.1 Conventional Pallets.
			3.3.147.2 Plastic Pallet.
			3.3.147.3* Reinforced Plastic Pallet.
				A.3.3.147.3 Reinforced Plastic Pallet.
			3.3.147.4 Slave Pallet.
			3.3.147.5 Wood Pallet.
		3.3.148 Palletized Storage.
		3.3.149 Palletized Tire Storage.
		3.3.150 Paper (General Term).
		3.3.151 Pendent Sprinkler.
		3.3.152* Pile Stability, Stable Piles.
			A.3.3.152 Pile Stability, Stable Piles.
		3.3.153* Pile Stability, Unstable Piles.
			A.3.3.153 Pile Stability, Unstable Piles.
		3.3.154 Pilot Line Detector.
		3.3.155 Pipe Schedule System.
		3.3.156 Plastic Pallet.
		3.3.157 Portable Racks.
		3.3.158* Post-Installed Anchors.
			A.3.3.158 Post-Installed Anchors.
		3.3.159 Preaction Sprinkler System.
		3.3.160 Premixed Antifreeze Solution.
		3.3.161 Pressure Regulating Device.
		3.3.162 Private Fire Hydrant.
		3.3.163* Private Fire Service Main.
			A.3.3.163 Private Fire Service Main.
		3.3.164* Prying Factor.
			A.3.3.164 Prying Factor.
		3.3.165 Public Hydrant.
		3.3.166 Pumper Outlet.
		3.3.167 Pyramid Tire Storage.
		3.3.168 Quick-Response Early Suppression (QRES) Sprinkler.
		3.3.169 Quick-Response Extended Coverage Sprinkler.
		3.3.170 Quick-Response (QR) Sprinkler.
		3.3.171* Rack.
			A.3.3.171 Rack.
		3.3.172 Rack Shelf Area.
		3.3.173 Rated Capacity.
		3.3.174* Raw Water Source.
			A.3.3.174 Raw Water Source.
		3.3.175 Recessed Sprinkler.
		3.3.176 Reinforced Plastic Pallet.
		3.3.177 Residential Sprinkler.
		3.3.178 Residual Hydrant.
		3.3.179 Residual Pressure.
		3.3.180 Riser Nipple.
		3.3.181 Risers.
		3.3.182 Roll Paper Storage.
			3.3.182.1 Banded Roll Paper Storage.
			3.3.182.2 Horizontal Roll Paper Storage.
			3.3.182.3* Roll Paper Storage Height.
				A.3.3.182.3 Roll Paper Storage Height.
			3.3.182.4 Vertical Roll Paper Storage.
			3.3.182.5* Wrapped Roll Paper Storage.
				A.3.3.182.5 Wrapped Roll Paper Storage.
		3.3.183 Roll Paper Storage Height.
		3.3.184 Roof Height.
		3.3.185* Rubber Tire Rack Illustrations.
			A.3.3.185 Rubber Tire Rack Illustrations.
		3.3.186 Rubber Tires.
		3.3.187* Seismic Separation Assembly.
			A.3.3.187 Seismic Separation Assembly.
		3.3.188* Shelf Storage.
			A.3.3.188 Shelf Storage.
		3.3.189 Shop-Welded.
		3.3.190 Sidewall Sprinkler.
		3.3.191* Single-Row Racks.
			A.3.3.191 Single-Row Racks.
		3.3.192 Slatted Shelf Rack.
		3.3.193 Slave Pallet.
		3.3.194 Sloped Ceiling.
		3.3.195* Small Openings.
			A.3.3.195 Small Openings.
		3.3.196 Small Room.
		3.3.197 Smooth Ceiling.
		3.3.198 Solid Shelf Rack.
		3.3.199* Solid Shelving.
			A.3.3.199 Solid Shelving.
		3.3.200 Solid Unit Load of Nonexpanded Plastic (Either Cartoned or Exposed).
		3.3.201 Solid-Piled Storage.
		3.3.202 Special Sprinkler.
		3.3.203 Spray Sprinkler.
		3.3.204 Sprig.
		3.3.205 Sprinkler Definitions.
			3.3.205.1 Automatic Sprinkler.
			3.3.205.2* General Sprinkler Characteristics.
				A.3.3.205.2 General Sprinkler Characteristics.
			3.3.205.3 Installation Orientation.
				3.3.205.3.1 Concealed Sprinkler.
				3.3.205.3.2 Flush Sprinkler.
				3.3.205.3.3 Pendent Sprinkler.
				3.3.205.3.4 Recessed Sprinkler.
				3.3.205.3.5 Sidewall Sprinkler.
				3.3.205.3.6 Upright Sprinkler
			3.3.205.4 Sprinkler Types.
				3.3.205.4.1* Control Mode Density/Area (CMDA) Sprinkler.
					A.3.3.205.4.1 Control Mode Density/Area (CMDA) Sprinkler.
				3.3.205.4.2* Control Mode Specific Application (CMSA) Sprinkler.
					A.3.3.205.4.2 Control Mode Specific Application (CMSA) Sprinkler.
				3.3.205.4.3 Corrosion-Resistant Sprinkler
				3.3.205.4.4* Dry Sprinkler.
					A.3.3.205.4.4 Dry Sprinkler.
				3.3.205.4.5* Early Suppression Fast-Response (ESFR) Sprinkler
					A.3.3.205.4.5 Early Suppression Fast-Response (ESFR) Sprinkler
				3.3.205.4.6 Extended Coverage Sprinkler.
				3.3.205.4.7 Institutional Sprinkler.
				3.3.205.4.8 Intermediate-Level Sprinkler/Rack Storage Sprinkler
				3.3.205.4.9 Nozzle.
				3.3.205.4.10 Old-Style/Conventional Sprinkler
				3.3.205.4.11 Open Sprinkler.
				3.3.205.4.12 Ornamental/Decorative Sprinkler.
				3.3.205.4.13 Pilot Line Detector.
				3.3.205.4.14* Quick-Response Early Suppression (QRES) Sprinkler.
					A.3.3.205.4.14 Quick-Response Early Suppression (QRES) Sprinkle
				3.3.205.4.15 Quick-Response Extended Coverage Sprinkler.
				3.3.205.4.16* Quick-Response (QR) Sprinkler.
					A.3.3.205.4.16 Quick-Response (QR) Sprinkler
				3.3.205.4.17 Residential Sprinkler.
				3.3.205.4.18 Special Sprinkler
				3.3.205.4.19 Spray Sprinkler.
				3.3.205.4.20 Standard Spray Sprinkler.
		3.3.206* Sprinkler System.
			A.3.3.206 Sprinkler System.
			3.3.206.1 Antifreeze Sprinkler System.
			3.3.206.2 Combined Dry Pipe–Reaction Sprinkler System.
			3.3.206.3 Deluge Sprinkler System.
			3.3.206.4 Dry Pipe Sprinkler System.
				3.3.206.4.1 Differential Dry Pipe Valve.
				3.3.206.4.2 Mechanical Dry Pipe Valve.
			3.3.206.5* Gridded Sprinkler System.
				A.3.3.206.5 Gridded Sprinkler System.
			3.3.206.6* Looped Sprinkler System.
				A.3.3.206.6 Looped Sprinkler System.
			3.3.206.7 Multicycle System.
			3.3.206.8 Pipe Schedule System.
			3.3.206.9* Preaction Sprinkler System
				A.3.3.206.9 Preaction Sprinkler System
			3.3.206.10 Wet Pipe Sprinkler System
		3.3.207 Ss
		3.3.208 Standard Array (Rolled Paper)
		3.3.209 Standard Spray Sprinkler
		3.3.210 Static Pressure
		3.3.211 Storage Aids
		3.3.212 Supervision (Marine System)
		3.3.213 Supervisory Device
		3.3.214 Survival Angle
		3.3.215 System Riser
		3.3.216 System Working Pressure
		3.3.217 Sway Brace
		3.3.218 Thermal Barrier
		3.3.219* Tiered Storage (Baled Cotton)
			A.3.3.219 Tiered Storage (Baled Cotton)
		3.3.220 Transverse Flue Space
		3.3.221 Type 1 Stair
		3.3.222 Unit Load
		3.3.223 Unobstructed Construction
		3.3.224 Upright Sprinkler
		3.3.225 Vertical Roll Paper Storage
		3.3.226 Waterflow Alarm Device
CHAPTER 4:  General Requirements
	4.1 Level of Protection.
		4.1.1
		4.1.2 Limited Area Systems.
			4.1.2.1
			4.1.2.2
	4.2* Owner’s Certificate.
		A.4.2
			A.4.2(4)
	4.3* Classification of Hazard.
		A.4.3
		4.3.1 General.
			4.3.1.1
			4.3.1.2
			4.3.1.3
			4.3.1.4* Miscellaneous Storage.
				A.4.3.1.4
				4.3.1.4.1
				4.3.1.4.2
				4.3.1.4.3
			4.3.1.5 Low-Piled Storage
				4.3.1.5.1
				4.3.1.5.2
			4.3.1.6 Miscellaneous Tire Storage
				4.3.1.6.1
				4.3.1.6.2
			4.3.1.7 Protection Criteria for Miscellaneous and Low-Piled Storage
				4.3.1.7.1
					4.3.1.7.1.1
				4.3.1.7.2
			4.3.1.8 In-Rack Sprinklers.
		4.3.2* Light Hazard
			A.4.3.2
		4.3.3* Ordinary Hazard (Group 1).
		4.3.4* Ordinary Hazard (Group 2).
			A.4.3.4
		4.3.5* Extra Hazard (Group 1) (EH1).
			A.4.3.5
		4.3.6* Extra Hazard (Group 2) (EH2).
			A.4.3.6
		4.3.7 High-Piled Storage.
		4.3.8* Special Occupancy Hazards. (Reserved)
			A.4.3.8
		4.3.9
	4.4 Hose Connections.
	4.5 System Protection Area Limitations.
		4.5.1
			A.4.5.1(3)
		4.5.2
			4.5.2.1
			4.5.2.2
			4.5.2.3
		4.5.3
		4.5.4
			4.5.4.1
		4.5.5
		4.5.6* Detached Buildings.
			A.4.5.6
			4.5.6.1
			4.5.6.2
	4.6 Water Supply Information.
		4.6.1 Water Supply Capacity Information.
			4.6.1.1*
				A.4.6.1.1
		4.6.2 Water Supply Treatment Information.
	4.7* Additives.
		A.4.7
	4.8 Air, Nitrogen, or Other Approved Gas.
	4.9* Support of Nonsprinkler System Components.
		A.4.9
	4.10 Noncombustible Materials and Limited-Combustible Materials.
		4.10.1* Noncombustible Material.
			A.4.10.1
			4.10.1.1
				A.4.10.1.1(1)
			4.10.1.2
		4.10.2* Limited-Combustible Material.
			A.4.10.2
			4.10.2.1
			4.10.2.2
			4.10.2.3
			4.10.2.4
CHAPTER 5:  Water Supplies
	5.1 General.
		5.1.1 Number of Supplies.
		5.1.2 Capacity.
		5.1.3* Size of Fire Mains.
			A.5.1.3
			5.1.3.1
			5.1.3.2
			5.1.3.3
		5.1.4 Underground Supply Pipe.
		5.1.5* Water Supply Treatment.
			A.5.1.5
			5.1.5.1
			5.1.5.2
			5.1.5.3
		5.1.6 Arrangement.
			5.1.6.1 Connection Between Underground and Aboveground Piping.
				5.1.6.1.1
				5.1.6.1.2
			5.1.6.2*
				A.5.1.6.2
		5.1.7* Meters.
			A.5.1.7
		5.1.8* Connection from Waterworks System.
			A.5.1.8
			5.1.8.1
			5.1.8.2
	5.2 Types.
		5.2.1*
			A.5.2.1
				A.5.2.1(7)
		5.2.2* Connections to Waterworks Systems.
			A.5.2.2
			5.2.2.1
			5.2.2.2*
				A.5.2.2.2
		5.2.3* Pumps.
			A.5.2.3
		5.2.4 Pressure Tanks.
			5.2.4.1 Acceptability.
				5.2.4.1.1
				5.2.4.1.2
				5.2.4.1.3
				5.2.4.1.4
			5.2.4.2 Capacity.
				5.2.4.2.1
				5.2.4.2.2
			5.2.4.3* Water Level and Air Pressure.
				A.5.2.4.3
				5.2.4.3.1
				5.2.4.3.2
		5.2.5 Gravity Tanks.
		5.2.6 Penstocks, Flumes, Rivers, or Lakes.
CHAPTER 6:  Installation of Underground Piping
	6.1* Piping.
		A.6.1
		6.1.1*
			A.6.1.1
			6.1.1.1 Listing.
			6.1.1.2
				6.1.1.2.1
				6.1.1.2.2
			6.1.1.3
				6.1.1.3.1
			6.1.1.4
				6.1.1.4.1
				6.1.1.4.2
		6.1.2*
			A.6.1.2
		6.1.3*
			A.6.1.3
		6.1.4*
			A.6.1.4
	6.2 Fittings.
		6.2.1
			6.2.1.1
			6.2.1.2
				6.2.1.2.1
				6.2.1.2.2
		6.2.2
		6.2.3
			6.2.3.1
	6.3 Connection of Pipe, Fittings, and Appurtenances
		6.3.1*
			A.6.3.1
		6.3.2
		6.3.3 Listed Connections.
			6.3.3.1
		6.3.4 Threaded Pipe and Fittings.
		6.3.5 Grooved Connections.
			6.3.5.1
			6.3.5.2
			6.3.5.3*
				A.6.3.5.3
		6.3.6 Copper Tube.
	6.4 Protection of Private Fire Service Mains.
		6.4.1 Protection from Corrosion.
			6.4.1.1 Coatings.
			6.4.1.2
			6.4.1.3*
				A.6.4.1.3
		6.4.2* Protection of Piping.
			A.6.4.2
			6.4.2.1 Protection from Freezing.
				6.4.2.1.1*
					A.6.4.2.1.1
				6.4.2.1.2
				6.4.2.1.3
				6.4.2.1.4
				6.4.2.1.5
				6.4.2.1.6
				6.4.2.1.7
					6.4.2.1.7.1
			6.4.2.2 Protection from Mechanical Damage.
				6.4.2.2.1
				6.4.2.2.2
					6.4.2.2.2.1
				6.4.2.2.3
					6.4.2.2.3.1
				6.4.2.2.4
					6.4.2.2.4.1
				6.4.2.2.5
				6.4.2.2.6
		6.4.3 Private Fire Service Mains Under Buildings.
			6.4.3.1*
				A.6.4.3.1
				6.4.3.1.1*
					A.6.4.3.1.1
				6.4.3.1.2*
					A.6.4.3.1.2
					6.4.3.1.2.1
			6.4.3.2*
				A.6.4.3.2
				6.4.3.2.1
					6.4.3.2.1.1*
						A.6.4.3.2.1.1
					6.4.3.2.1.2
					6.4.3.2.1.3
					6.4.3.2.1.4*
						A.6.4.3.2.1.4
					6.4.3.2.1.5
				6.4.3.2.2
					6.4.3.2.2.1
					6.4.3.2.2.2
				6.4.3.2.3*
					A.6.4.3.2.3
				6.4.3.2.4
					6.4.3.2.4.1
	6.5 Grounding and Bonding.
		6.5.1*
			A.6.5.1
			6.5.1.1*
				A.6.5.1.1
	6.6* Restraint.
		A.6.6
		6.6.1* Thrust Blocks.
			A.6.6.1
			6.6.1.1
			6.6.1.2
			6.6.1.3
			6.6.1.4
		6.6.2* Restrained Joint Systems.
			A.6.6.2
			6.6.2.1 Sizing Clamps, Rods, Bolts, and Washers.
				6.6.2.1.1 Clamps.
					6.6.2.1.1.1
					6.6.2.1.1.2
				6.6.2.1.2 Rods.
					6.6.2.1.2.1
					6.6.2.1.2.2
					6.6.2.1.2.3
					6.6.2.1.2.4
					6.6.2.1.2.5
					6.6.2.1.2.6
					6.6.2.1.2.7
				6.6.2.1.3 Clamp Bolts.
				6.6.2.1.4 Washers.
					6.6.2.1.4.1
					6.6.2.1.4.2
					6.6.2.1.4.3
					6.6.2.1.4.4
			6.6.2.2 Sizes of Restraint Straps for Tees.
				6.6.2.2.1
				6.6.2.2.2
				6.6.2.2.3
			6.6.2.3 Sizes of Plug Strap for Bell End of Pipe
				6.6.2.3.1
				6.6.2.3.2
				6.6.2.3.3
			6.6.2.4 Material.
			6.6.2.5* Corrosion Resistance.
				A.6.6.2.5
				6.6.2.5.1
		6.6.3*
			A.6.6.3
	6.7 Steep Grades.
		6.7.1
			6.7.1.1
				6.7.1.1.1
			6.7.1.2
			6.7.1.3
	6.8 Installation Requirements.
		6.8.1
		6.8.2
		6.8.3
		6.8.4
		6.8.5
		6.8.6
		6.8.7
		6.8.8
		6.8.9
		6.8.10
	6.9 Backfilling.
		6.9.1
		6.9.2
		6.9.3*
			A.6.9.3
			6.9.3.1
			6.9.3.2
		6.9.4
		6.9.5
		6.9.6
	6.10 Testing and Acceptance.
		6.10.1 Approval of Underground Piping.
		6.10.2 Acceptance Requirements.
			6.10.2.1*
				A.6.10.2.1
				6.10.2.1.1
				6.10.2.1.2
				6.10.2.1.3*
					A.6.10.2.1.3
					6.10.2.1.3.1
				6.10.2.1.4
			6.10.2.2 Hydrostatic Test.
				6.10.2.2.1*
					A.6.10.2.2.1
				6.10.2.2.2
				6.10.2.2.3
				6.10.2.2.4*
					A.6.10.2.2.4
				6.10.2.2.5
				6.10.2.2.6* Hydrostatic Testing Allowance.
					A.6.10.2.2.6
			6.10.2.3*
				A.6.10.2.3
			6.10.2.4
				6.10.2.4.1
				6.10.2.4.2
				6.10.2.4.3
				6.10.2.4.4
			6.10.2.5 Backflow Prevention Assemblies.
				6.10.2.5.1
				6.10.2.5.2
CHAPTER 7:  Requirements for System Components and Hardware
	7.1 General.
		7.1.1* Listing.
			A.7.1.1
			7.1.1.1
				7.1.1.1.1
			7.1.1.2
				7.1.1.2.1
			7.1.1.3
				7.1.1.3.1
			7.1.1.4
			7.1.1.5*
				A.7.1.1.5
		7.1.2 Rated Pressure.
	7.2 Sprinklers.
		7.2.1* Sprinkler Identification.
			A.7.2.1
		7.2.2 Sprinkler Discharge Characteristics.
			7.2.2.1* General.
			7.2.2.2 Pipe Threads.
			7.2.2.3 K-Factors Greater than K-28 (400).
			7.2.2.4 Residential Sprinklers.
			7.2.2.5 CMSA and ESFR K-Factors.
			7.2.2.6 ESFR K-Factor.
		7.2.3 Occupancy Limitations.
			7.2.3.1 Residential Sprinklers.
			7.2.3.2 Special Sprinklers.
		7.2.4* Temperature Characteristics.
			A.7.2.4
			7.2.4.1
			7.2.4.2
			7.2.4.3
			7.2.4.4
			7.2.4.5
		7.2.5 Special Coatings.
			7.2.5.1* Corrosion Resistant.
				A.7.2.5.1
			7.2.5.2* Painting.
				A.7.2.5.2
			7.2.5.3 Ornamental Finishes.
				7.2.5.3.1
				7.2.5.3.2
		7.2.6 Escutcheons and Cover Plates.
			7.2.6.1
			7.2.6.2*
				A.7.2.6.2
			7.2.6.3
	7.3 Aboveground Pipe and Tube.
		7.3.1 General.
			7.3.1.1
		7.3.2* Nonmetallic Pipe and Tubing.
			A.7.3.2
			7.3.2.1
				7.3.2.1.1
				7.3.2.1.2
			7.3.2.2
		7.3.3* Listed Metallic Pipe and Tubing.
			A.7.3.3
			7.3.3.1
			7.3.3.2
		7.3.4 Pipe and Tube Identification.
			7.3.4.1*
				A.7.3.4.1
			7.3.4.2
			7.3.4.3
	7.4 Fittings.
		7.4.1
		7.4.2
		7.4.3 Nonmetallic Fittings.
		7.4.4*
			A.7.4.4
	7.5 Joining of Pipe and Fittings.
		7.5.1 Threaded Pipe and Fittings.
			7.5.1.1
			7.5.1.2*
				A.7.5.1.2
		7.5.2 Welded Pipe and Fittings.
			7.5.2.1 General.
				7.5.2.1.1
			7.5.2.2* Fabrication.
				A.7.5.2.2
				7.5.2.2.1
				7.5.2.2.2
				7.5.2.2.3
				7.5.2.2.4
				7.5.2.2.5
			7.5.2.3 Fittings.
				7.5.2.3.1*
					A.7.5.2.3.1
				7.5.2.3.2
				7.5.2.3.3
				7.5.2.3.4
			7.5.2.4 Welding Requirements.
				7.5.2.4.1
					A.7.5.2.4.1
				7.5.2.4.2*
					A.7.5.2.4.2
				7.5.2.4.3*
					A.7.5.2.4.3
				7.5.2.4.4
				7.5.2.4.5
				7.5.2.4.6
				7.5.2.4.7
				7.5.2.4.8
			7.5.2.5 Qualifications.
				7.5.2.5.1
				7.5.2.5.2
				7.5.2.5.3
				7.5.2.5.4
				7.5.2.5.5
				7.5.2.5.6
			7.5.2.6 Records.
				7.5.2.6.1
				7.5.2.6.2
				7.5.2.6.3
		7.5.3 Groove Joining Methods.
			7.5.3.1*
				A.7.5.3.1
				7.5.3.1.1*
					A.7.5.3.1.1
				7.5.3.1.2
			7.5.3.2
		7.5.4* Brazed and Soldered Joints.
			A.7.5.4
			7.5.4.1
			7.5.4.2
			7.5.4.3
			7.5.4.4
			7.5.4.5*
				A.7.5.4.5
			7.5.4.6
		7.5.5 Other Joining Methods.
			7.5.5.1
			7.5.5.2 Outlet Fittings.
		7.5.6 End Treatment.
			7.5.6.1
			7.5.6.2
	7.6 Valves.
		7.6.1 Valve Closure Time.
	7.7 Waterflow Alarm Devices.
	7.8 Additives and Coatings.
		7.8.1
		7.8.2
CHAPTER 8:  System Types and Requirements
	8.1 Wet Pipe Systems
		8.1.1 Pressure Gauges.
			8.1.1.1
			8.1.1.2*
				A.8.1.1.2
				8.1.1.2.1
				8.1.1.2.2
		8.1.2 Relief Valves.
			8.1.2.1
			8.1.2.2
			8.1.2.3
		8.1.3 Auxiliary Systems.
		8.1.4
		8.1.5 Air Venting.
			8.1.5.1
	8.2* Dry Pipe Systems
		A.8.2
		8.2.1 Pressure Gauges.
		8.2.2 Sprinklers.
			A.8.2.2(2)
		8.2.3* Size of Systems.
			A.8.2.3
			8.2.3.1*
				A.8.2.3.1
				8.2.3.1.1
					8.2.3.1.1.1
			8.2.3.2
			8.2.3.3
			8.2.3.4
			8.2.3.5
			8.2.3.6 Dry Pipe System Water Delivery.
				8.2.3.6.1
				8.2.3.6.2
				8.2.3.6.3
				8.2.3.6.4
			8.2.3.7*
				A.8.2.3.7
				8.2.3.7.1
				8.2.3.7.2
				8.2.3.7.3
				8.2.3.7.4
				8.2.3.7.5
			8.2.3.8
			8.2.3.9
				8.2.3.9.1
				8.2.3.9.2
			8.2.3.10
		8.2.4 Quick-Opening Devices.
			8.2.4.1
			8.2.4.2
			8.2.4.3
			8.2.4.4
			8.2.4.5
			8.2.4.6
			8.2.4.7
			8.2.4.8 Antiflooding Device.
				8.2.4.8.1
				8.2.4.8.2
		8.2.5* Location and Protection of Dry Pipe Valve.
			A.8.2.5
			8.2.5.1* General.
				A.8.2.5.1
			8.2.5.2 Valve Rooms.
				8.2.5.2.1
				8.2.5.2.2
				8.2.5.2.3
			8.2.5.3 Supply.
			8.2.5.4 High Water Level Protection.
				8.2.5.4.1
				8.2.5.4.2 Differential Dry Pipe Valve.
				8.2.5.4.3 High Water Level Device.
		8.2.6 Air Pressure and Supply.
			8.2.6.1
			8.2.6.2 Maintenance of Air Pressure.
			8.2.6.3* Air Supply.
				A.8.2.6.3
				8.2.6.3.1
				8.2.6.3.2*
					A.8.2.6.3.2
				8.2.6.3.3
			8.2.6.4 Air Supply Connections.
				8.2.6.4.1*
					A.8.2.6.4.1
				8.2.6.4.2
					8.2.6.4.2.1
			8.2.6.5 Relief Valve.
			8.2.6.6 Automatic Air Maintenance.
				8.2.6.6.1*
					A.8.2.6.6.1
				8.2.6.6.2
				8.2.6.6.3
					8.2.6.6.3.1
				8.2.6.6.4
				8.2.6.6.5
					8.2.6.6.5.1
			8.2.6.7 System Air Pressure.
				8.2.6.7.1
				8.2.6.7.2
			8.2.6.8 Nitrogen or Other Approved Gas.
				8.2.6.8.1*
					A.8.2.6.8.1
				8.2.6.8.2
				8.2.6.8.3
				8.2.6.8.4*
					A.8.2.6.8.4
				8.2.6.8.5
	8.3 Preaction Systems and Deluge Systems
		8.3.1* General.
			A.8.3.1
			8.3.1.1*
				A.8.3.1.1
			8.3.1.2
				8.3.1.2.1 Actuator Supervision.
			8.3.1.3 Pressure Gauges.
			8.3.1.4
			8.3.1.5
			8.3.1.6 Location and Spacing of Releasing Devices.
				8.3.1.6.1
				8.3.1.6.2
				8.3.1.6.3
			8.3.1.7 Devices for Test Purposes and Testing Apparatus.
				8.3.1.7.1
				8.3.1.7.2
				8.3.1.7.3
				8.3.1.7.4*
					A.8.3.1.7.4
			8.3.1.8 Location and Protection of System Water Control Valves.
				8.3.1.8.1
				8.3.1.8.2 Valve Rooms.
					8.3.1.8.2.1
					8.3.1.8.2.2
					8.3.1.8.2.3
		8.3.2 Preaction Systems.
			8.3.2.1
			8.3.2.2 Size of Systems — Single and Non-Interlock Preaction Systems.
			8.3.2.3 Size of Systems — Double Interlock Preaction Systems.
				8.3.2.3.1
					8.3.2.3.1.1
					8.3.2.3.1.2
					8.3.2.3.1.3
					8.3.2.3.1.4*
						A.8.3.2.3.1.4
				8.3.2.3.2
			8.3.2.4* Supervision.
				A.8.3.2.4
				8.3.2.4.1
				8.3.2.4.2
				8.3.2.4.3
				8.3.2.4.4
			8.3.2.5 Sprinklers.
				A.8.3.2.5(2)
			8.3.2.6 System Configuration.
		8.3.3* Deluge Systems.
			A.8.3.3
			8.3.3.1
			8.3.3.2
	8.4 Combined Dry Pipe and Preaction Systems for Piers, Terminals, and Wharves
		8.4.1
		8.4.2* General.
			A.8.4.2
			8.4.2.1*
				A.8.4.2.1
			8.4.2.2
			8.4.2.3
			8.4.2.4 Sprinklers.
				A.8.4.2.4(2)
		8.4.3 Dry Pipe Valves in Combined Systems.
			8.4.3.1
			8.4.3.2*
				A.8.4.3.2
			8.4.3.3
			8.4.3.4
			8.4.3.5
			8.4.3.6
			8.4.3.7
			8.4.3.8
		8.4.4 Subdivision of System Using Check Valves.
			8.4.4.1
			8.4.4.2
			8.4.4.3
			8.4.4.4
		8.4.5 Time Limitation.
			8.4.5.1
			8.4.5.2
		8.4.6 System Test Connection.
	8.5 Multi-Cycle Systems
		8.5.1
		8.5.2
	8.6* Antifreeze Systems
		A.8.6
		8.6.1* General.
			A.8.6.1
			8.6.1.1
			8.6.1.2
			8.6.1.3
				8.6.1.3.1
			8.6.1.4
			8.6.1.5
		8.6.2* Antifreeze Solutions.
			A.8.6.2
			8.6.2.1*
				A.8.6.2.1
			8.6.2.2
		8.6.3 Arrangement of Supply Piping and Valves.
			8.6.3.1
			8.6.3.2*
				A.8.6.3.2
				8.6.3.2.1
			8.6.3.3*
				A.8.6.3.3
				8.6.3.3.1
				8.6.3.3.2
			8.6.3.4
			8.6.3.5
			8.6.3.6*
				A.8.6.3.6
			8.6.3.7
	8.7 Outside Sprinklers for Protection Against Exposure Fires(Exposure Protection Sprinkler Systems
		8.7.1 Applications.
			8.7.1.1
			8.7.1.2
		8.7.2 Water Supply and Control.
			8.7.2.1
			8.7.2.2
			8.7.2.3
		8.7.3 Control.
			8.7.3.1
			8.7.3.2
			8.7.3.3
			8.7.3.4
			8.7.3.5
		8.7.4 System Components.
			8.7.4.1 Drain Valves.
			8.7.4.2 Check Valves.
				8.7.4.2.1*
					A.8.7.4.2.1
				8.7.4.2.2
				8.7.4.2.3*
					A.8.7.4.2.3
			8.7.4.3 System Arrangement.
		8.7.5 Pipe and Fittings.
		8.7.6 Strainers.
		8.7.7 Gauge Connections.
		8.7.8 Sprinklers.
			8.7.8.1
			8.7.8.2
			8.7.8.3
			8.7.8.4
			8.7.8.5
				8.7.8.5.1
			8.7.8.6
				8.7.8.6.1
		8.7.9* Exposure Protection Sprinkler Systems.
			A.8.7.9
			8.7.9.1
			8.7.9.2
			8.7.9.3
			8.7.9.4
			8.7.9.5
			8.7.9.6
			8.7.9.7
				8.7.9.7.1
				8.7.9.7.2
	8.8* Refrigerated Spaces
		A.8.8
		8.8.1 Spaces Maintained at Temperatures Above 32°F (0°C).
		8.8.2* Spaces Maintained at Temperatures Below 32°F (0°C).
			A.8.8.2
			8.8.2.1 General.
				8.8.2.1.1*
					A.8.8.2.1.1
				8.8.2.1.2
			8.8.2.2 Low Air Pressure Alarm.
				8.8.2.2.1
				8.8.2.2.2
			8.8.2.3 Piping Pitch.
			8.8.2.4* Air or Nitrogen Supply.
				A.8.8.2.4
			8.8.2.5* Control Valve.
				A.8.8.2.5
			8.8.2.6* Check Valve.
				A.8.8.2.6
				8.8.2.6.1
				8.8.2.6.2
			8.8.2.7 Air or Nitrogen Supply Piping.
				8.8.2.7.1
					A.8.8.2.7.1
					8.8.2.7.1.1 Air Supply.
					8.8.2.7.1.2 Nitrogen Supply.
				8.8.2.7.2
				8.8.2.7.3
			8.8.2.8 Fire Detection for Preaction Release.
				8.8.2.8.1 Detectors for Preaction Systems.
					8.8.2.8.1.1*
						A.8.8.2.8.1.1
					8.8.2.8.1.2
				8.8.2.8.2 Detector Location at Ceiling.
					8.8.2.8.2.1
					8.8.2.8.2.2
				8.8.2.8.3 Detector Location in Racks.
					8.8.2.8.3.1
					8.8.2.8.3.2
				8.8.2.8.4 Single Detection System for Ceiling and In-Rack Sprinklers.
	8.9 Commercial-Type Cooking Equipment and Ventilation
		8.9.1 General.
		8.9.2* Sprinklers and Automatic Spray Nozzles.
			A.8.9.2
			8.9.2.1
			8.9.2.2
			8.9.2.3
			8.9.2.4
		8.9.3 Sprinkler and Automatic Spray Nozzle Location — Ducts.
			8.9.3.1
			8.9.3.2
			8.9.3.3
			8.9.3.4
				8.9.3.4.1
			8.9.3.5
		8.9.4 Sprinkler and Automatic Spray Nozzle Location — Duct Collar.
			8.9.4.1
			8.9.4.2
		8.9.5 Sprinkler and Automatic Spray Nozzle Location — Exhaust Plenum Chambers.
			8.9.5.1
			8.9.5.2
		8.9.6 Sprinkler and Automatic Spray Nozzle Temperature Ratings and K-Factors.
			8.9.6.1
			8.9.6.2
			8.9.6.3
		8.9.7 Sprinkler and Automatic Spray Nozzle.
		8.9.8 Cooking Equipment.
			8.9.8.1 General.
			8.9.8.2 Deep Fat Fryers.
				8.9.8.2.1
				8.9.8.2.2
			8.9.8.3 Fuel and Heat Shutoff.
				8.9.8.3.1
				8.9.8.3.2
				8.9.8.3.3
		8.9.9 Indicating Valves.
		8.9.10 Strainers.
		8.9.11 Test Connection.
	8.10 Pilot Line Detectors
		8.10.1
		8.10.2
		8.10.3
			8.10.3.1
		8.10.4
		8.10.5
		8.10.6
			8.10.6.1
		8.10.7
		8.10.8
			8.10.8.1
			8.10.8.2
		8.10.9
			8.10.9.1
			8.10.9.2
			8.10.9.3
			8.10.9.4
		8.10.10
			8.10.10.1
CHAPTER 9:  Sprinkler Location Requirements
	9.1* Basic Requirements
		A.9.1
		9.1.1*
			A.9.1.1
				A.9.1.1(3)
	9.2 Allowable Sprinkler Omission Locations
		9.2.1* Concealed Spaces Not Requiring Sprinkler Protection.
			A.9.2.1
			9.2.1.1*
				A.9.2.1.1
				9.2.1.1.1
				9.2.1.1.2
			9.2.1.2
				9.2.1.2.1
			9.2.1.3
			9.2.1.4
			9.2.1.5*
				A.9.2.1.5
			9.2.1.6*
				A.9.2.1.6
			9.2.1.7
				9.2.1.7.1
			9.2.1.8
			9.2.1.9
			9.2.1.10
			9.2.1.11
			9.2.1.12*
				A.9.2.1.12
			9.2.1.13
			9.2.1.14
			9.2.1.15
				9.2.1.15.1
				9.2.1.15.2
			9.2.1.16
			9.2.1.17*
				A.9.2.1.17
				9.2.1.17.1
			9.2.1.18*
				A.9.2.1.18
				9.2.1.18.1
			9.2.1.19
				9.2.1.19.1
				9.2.1.19.2
				9.2.1.19.3
				9.2.1.19.4
				9.2.1.19.5
		9.2.2 Spaces Under Ground Floors, Exterior Docks, and Platforms
		9.2.3* Exterior Projections.
			A.9.2.3
			9.2.3.1
			9.2.3.2*
				A.9.2.3.2
			9.2.3.3
			9.2.3.4
			9.2.3.5
		9.2.4 Dwelling Units.
			9.2.4.1 Bathrooms.
				9.2.4.1.1*
					A.9.2.4.1.1
				9.2.4.1.2
				9.2.4.1.3
			9.2.4.2* Closets and Pantries
				A.9.2.4.2
		9.2.5* Hospital Clothes Closets.
			A.9.2.5
		9.2.6*
			A.9.2.6
		9.2.7 Cloud Ceilings.
			9.2.7.1*
				A.9.2.7.1
					A.9.2.7.1(1)
			9.2.7.2
				9.2.7.2.1
				9.2.7.2.2
				9.2.7.2.3
					9.2.7.2.3.1
				9.2.7.2.4
				9.2.7.2.5*
					A.9.2.7.2.5
		9.2.8 Revolving Doors Enclosures.
		9.2.9
		9.2.10* Equipment Enclosures.
			A.9.2.10
		9.2.11 Noncombustible Vertical Shafts.
		9.2.12 Noncombustible Stairways.
			9.2.12.1
			9.2.12.2
			9.2.13 Elevator Hoistways and Machine Rooms.
			9.2.14 Duct Protection.
			9.2.15 Open-Grid Ceilings.
			9.2.16 Drop-Out Ceilings.
			9.2.17 Skylights.
				9.2.17.1
	9.3 Special Situations
		9.3.1 Heat-Producing Devices with Composite Wood Joist Construction.
		9.3.2
			9.3.2.1
			9.3.2.2
			9.3.2.3
		9.3.3 Vertical Shafts
			9.3.3.1 General.
				9.3.3.1.1
				9.3.3.1.2
			9.3.3.2* Shafts with Combustible Surfaces.
				A.9.3.3.2
				9.3.3.2.1
				9.3.3.2.2
			9.3.3.3 Accessible Shafts with Noncombustible Surfaces.
		9.3.4 Stairways.
			9.3.4.1 Combustible Construction.
				9.3.4.1.1
				9.3.4.1.2*
					A.9.3.4.1.2
				9.3.4.1.3
			9.3.4.2 Noncombustible Construction.
				9.3.4.2.1
				9.3.4.2.2
				9.3.4.2.3
					9.3.4.2.3.1
				9.3.4.2.4
			9.3.4.3* Stairs Serving Two or More Areas.
				A.9.3.4.3
		9.3.5* Vertical Openings.
			A.9.3.5
				9.3.5.1* General.
					A.9.3.5.1
				9.3.5.2 Draft Stops.
				9.3.5.3 Sprinklers.
					9.3.5.3.1
					9.3.5.3.2
				9.3.5.4 Large Openings.
		9.3.6 Elevator Hoistways and Machine Rooms.
			9.3.6.1*
				A.9.3.6.1
			9.3.6.2
			9.3.6.3
			9.3.6.4*
				A.9.3.6.4
			9.3.6.5*
				A.9.3.6.5
			9.3.6.6
			9.3.6.7 Combustible Suspension in Elevators.
				9.3.6.7.1
				9.3.6.7.2
		9.3.7* Library Stack Areas and Record Storage.
			A.9.3.7
		9.3.8* Industrial Ovens and Furnaces.
			A.9.3.8
		9.3.9 Duct Protection.
			9.3.9.1 Sprinkler Location.
				9.3.9.1.1
				9.3.9.1.2
				9.3.9.1.3
			9.3.9.2 Protection Against Freezing.
			9.3.9.3 Sprinkler Access.
			9.3.9.4 Strainers.
		9.3.10* Open-Grid Ceilings.
			A.9.3.10
		9.3.11 Drop-Out Ceilings and Ceiling Materials.
			9.3.11.1*
				A.9.3.11.1
			9.3.11.2
			9.3.11.3
			9.3.11.4*
				A.9.3.11.4
			9.3.11.5*
				A.9.3.11.5
		9.3.12*
			A.9.3.12
		9.3.13 Stages.
			9.3.13.1
			9.3.13.2
		9.3.14 Spaces Above Ceilings.
			9.3.14.1
			9.3.14.2
			9.3.14.3*
				A.9.3.14.3
				9.3.14.3.1
		9.3.15* Sprinkler-Protected Glazing.
			A.9.3.15
		9.3.16 Skylights.
			9.3.16.1
				9.3.16.1.1
			9.3.16.2
		9.3.17 Concealed Spaces.
			9.3.17.1 Concealed Spaces Requiring Sprinkler Protection.
				9.3.17.1.1* Concealed Space Design Requirements.
					A.9.3.17.1.1
				9.3.17.1.2 Localized Protection of Exposed Combustible Construction or Exposed Combustibles.
		9.3.18 Spaces Under Ground Floors, Exterior Docks, and Platforms.
			9.3.18.1
		9.3.19 Exterior Projections.
			9.3.19.1
				A.9.3.19.1
			9.3.19.2*
				A.9.3.19.2
		9.3.20 Electrical Equipment.
			9.3.20.1*
				A.9.3.20.1
	9.4 Use of Sprinklers
		9.4.1 General.
			9.4.1.1*
				A.9.4.1.1
			9.4.1.2
			9.4.1.3*
				A.9.4.1.3
			9.4.1.4
			9.4.1.5 Protective Caps and Straps.
				9.4.1.5.1*
					A.9.4.1.5.1
				9.4.1.5.2*
					A.9.4.1.5.2
				9.4.1.5.3
		9.4.2 Temperature Ratings.
			9.4.2.1*
				A.9.4.2.1
			9.4.2.2
			9.4.2.3
			9.4.2.4
			9.4.2.5*
				A.9.4.2.5
					A.9.4.2.5(1)
			9.4.2.6
			9.4.2.7*
				A.9.4.2.7
		9.4.3 Thermal Sensitivity.
			9.4.3.1
				A.9.4.3.1
			9.4.3.2
			9.4.3.3
			9.4.3.4
			9.4.3.5
			9.4.3.6
		9.4.4 Sprinklers with K-Factors Less than K-5.6 (80).
			9.4.4.1
			9.4.4.2
			9.4.4.3
			9.4.4.4
		9.4.5 Thread Size Limitations.
	9.5 Position, Location, Spacing, and Use of Sprinklers
		9.5.1 General.
			9.5.1.1
			9.5.1.2
			9.5.1.3
		9.5.2 Protection Areas per Sprinkler.
			9.5.2.1 Determination of Protection Area of Coverage.
				9.5.2.1.1
				9.5.2.1.2
			9.5.2.2 Maximum Protection Area of Coverage.
				9.5.2.2.1
				9.5.2.2.2
		9.5.3 Sprinkler Spacing.
			9.5.3.1 Maximum Distance Between Sprinklers.
				9.5.3.1.1
				9.5.3.1.2
				9.5.3.1.3
			9.5.3.2 Maximum Distance from Walls.
				9.5.3.2.1
				9.5.3.2.2
				9.5.3.2.3
			9.5.3.3 Minimum Distance from Walls.
				9.5.3.3.1
				9.5.3.3.2
			9.5.3.4 Minimum Distance Between Sprinklers.
				9.5.3.4.1
				9.5.3.4.2
		9.5.4 Deflector Position.
			9.5.4.1* Distance Below Ceilings.
				A.9.5.4.1
				9.5.4.1.1
				9.5.4.1.2 Corrugated Metal Deck Roofs.
					9.5.4.1.2.1
					9.5.4.1.2.2
				9.5.4.1.3
					9.5.4.1.3.1
					9.5.4.1.3.2
					9.5.4.1.3.3
				9.5.4.1.4*
					A.9.5.4.1.4
			9.5.4.2 Deflector Orientation.
		9.5.5 Obstructions to Sprinkler Discharge.
			9.5.5.1* Performance Objective.
				A.9.5.5.1
			9.5.5.2* Obstructions to Sprinkler Discharge Pattern Development.
				A.9.5.5.2
				9.5.5.2.1
				9.5.5.2.2
			9.5.5.3* Obstructions that Prevent Sprinkler Discharge from Reaching Hazard.
				A.9.5.5.3
				9.5.5.3.1*
					A.9.5.5.3.1
					9.5.5.3.1.1*
						A.9.5.5.3.1.1
					9.5.5.3.1.2*
						A.9.5.5.3.1.2
					9.5.5.3.1.3
					9.5.5.3.1.4
					9.5.5.3.1.5
				9.5.5.3.2*
					A.9.5.5.3.2
				9.5.5.3.3
					9.5.5.3.3.1
				9.5.5.3.4*
					A.9.5.5.3.4
			9.5.5.4 Closets.
		9.5.6 Clearance from Deflector to Storage.
			9.5.6.1*
				A.9.5.6.1
			9.5.6.2
			9.5.6.3
			9.5.6.4
			9.5.6.5
			9.5.6.6
				9.5.6.6.1
				9.5.6.6.2
CHAPTER 10: Installation Requirements for Standard Pendent, Upright, and Sidewall Spray Sprinklers
	10.1 General.
	10.2 Standard Pendent and Upright Spray Sprinklers.
		10.2.1 General.
		10.2.2
		10.2.3
		10.2.4 Protection Areas per Sprinkler (Standard Pendent and Upright Spray Sprinklers).
			10.2.4.1 Determination of Protection Area of Coverage.
				10.2.4.1.1
				10.2.4.1.2
					10.2.4.1.2.1
			10.2.4.2 Maximum Protection Area of Coverage.
				10.2.4.2.1*
					A.10.2.4.2.1
				10.2.4.2.2
		10.2.5 Sprinkler Spacing (Standard Pendent and Upright Spray Sprinklers).
			10.2.5.1 Maximum Distance Between Sprinklers.
			10.2.5.2 Maximum Distance from Walls.
				10.2.5.2.1
				10.2.5.2.2*
					A.10.2.5.2.2
				10.2.5.2.3*
					A.10.2.5.2.3
					10.2.5.2.3.1
					10.2.5.2.3.2
				10.2.5.2.4
			10.2.5.3 Minimum Distances from Walls.
			10.2.5.4 Minimum Distances Between Sprinklers.
				10.2.5.4.1
				10.2.5.4.2
				10.2.5.4.3
		10.2.6 Deflector Position (Standard Pendent and Upright Spray Sprinklers).
			10.2.6.1 Distance Below Ceilings.
				10.2.6.1.1 Unobstructed Construction.
					10.2.6.1.1.1
					10.2.6.1.1.2
					10.2.6.1.1.3
				10.2.6.1.2 Obstructed Construction.
					A.10.2.6.1.2(5)
				10.2.6.1.3 Peaked Roofs and Ceilings.
					10.2.6.1.3.1
					10.2.6.1.3.2*
						A.10.2.6.1.3.2
					10.2.6.1.3.3*
						A.10.2.6.1.3.3
				10.2.6.1.4
					10.2.6.1.4.1
					10.2.6.1.4.2
					10.2.6.1.4.3*
						A.10.2.6.1.4.3
					10.2.6.1.4.4*
						A.10.2.6.1.4.4
					10.2.6.1.4.5*
						A.10.2.6.1.4.5
					10.2.6.1.4.6
				10.2.6.1.5 Double Joist Obstructions.
					10.2.6.1.5.1
					10.2.6.1.5.2
			10.2.6.2 Deflector Orientation.
				10.2.6.2.1
				10.2.6.2.2
				10.2.6.2.3
		10.2.7 Obstructions to Sprinkler Discharge (Standard Pendent and Upright Spray Sprinklers).
			10.2.7.1 Performance Objective.
				10.2.7.1.1
				10.2.7.1.2*
					A.10.2.7.1.2
			10.2.7.2 Obstructions to Sprinkler Discharge Pattern Development.
				10.2.7.2.1 General.
					10.2.7.2.1.1
					10.2.7.2.1.2
					10.2.7.2.1.3* Minimum Distance from Obstructions.
						A.10.2.7.2.1.3
					10.2.7.2.1.4*
						A.10.2.7.2.1.4
					10.2.7.2.1.5
					10.2.7.2.1.6
					10.2.7.2.1.7
					10.2.7.2.1.8
					10.2.7.2.1.9
					10.2.7.2.1.10*
						A.10.2.7.2.1.10
				10.2.7.2.2 Suspended or Floor-Mounted Vertical Obstructions.
					10.2.7.2.2.1*
						A.10.2.7.2.2.1
			10.2.7.3* Obstructions that Prevent Sprinkler Discharge from Reaching Hazard.
				A.10.2.7.3
				10.2.7.3.1
				10.2.7.3.2*
					A.10.2.7.3.2
				10.2.7.3.3
				10.2.7.3.4
				10.2.7.3.5
		10.2.8 Clearance to Storage (Standard Pendent and Upright Spray Sprinklers).
			10.2.8.1
			10.2.8.2
		10.2.9 Ceiling Pockets (Standard Pendent and Upright Spray Sprinklers).
			10.2.9.1*
				A.10.2.9.1
			10.2.9.2
				A.10.2.9.2(4)
			10.2.9.3
	10.3 Sidewall Standard Spray Sprinklers.
		10.3.1 General.
		10.3.2 Sidewall Spray Sprinklers.
		10.3.3 Protection Areas per Sprinkler (Standard Sidewall Spray Sprinklers).
			10.3.3.1 Determination of Protection Area of Coverage.
				10.3.3.1.1
				10.3.3.1.2
			10.3.3.2 Maximum Protection Area of Coverage.
				10.3.3.2.1
				10.3.3.2.2
		10.3.4 Sprinkler Spacing (Standard Sidewall Spray Sprinklers).
			10.3.4.1 Maximum Distance Between Sprinklers.
				10.3.4.1.1
				10.3.4.1.2
				10.3.4.1.3
				10.3.4.1.4
					10.3.4.1.4.1
					10.3.4.1.4.2
				10.3.4.1.5
				10.3.4.1.6
				10.3.4.1.7
			10.3.4.2 Maximum Distance from Walls.
			10.3.4.3 Minimum Distance from Walls.
				10.3.4.3.1
			10.3.4.4 Minimum Distance Between Sprinklers.
		10.3.5 Deflector Position from Ceilings and Walls (Standard Sidewall Spray Sprinklers).
			10.3.5.1 Distance Below Ceilings and from Walls.
				10.3.5.1.1 Ceilings.
					10.3.5.1.1.1
					10.3.5.1.1.2
				10.3.5.1.2 Walls.
					10.3.5.1.2.1*
						A.10.3.5.1.2.1
					10.3.5.1.2.2
				10.3.5.1.3 Lintels and Soffits.
					10.3.5.1.3.1
					10.3.5.1.3.2*
						A.10.3.5.1.3.2
					10.3.5.1.3.3*
						A.10.3.5.1.3.3
					10.3.5.1.4* Soffits and Cabinets.
						A.10.3.5.1.4
						10.3.5.1.4.1
						10.3.5.1.4.2
						10.3.5.1.4.3
			10.3.5.2 Deflector Orientation.
				10.3.5.2.1
		10.3.6 Obstructions to Sprinkler Discharge (Standard Sidewall Spray Sprinklers).
			10.3.6.1 Performance Objective.
				10.3.6.1.1
				10.3.6.1.2
					10.3.6.1.2.1
					10.3.6.1.2.2
				10.3.6.1.3
				10.3.6.1.4
					10.3.6.1.4.1
				10.3.6.1.5
				10.3.6.1.6*
					A.10.3.6.1.6
			10.3.6.2 Obstructions to Sprinkler Discharge Pattern Development.
				10.3.6.2.1 General.
					10.3.6.2.1.1
					10.3.6.2.1.2
					10.3.6.2.1.3*
						A.10.3.6.2.1.3
					10.3.6.2.1.4
					10.3.6.2.1.5
					10.3.6.2.1.6*
						A.10.3.6.2.1.6
				10.3.6.2.2 Suspended or Floor-Mounted Vertical Obstructions.
					10.3.6.2.2.1*
						A.10.3.6.2.2.1
			10.3.6.3* Obstructions that Prevent Sprinkler Discharge from Reaching Hazard.
				A.10.3.6.3
				10.3.6.3.1
				10.3.6.3.2*
					A.10.3.6.3.2
		10.3.7* Clearance to Storage (Standard Sidewall Spray Sprinklers).
			A.10.3.7
			10.3.7.1
			10.3.7.2
				10.3.7.2.1
				10.3.7.2.2
CHAPTER 11: Installation Requirements for Extended Coverage Upright, Pendent, and Sidewall Spray Sprinklers
	11.1 General.
	11.2 Extended Coverage Upright and Pendent Spray Sprinklers.
		11.2.1 Extended Coverage Sprinklers.
		11.2.2 Protection Areas per Sprinkler (Extended Coverage Upright and Pendent Spray Sprinklers).
			11.2.2.1* Determination of Protection Area of Coverage.
				A.11.2.2.1
				11.2.2.1.1
				11.2.2.1.2
				11.2.2.1.3
			11.2.2.2 Maximum Protection Area of Coverage.
				11.2.2.2.1*
					A.11.2.2.2.1
				11.2.2.2.2
		11.2.3 Sprinkler Spacing (Extended Coverage Upright and Pendent Spray Sprinklers).
			11.2.3.1 Maximum Distance Between Sprinklers.
				11.2.3.1.1
				11.2.3.1.2
				11.2.3.1.3
			11.2.3.2 Maximum Distance from Walls.
				11.2.3.2.1
				11.2.3.2.2
				11.2.3.2.3
			11.2.3.3 Minimum Distance from Walls.
			11.2.3.4 Minimum Distance Between Sprinklers.
				11.2.3.4.1
				11.2.3.4.2
		11.2.4 Deflector Position (Extended Coverage Upright and Pendent Spray Sprinklers).
			11.2.4.1 Distance Below Ceilings.
				11.2.4.1.1 Unobstructed Construction.
					11.2.4.1.1.1
					11.2.4.1.1.2
					11.2.4.1.1.3
					11.2.4.1.1.4
						A.11.2.4.1.1.4(A)
						A.11.2.4.1.1.4(B)
				11.2.4.1.2 Obstructed Construction.
				11.2.4.1.3* Peaked Roofs and Ceilings.
					A.11.2.4.1.3
			11.2.4.2 Deflector Orientation.
				11.2.4.2.1
		11.2.5 Obstructions to Sprinkler Discharge (Extended Coverage Upright and  Pendent Spray Sprinklers).
			11.2.5.1 Performance Objective.
				11.2.5.1.1
				11.2.5.1.2*
					A.11.2.5.1.2
			11.2.5.2 Obstructions to Sprinkler Discharge Pattern Development.
				11.2.5.2.1 General.
					11.2.5.2.1.1
					11.2.5.2.1.2
					11.2.5.2.1.3*
						A.11.2.5.2.1.3
					11.2.5.2.1.4
					11.2.5.2.1.5
					11.2.5.2.1.6
					11.2.5.2.1.7
					11.2.5.2.1.8
					11.2.5.2.1.9*
						A.11.2.5.2.1.9
				11.2.5.2.2 Suspended or Floor-Mounted Vertical Obstructions.
					11.2.5.2.2.1
			11.2.5.3* Obstructions that Prevent Sprinkler Discharge from Reaching Hazard.
				A.11.2.5.3
				11.2.5.3.1
				11.2.5.3.2*
					A.11.2.5.3.2
				11.2.5.3.3
				11.2.5.3.4
				11.2.5.3.5
		11.2.6* Clearance to Storage (Extended Coverage Upright and Pendent Spray Sprinklers).
			A.11.2.6
			11.2.6.1
			11.2.6.2
		11.2.7 Clearance to Storage (Extended Coverage Upright and Pendent Spray Sprinklers).
			11.2.7.1*
				A.11.2.7.1
			11.2.7.2
				11.2.7.2.1
				11.2.7.2.2
		11.2.8 Ceiling Pockets (Extended Coverage Upright and Pendent Spay Sprinklers).
			11.2.8.1
			11.2.8.2
				A.11.2.8.2(4)
			11.2.8.3
	11.3* Extended Coverage Sidewall Spray Sprinklers.
		A.11.3
		11.3.1 General.
		11.3.2
		11.3.3 Protection Areas per Sprinkler (Extended Coverage Sidewall Spray Sprinklers).
			11.3.3.1* Determination of Protection Area of Coverage.
				A.11.3.3.1
				11.3.3.1.1
				11.3.3.1.2
			11.3.3.2 Maximum Protection Area of Coverage.
				11.3.3.2.1
				11.3.3.2.2
		11.3.4 Sprinkler Spacing (Extended Coverage Sidewall Spray Sprinklers).
			11.3.4.1 Maximum Distance Between Sprinklers.
				11.3.4.1.1
				11.3.4.1.2
				11.3.4.1.3
				11.3.4.1.4
			11.3.4.2 Maximum Distance from Walls.
			11.3.4.3 Minimum Distance from Walls.
				11.3.4.3.1
				11.3.4.3.2
			11.3.4.4 Minimum Distance Between Sprinklers.
		11.3.5 Deflector Position from Ceilings and Walls (Extended Coverage Sidewall Spray Sprinklers).
			11.3.5.1 Distance Below Ceilings and from Walls to Which Sprinklers Are Mounted.
				11.3.5.1.1 Ceilings.
					11.3.5.1.1.1
					11.3.5.1.1.2
				11.3.5.1.2 Walls.
					11.3.5.1.2.1*
						A.11.3.5.1.2.1
					11.3.5.1.2.2
				11.3.5.1.3 Lintels and Soffits.
					A.11.3.5.1.3.1
					11.3.5.1.3.1*
						A.11.3.5.1.3.1
					11.3.5.1.3.2*
						A.11.3.5.1.3.2
				11.3.5.1.4* Soffits and Cabinets in Residential Areas/Occupancies.
					A.11.3.5.1.4
					11.3.5.1.4.1
					11.3.5.1.4.2
					11.3.5.1.4.3
			11.3.5.2 Deflector Orientation.
				11.3.5.2.1
				11.3.5.2.2
		11.3.6 Obstructions to Sprinkler Discharge (Extended Coverage Sidewall Spray Sprinklers).
			11.3.6.1 Performance Objective.
				11.3.6.1.1
				11.3.6.1.2
					11.3.6.1.2.1
					11.3.6.1.2.2
				11.3.6.1.3
				11.3.6.1.4
				11.3.6.1.5 Isolated Obstructions.
				11.3.6.1.6*
					A.11.3.6.1.6
			11.3.6.2 Obstructions to Sprinkler Discharge Pattern Development.
				11.3.6.2.1 General.
					11.3.6.2.1.1
					11.3.6.2.1.2
					11.3.6.2.1.3*
						A.11.3.6.2.1.3
					11.3.6.2.1.4
					11.3.6.2.1.5
					11.3.6.2.1.6*
						A.11.3.6.2.1.6
				11.3.6.2.2 Suspended or Floor-Mounted Vertical Obstructions.
					11.3.6.2.2.1*
						A.11.3.6.2.2.1
			11.3.6.3* Obstructions that Prevent Sprinkler Discharge from Reaching Hazard.
				A.11.3.6.3
				11.3.6.3.1
				11.3.6.3.2*
					A.11.3.6.3.2
				11.3.6.3.3
		11.3.7 Clearance to Storage (Extended Coverage Sidewall Spray Sprinklers).
CHAPTER 12: Installation Requirements for Residential Sprinklers
	12.1 General.
		12.1.1*
			A.12.1.1
		12.1.2
		12.1.3
		12.1.4
		12.1.5 Reserved.
		12.1.6* Listings.
			A.12.1.6
			12.1.6.1
			12.1.6.2
		12.1.7 Distances Between Sprinklers.
			12.1.7.1
			12.1.7.2
			12.1.7.3
			12.1.7.4
			12.1.7.5
			12.1.7.6
		12.1.8 Deflector Position from Ceilings and Walls.
			12.1.8.1
				12.1.8.1.1
				12.1.8.1.2
				12.1.8.1.3
				12.1.8.1.4
			12.1.8.2
			12.1.8.3
			12.1.8.4
			12.1.8.5
			12.1.8.6 Minimum Distance from Walls.
				12.1.8.6.1
			12.1.8.7 Deflector Orientation (Residential Upright and Pendent Spray).
				12.1.8.7.1
				12.1.8.7.2
				12.1.8.7.3
		12.1.9
		12.1.10 Obstructions to Sprinkler Discharge (Residential Upright and Pendent Spray Sprinklers).
			12.1.10.1 Performance Objective.
				12.1.10.1.1
				12.1.10.1.2
			12.1.10.2 Obstructions to Sprinkler Discharge Pattern Development.
				12.1.10.2.1 General.
					12.1.10.2.1.1
					12.1.10.2.1.2
					12.1.10.2.1.3*
						A.12.1.10.2.1.3
					12.1.10.2.1.4
					12.1.10.2.1.5
					12.1.10.2.1.6
					12.1.10.2.1.7
					12.1.10.2.1.8
					12.1.10.2.1.9*
						A.12.1.10.2.1.9
				12.1.10.2.2 Suspended or Floor-Mounted Vertical Obstructions.
				12.1.10.2.3* Shadow Areas.
					A.12.1.10.2.3
			12.1.10.3* Obstructions that Prevent Sprinkler Discharge from Reaching Hazard.
				A.12.1.10.3
				12.1.10.3.1
				12.1.10.3.2
				12.1.10.3.3
		12.1.11 Obstructions to Sprinkler Discharge (Residential Sidewall Spray Sprinklers).
			12.1.11.1 Performance Objective.
				12.1.11.1.1
				12.1.11.1.2
					12.1.11.1.2.1
					12.1.11.1.2.2
				12.1.11.1.3
				12.1.11.1.4
				12.1.11.1.5* Soffits and Cabinets.
					A.12.1.11.1.5
					12.1.11.1.5.1
					12.1.11.1.5.2
					12.1.11.1.5.3
				12.1.11.1.6*
					A.12.1.11.1.6
			12.1.11.2 Obstructions to Sprinkler Discharge Pattern Development.
				12.1.11.2.1 General.
					12.1.11.2.1.1
					12.1.11.2.1.2
					12.1.11.2.1.3*
						A.12.1.11.2.1.3
					12.1.11.2.1.4
					12.1.11.2.1.5
					12.1.11.2.1.6
					12.1.11.2.1.7*
						A.12.1.11.2.1.7
				12.1.11.2.2* Suspended or Floor-Mounted Vertical Obstructions.
					A.12.1.11.2.2
			12.1.11.3* Obstructions that Prevent Sprinkler Discharge from Reaching Hazard.
				A.12.1.11.3
				12.1.11.3.1
				12.1.11.3.2*
					A.12.1.11.3.2
				12.1.11.3.3
				12.1.11.3.4
				12.1.11.3.5
		12.1.12 Ceiling Pockets.
			12.1.12.1
			12.1.12.2
CHAPTER 13: Installation Requirements for CMSA Sprinklers
	13.1 General.
	13.2 CMSA Sprinklers.
		13.2.1 General.
			13.2.1.1
		13.2.2
		13.2.3 Temperature Ratings.
			13.2.3.1
			13.2.3.2
			13.2.3.3
			13.2.3.4
		13.2.4 Occupancy and Hazard.
			13.2.4.1
			13.2.4.2
		13.2.5* Protection Areas per Sprinkler (CMSA Sprinklers).
			A.13.2.5
			13.2.5.1 Determination of Protection Area of Coverage.
			13.2.5.2 Maximum Protection Area of Coverage.
				13.2.5.2.1
				13.2.5.2.2
				13.2.5.3 Minimum Protection Area of Coverage.
		13.2.6 Sprinkler Spacing (CMSA Sprinklers).
			13.2.6.1* Maximum Distance Between Sprinklers.
				A.13.2.6.1
				13.2.6.1.1
				13.2.6.1.2
			13.2.6.2 Maximum Distance from Walls.
			13.2.6.3 Minimum Distance from Walls.
			13.2.6.4 Minimum Distance Between Sprinklers.
		13.2.7 Deflector Position (CMSA Sprinklers).
			13.2.7.1* Distance Below Ceilings.
				A.13.2.7.1
					13.2.7.1.1 Unobstructed Construction.
					13.2.7.1.2 Obstructed Construction.
		13.2.8* Obstructions to Sprinkler Discharge (CMSA Sprinklers).
			A.13.2.8
			13.2.8.1 Performance Objective.
				13.2.8.1.1
				13.2.8.1.2
				13.2.8.1.3
			13.2.8.2 Obstructions to Sprinkler Discharge Pattern Development.
				13.2.8.2.1 General.
					13.2.8.2.1.1
					13.2.8.2.1.2
					13.2.8.2.1.3*
						A.13.2.8.2.1.3
				13.2.8.2.2 Branch Lines.
			13.2.8.3* Obstructions that Prevent Sprinkler Discharge from Reaching Hazard.
				A.13.2.8.3
				13.2.8.3.1
				13.2.8.3.2
				13.2.8.3.3
				13.2.8.3.4
				13.2.8.3.5
		13.2.9 Clearance to Storage (CMSA Sprinklers).
CHAPTER 14: Installation Requirements for Early Suppression Fast-Response Sprinklers
	14.1 General.
	14.2 Early Suppression Fast-Response Sprinklers.
		14.2.1 General.
		14.2.2
		14.2.3
		14.2.4*
			A.14.2.4
			14.2.4.1
			14.2.4.2
		14.2.5 Draft Curtains.
			14.2.5.1
			14.2.5.2
		14.2.6 Temperature Ratings.
		14.2.7 Occupancy and Hazard.
		14.2.8 Protection Areas per Sprinkler (Early Suppression Fast-Response Sprinklers).
			14.2.8.1 Determination of Protection Area of Coverage.
			14.2.8.2 Maximum Protection Area of Coverage.
				14.2.8.2.1
				14.2.8.2.2
				14.2.8.2.3*
					A.14.2.8.2.3
				14.2.8.2.4
			14.2.8.3 Minimum Protection Area of Coverage.
		14.2.9 Sprinkler Spacing (Early Suppression Fast-Response Sprinklers).
			14.2.9.1 Maximum Distance Between Sprinklers.
				A.14.2.9.1(3)
			14.2.9.2 Maximum Distance from Walls.
			14.2.9.3 Minimum Distance from Walls.
			14.2.9.4 Minimum Distance Between Sprinklers.
		14.2.10 Deflector Position (Early Suppression Fast-Response Sprinklers).
			14.2.10.1 Distance Below Ceilings.
				14.2.10.1.1
				14.2.10.1.2
				14.2.10.1.3
				14.2.10.1.4
				14.2.10.1.5
				14.2.10.1.6
			14.2.10.2 Deflector Orientation.
		14.2.11* Obstructions to Sprinkler Discharge (Early Suppression Fast-Response Sprinklers).
			A.14.2.11
			14.2.11.1 Obstructions at or Near Ceiling.
				14.2.11.1.1
				14.2.11.1.2
				14.2.11.1.3
			14.2.11.2* Isolated Obstructions Below Elevation of Sprinklers.
				A.14.2.11.2
			14.2.11.3 Continuous Obstructions Below Sprinklers.
				14.2.11.3.1 General Continuous Obstructions.
				14.2.11.3.2 Bottom Chords of Bar Joists or Open Trusses.
					14.2.11.3.2.1
				14.2.11.3.3*
					A.14.2.11.3.3
				14.2.11.3.4 Open Gratings.
				14.2.11.3.5 Overhead Doors.
				14.2.11.3.6 Special Obstruction Allowance.
		14.2.12 Clearance to Storage (Early Suppression Fast-Response Sprinklers).
CHAPTER 15: Installation Requirements for Special Sprinklers
	15.1 Open Sprinklers.
		15.1.1
		15.1.2
	15.2 Special Sprinklers.
		15.2.1
		15.2.2
	15.3 Dry Sprinklers.
		15.3.1*
			A.15.3.1
		15.3.2
		15.3.3*
			A.15.3.3
		15.3.4*
			A.15.3.4
	15.4 Old-Style Sprinklers.
		15.4.1
		15.4.2
		15.4.3
CHAPTER 16: Installation of Piping, Valves, and Appurtenances
	16.1 Basic Requirements.
		16.1.1*
			A.16.1.1
		16.1.2
		16.1.3 Reconditioned Components.
			16.1.3.1
			16.1.3.2
	16.2 Sprinkler Installation.
		16.2.1
			16.2.1.1
				16.2.1.1.1
		16.2.2* Corrosion Resistant.
			A.16.2.2
			16.2.2.1
				16.2.2.1.1*
					A.16.2.2.1.1
				16.2.2.1.2
		16.2.3 Painting.
			16.2.3.1
			16.2.3.2
		16.2.4 Protective Coverings.
			16.2.4.1
			16.2.4.2*
				A.16.2.4.2
			16.2.4.3
		16.2.5 Escutcheons and Cover Plates.
			16.2.5.1*
				A.16.2.5.1
			16.2.5.2*
				A.16.2.5.2
			16.2.5.3
			16.2.5.4
		16.2.6
		16.2.7 Stock of Spare Sprinklers.
			16.2.7.1*
				A.16.2.7.1
			16.2.7.2
			16.2.7.3
			16.2.7.4
			16.2.7.5
			16.2.7.6*
				A.16.2.7.6
			16.2.7.7
				16.2.7.7.1*
					A.16.2.7.7.1
	16.3 Piping Installation.
		16.3.1 General.
			16.3.1.1
			16.3.1.2
			16.3.1.3
			16.3.1.4
			16.3.1.5
		16.3.2* Steel Pipe — Welded or Roll-Grooved.
			A.16.3.2
		16.3.3 Steel Pipe — Threaded.
		16.3.4 Specially Listed Steel Pipe.
		16.3.5 Copper Tube.
		16.3.6 Brass Pipe.
		16.3.7 Stainless Steel Pipe.
		16.3.8 Metallic Pipe and Tube Bending.
			16.3.8.1
			16.3.8.2
			16.3.8.3
			16.3.8.4
		16.3.9 Nonmetallic Pipe and Tubing.
			16.3.9.1
			16.3.9.2
			16.3.9.3
			16.3.9.4*
				A.16.3.9.4
			16.3.9.5
			16.3.9.6
				16.3.9.6.1
				16.3.9.6.2
			16.3.9.7
		16.3.10 Listed Metallic Pipe and Tubing.
			16.3.10.1
				16.3.10.1.1
			16.3.10.2
		16.3.11 Return Bends.
			16.3.11.1
			16.3.11.2
			16.3.11.3
			16.3.11.4
			16.3.11.5
		16.3.12 Piping to Sprinklers Below Ceilings.
			16.3.12.1*
				A.16.3.12.1
			16.3.12.2*
				A.16.3.12.2
	16.4 Protection of Piping.
		16.4.1 Protection of Piping Against Freezing.
			16.4.1.1*
				A.16.4.1.1
					16.4.1.1.1
			16.4.1.2
			16.4.1.3
			16.4.1.4
				16.4.1.4.1
				16.4.1.4.2
			16.4.1.5
		16.4.2* Protection of Piping Against Corrosion.
			A.16.4.2
			16.4.2.1*
				A.16.4.2.1
			16.4.2.2
			16.4.2.3
			16.4.2.4
		16.4.3* Protection of Piping in Hazardous Areas.
			A.16.4.3
			16.4.3.1
			16.4.3.2
	16.5 Protection of Risers Subject to Mechanical Damage.
	16.6 Provision for Flushing Systems.
		16.6.1
		16.6.2
		16.6.3
		16.6.4
	16.7* Air Venting.
		A.16.7
	16.8 Fitting Installation.
		16.8.1 Metallic Fittings. (Reserved)
		16.8.2 Nonmetallic Fittings.
			16.8.2.1*
				A.16.8.2.1
			16.8.2.2*
				A.16.8.2.2
			16.8.2.3
			16.8.2.4
		16.8.3* Fitting Pressure Limits.
			A.16.8.3
			16.8.3.1
			16.8.3.2
			16.8.3.3
			16.8.3.4
			16.8.3.5
		16.8.4* Couplings and Unions.
			A.16.8.4
			16.8.4.1
			16.8.4.2
		16.8.5 Reducers and Bushings.
			16.8.5.1
			16.8.5.2
			16.8.5.3
			16.8.5.4
		16.8.6 Extension Fitting.
			16.8.6.1
			16.8.6.2
			16.8.6.3
			16.8.6.4
				16.8.6.4.1
			16.8.6.5
				16.8.6.5.1
		16.8.7 Threaded Pipe and Fittings.
	16.9 Valves.
		16.9.1 General.
			16.9.1.1 Drain Valves and Test Valves.
			16.9.1.2 Valve Pressure Requirements.
		16.9.2 Wafer-Type Valves.
		16.9.3* Control Valves.
			A.16.9.3
			16.9.3.1* General.
				A.16.9.3.1
				16.9.3.1.1
				16.9.3.1.2
				16.9.3.1.3
			16.9.3.2 Listed Indicating Valves.
				16.9.3.2.1
				16.9.3.2.2
				16.9.3.2.3
			16.9.3.3* Supervision.
				A.16.9.3.3
				16.9.3.3.1
				16.9.3.3.2
				16.9.3.3.3
				16.9.3.3.4
				16.9.3.3.5
			16.9.3.4* Control Valve Accessibility.
				A.16.9.3.4
			16.9.3.5 Control Valve Identification.
		16.9.4 Automated Valves.
			16.9.4.1
			16.9.4.2
			16.9.4.3
		16.9.5* Check Valves.
			A.16.9.5
			16.9.5.1
			16.9.5.2
			16.9.5.3
			16.9.5.4
			16.9.5.5*
				A.16.9.5.5
		16.9.6* Control Valves with Check Valves.
			A.16.9.6
			16.9.6.1
			16.9.6.2
			16.9.6.3
			16.9.6.4
			16.9.6.5* Control Valves for Gravity Tanks.
				A.16.9.6.5
		16.9.7* Pumps.
			A.16.9.7
		16.9.8 Pressure-Reducing Valves.
			16.9.8.1
			16.9.8.2
			16.9.8.3*
				A.16.9.8.3
			16.9.8.4
			16.9.8.5
		16.9.9* Post-Indicator Valves.
			A.16.9.9
			16.9.9.1
			16.9.9.2
			16.9.9.3
		16.9.10 Valves in Pits.
			16.9.10.1
			16.9.10.2* Valve Pit Construction.
				A.16.9.10.2
				16.9.10.2.1
				16.9.10.2.2
				16.9.10.2.3
				16.9.10.2.4
				16.9.10.2.5
				16.9.10.2.6
			16.9.10.3 Valve Pit Marking.
		16.9.11 Floor Control Valve Assemblies.
			16.9.11.1
			16.9.11.2
			16.9.11.3
			16.9.11.4
			16.9.11.5*
				A.16.9.11.5
		16.9.12* Identification of Valves.
			A.16.9.12
			16.9.12.1
			16.9.12.2
			16.9.12.3
				16.9.12.3.1*
					A.16.9.12.3.1
	16.10 Drainage.
		16.10.1 General.
		16.10.2 Wet Pipe Systems.
			16.10.2.1
			16.10.2.2
		16.10.3 Dry Pipe and Preaction Systems.
			16.10.3.1 Dry Pipe Systems in Nonrefrigerated Areas.
			16.10.3.2 Preaction Systems.
			16.10.3.3 Dry Pipe and Preaction Systems in Refrigerated Areas.
		16.10.4 System, Main Drain, or Sectional Drain Connections.
			16.10.4.1
			16.10.4.2
			16.10.4.3
			16.10.4.4
			16.10.4.5
			16.10.4.6* Main Drain Test Connections.
				A.16.10.4.6
				16.10.4.6.1
				16.10.4.6.2
				16.10.4.6.3
			16.10.4.7
			16.10.4.8
			16.10.4.9
		16.10.5 Auxiliary Drains.
			16.10.5.1
			16.10.5.2 Auxiliary Drains for Wet Pipe Systems and Preaction Systems in Areas Not Subject to Freezing.
				16.10.5.2.1*
					A.16.10.5.2.1
				16.10.5.2.2
				16.10.5.2.3
				16.10.5.2.4
			16.10.5.3 Auxiliary Drains for Dry Pipe Systems and Preaction Systems.
				16.10.5.3.1
				16.10.5.3.2
				16.10.5.3.3
				16.10.5.3.4
				16.10.5.3.5
				16.10.5.3.6
				16.10.5.3.7
		16.10.6 Discharge of Drain Valves.
			16.10.6.1
			16.10.6.2
			16.10.6.3
			16.10.6.4
			16.10.6.5
			16.10.6.6
	16.11 System Attachments.
		16.11.1 Attachments — General.
			16.11.1.1*
				A.16.11.1.1
			16.11.1.2*
				A.16.11.1.2
			16.11.1.3
			16.11.1.4
		16.11.2* Sprinkler Alarms/Waterflow Alarms.
			A.16.11.2
			16.11.2.1 Local Waterflow Alarms.
		16.11.3 Waterflow Detection Devices.
			16.11.3.1 Wet Pipe Systems.
			16.11.3.2 Dry Pipe Systems.
				16.11.3.2.1
				16.11.3.2.2
			16.11.3.3 Preaction and Deluge Systems.
				16.11.3.3.1
			16.11.3.4* Paddle-Type Waterflow Devices.
				A.16.11.3.4
		16.11.4 Retarding Devices.
		16.11.5 Alarm Bypass Test Connections.
			16.11.5.1
			16.11.5.2
			16.11.5.3
			16.11.5.4
		16.11.6 Indicating Control Valves.
			16.11.6.1
			16.11.6.2
		16.11.7* Attachments — Electrically Operated.
			A.16.11.7
			16.11.7.1
			16.11.7.2
			16.11.7.3
		16.11.8* Attachments — Mechanically Operated.
			A.16.11.8
			16.11.8.1
			16.11.8.2
		16.11.9 Alarm Device Drains.
		16.11.10* Alarm Attachments — High-Rise Buildings.
			A.16.11.10
	16.12* Fire Department Connections.
		A.16.12
		16.12.1*
			A.16.12.1
		16.12.2
		16.12.3 Fire Department Connection Types.
			16.12.3.1*
				A.16.12.3.1
				16.12.3.1.1
				16.12.3.1.2
				16.12.3.1.3
			16.12.3.2
			16.12.3.3
		16.12.4* Size.
			A.16.12.4
		16.12.5* Arrangement.
			A.16.12.5
			16.12.5.1*
				A.16.12.5.1
				16.12.5.1.1
				16.12.5.1.2
			16.12.5.2
			16.12.5.3
			16.12.5.4
			16.12.5.5*
				A.16.12.5.5
			16.12.5.6
			16.12.5.7*
				A.16.12.5.7
			16.12.5.8 Signs.
				16.12.5.8.1
				16.12.5.8.2
				16.12.5.8.3
			16.12.5.9
			16.12.5.10
		16.12.6 Valves.
			16.12.6.1
			16.12.6.2
		16.12.7* Drainage.
			A.16.12.7
			16.12.7.1
	16.13 Gauges.
		16.13.1
		16.13.2
		16.13.3
		16.13.4
	16.14 System Connections.
		16.14.1* Wet Pipe Systems.
			A.16.14.1
			16.14.1.1
			16.14.1.2
			16.14.1.3
			16.14.1.4
		16.14.2* Dry Pipe Systems.
			A.16.14.2
			16.14.2.1
			16.14.2.2
			16.14.2.3
			16.14.2.4
			16.14.2.5
		16.14.3 Preaction Systems.
			16.14.3.1
			16.14.3.2
			16.14.3.3
			16.14.3.4
			16.14.3.5
			16.14.3.6
			16.14.3.7
		16.14.4 Deluge Systems.
		16.14.5* Backflow Devices.
			A.16.14.5
			16.14.5.1* Backflow Prevention Valves.
				A.16.14.5.1
				16.14.5.1.1
	16.15 Hose Connections.
		16.15.1 Small [11 2 in. (40 mm)] Hose Connections.
			16.15.1.1*
				A.16.15.1.1
				16.15.1.1.1
				16.15.1.1.2
				16.15.1.1.3
			16.15.1.2
			16.15.1.3
			16.15.1.4*
				A.16.15.1.4
		16.15.2 Hose Connections for Fire Department Use.
			16.15.2.1
			16.15.2.2*
				A.16.15.2.2
	16.16 Electrical Bonding and Grounding.
		16.16.1
		16.16.2*
			A.16.16.2
	16.17* Signs . (Reserved)
		A.16.17
CHAPTER 17: Installation Requirements for Hanging and Support of System Piping
	17.1* General.
		A.17.1
		17.1.1
		17.1.2
		17.1.3 Support of Non-System Components.
			17.1.3.1*
				A.17.1.3.1
			17.1.3.2
		17.1.4
			17.1.4.1*
				A.17.1.4.1
				17.1.4.1.1
				17.1.4.1.2
				17.1.4.1.3
				17.1.4.1.4*
					A.17.1.4.1.4
				17.1.4.1.5
		17.1.5
		17.1.6 Listing.
			17.1.6.1*
				A.17.1.6.1
			17.1.6.2*
				A.17.1.6.2
			17.1.6.3*
				A.17.1.6.3
			17.1.6.4
		17.1.7 Component Material.
			17.1.7.1
			17.1.7.2
			17.1.7.3
	17.2 Hanger Components.
		17.2.1 Hanger Rods.
			17.2.1.1
			17.2.1.2
			17.2.1.3
				A.17.2.1.3(1)
			17.2.1.4 U-Hooks.
			17.2.1.5 Eye Rods.
				17.2.1.5.1
				17.2.1.5.2
				17.2.1.5.3
			17.2.1.6 Threaded Sections of Rods.
		17.2.2* Fasteners in Concrete.
			A.17.2.2
			17.2.2.1
			17.2.2.2
			17.2.2.3
			17.2.2.4
			17.2.2.5
			17.2.2.6
			17.2.2.7
			17.2.2.8
			17.2.2.9 Powder-Driven Studs.
				17.2.2.9.1
				17.2.2.9.2
				17.2.2.9.3*
					A.17.2.2.9.3
				17.2.2.9.4
			17.2.2.10 Minimum Bolt or Rod Size for Concrete.
				17.2.2.10.1
				17.2.2.10.2
				17.2.2.10.3
		17.2.3 Fasteners in Steel.
			17.2.3.1*
				A.17.2.3.1
			17.2.3.2
			17.2.3.3
			17.2.3.4
			17.2.3.5 Minimum Bolt or Rod Size for Steel.
				17.2.3.5.1
				17.2.3.5.2
				17.2.3.5.3
		17.2.4 Fasteners in Wood.
			17.2.4.1 Drive Screws.
				17.2.4.1.1
				17.2.4.1.2
			17.2.4.2 Ceiling Flanges and U-Hooks with Screws.
				17.2.4.2.1
				17.2.4.2.2
				17.2.4.2.3
			17.2.4.3 Bolts, Rods, or Lag Screws.
				17.2.4.3.1
				17.2.4.3.2
				17.2.4.3.3
				17.2.4.3.4
				17.2.4.3.5
			17.2.4.4 Wood Screws.
			17.2.4.5 Nails.
			17.2.4.6 Screws in Side of Timber or Joists.
				17.2.4.6.1
				17.2.4.6.2
			17.2.4.7 Coach Screw Rods.
				17.2.4.7.1 Minimum Coach Screw Rod Size.
				17.2.4.7.2
				17.2.4.7.3
				17.2.4.7.4
	17.3* Trapeze Hangers.
		A.17.3
		17.3.1
		17.3.2
		17.3.3
		17.3.4
		17.3.5*
			A.17.3.5
		17.3.6
		17.3.7
		17.3.8
		17.3.9
	17.4* Installation of Pipe Hangers.
		A.17.4
		17.4.1 General.
			17.4.1.1 Ceiling Sheathing.
				17.4.1.1.1*
					A.17.4.1.1.1
				17.4.1.1.2
			17.4.1.2 Storage Racks.
			17.4.1.3* Building Structure.
				A.17.4.1.3
				17.4.1.3.1
				17.4.1.3.2
				17.4.1.3.3* Flexible Sprinkler Hose Fittings.
					A.17.4.1.3.3
					17.4.1.3.3.1
					17.4.1.3.3.2
					17.4.1.3.3.3*
						A.17.4.1.3.3.3
					17.4.1.3.3.4*
						A.17.4.1.3.3.4
			17.4.1.4 Metal Deck.
				17.4.1.4.1*
					A.17.4.1.4.1
				17.4.1.4.2
			17.4.1.5
		17.4.2* Maximum Distance Between Hangers.
			A.17.4.2
			17.4.2.1
			17.4.2.2
		17.4.3 Location of Hangers on Branch Lines.
			17.4.3.1
			17.4.3.2* Minimum Number of Hangers.
				A.17.4.3.2
				17.4.3.2.1
				17.4.3.2.2*
					A.17.4.3.2.2
				17.4.3.2.3
				17.4.3.2.4*
					A.17.4.3.2.4
				17.4.3.2.5*
					A.17.4.3.2.5
			17.4.3.3 Clearance to Hangers.
			17.4.3.4* Unsupported Lengths.
				A.17.4.3.4
				17.4.3.4.1
				17.4.3.4.2
				17.4.3.4.3
				17.4.3.4.4*
					A.17.4.3.4.4
					17.4.3.4.4.1
					17.4.3.4.4.2
					17.4.3.4.4.3
					17.4.3.4.4.4
			17.4.3.5* Unsupported Armover Length.
				A.17.4.3.5
				17.4.3.5.1
				17.4.3.5.2* Unsupported Armover Length with Maximum Pressure Exceeding 100 psi (6.9 bar) and Branch Line Above Ceiling Supplying Sprinklers in Pendent Position Below Ceiling.
					A.17.4.3.5.2
					17.4.3.5.2.1
					17.4.3.5.2.2
					17.4.3.5.2.3
			17.4.3.6*
				A.17.4.3.6
			17.4.3.7 Sprigs.
		17.4.4 Location of Hangers on Mains.
			17.4.4.1
			17.4.4.2
			17.4.4.3
				17.4.4.3.1
			17.4.4.4
				17.4.4.4.1
			17.4.4.5
			17.4.4.6
			17.4.4.7
			17.4.4.8*
				A.17.4.4.8
			17.4.4.9
		17.4.5 Support of Risers.
			17.4.5.1
			17.4.5.2
			17.4.5.3*
				A.17.4.5.3
			17.4.5.4 Multistory Buildings.
				17.4.5.4.1
				17.4.5.4.2*
					A.17.4.5.4.2
				17.4.5.4.3
				17.4.5.4.4
			17.4.5.5
	17.5* Pipe Stands.
		A.17.5
		17.5.1 General.
			17.5.1.1
			17.5.1.2
			17.5.1.3
		17.5.2 Component Material.
			17.5.2.1
			17.5.2.2
		17.5.3 Sizing.
			17.5.3.1*
				A.17.5.3.1
			17.5.3.2*
				A.17.5.3.2
				A.17.5.3.2(2)
			17.5.3.3
		17.5.4 Pipe Stand Base.
			17.5.4.1
			17.5.4.2*
				A.17.5.4.2
				17.5.4.2.1
			17.5.4.3*
				A.17.5.4.3
			17.5.4.4
				17.5.4.4.1
			17.5.4.5
				17.5.4.5.1
		17.5.5 Attaching to System Piping.
			17.5.5.1
			17.5.5.2*
				A.17.5.5.2
			17.5.5.3
		17.5.6 Thrust.
			17.5.6.1*
				A.17.5.6.1
			17.5.6.2*
				A.17.5.6.2
		17.5.7 Exterior Applications.
			17.5.7.1
			17.5.7.2
CHAPTER 18: Installation Requirements for Seismic Protection
	18.1* Protection of Piping Against Damage Where Subject to Earthquakes.
		A.18.1
		18.1.1
		18.1.2
		18.1.3 Obstructions to Sprinklers.
	18.2* Flexible Couplings.
		A.18.2
		18.2.1
		18.2.2
		18.2.3
			18.2.3.1
				A.18.2.3.1(1)
				A.18.2.3.1(2)(a)
				A.18.2.3.1(4)
			18.2.3.2
				A.18.2.3.2(1)
				A.18.2.3.2(2)
		18.2.4* Flexible Couplings for Drops.
			A.18.2.4
	18.3* Seismic Separation Assembly.
		A.18.3
		18.3.1
		18.3.2
		18.3.3*
			A.18.3.3
		18.3.4
	18.4* Clearance.
		A.18.4
		18.4.1*
			A.18.4.1
		18.4.2
		18.4.3
		18.4.4
		18.4.5
		18.4.6
		18.4.7
		18.4.8
		18.4.9
		18.4.10*
			A.18.4.10
		18.4.11*
			A.18.4.11
			18.4.11.1
		18.4.12
		18.4.13
			18.4.13.1
	18.5* Sway Bracing.
		A.18.5
		18.5.1 General.
			18.5.1.1
			18.5.1.2
			18.5.1.3*
				A.18.5.1.3
			18.5.1.4*
				A.18.5.1.4
				18.5.1.4.1
			18.5.1.5*
				A.18.5.1.5
			18.5.1.6
		18.5.2 Listing.
			18.5.2.1
			18.5.2.2
				18.5.2.2.1
			18.5.2.3*
				A.18.5.2.3
				18.5.2.3.1*
					A.18.5.2.3.1
				18.5.2.3.2
		18.5.3 Component Material.
			18.5.3.1
			18.5.3.2
		18.5.4 Sway Bracing Design.
			18.5.4.1
			18.5.4.2*
				A.18.5.4.2
			18.5.4.3
		18.5.5 Lateral Sway Bracing.
			18.5.5.1*
				A.18.5.5.1
				18.5.5.1.1
			18.5.5.2*
				A.18.5.5.2
				18.5.5.2.1
				18.5.5.2.2
				18.5.5.2.3
				18.5.5.2.4
			18.5.5.3
			18.5.5.4
			18.5.5.5
			18.5.5.6
			18.5.5.7
			18.5.5.8
			18.5.5.9
			18.5.5.10*
				A.18.5.5.10
				18.5.5.10.1
					A.18.5.5.10.1(1)
				18.5.5.10.2
					A.18.5.5.10.2(1)
				18.5.5.10.3
			18.5.5.11
				18.5.5.11.1
				18.5.5.11.2
		18.5.6 Longitudinal Sway Bracing.
			18.5.6.1
			18.5.6.2
			18.5.6.3
		18.5.7 Pipe with Change(s) in Direction.
			18.5.7.1
			18.5.7.2*
				A.18.5.7.2
		18.5.8 Sway Bracing of Risers.
			18.5.8.1*
				A.18.5.8.1
				18.5.8.1.1*
					A.18.5.8.1.1
			18.5.8.2
			18.5.8.3
			18.5.8.4
			18.5.8.5
		18.5.9* Horizontal Seismic Loads.
			A.18.5.9
			18.5.9.1*
				A.18.5.9.1
			18.5.9.2
			18.5.9.3
				18.5.9.3.1
				18.5.9.3.2*
					A.18.5.9.3.2
			18.5.9.4*
				A.18.5.9.4
			18.5.9.5*
				A.18.5.9.5
			18.5.9.6*
				A.18.5.9.6
				18.5.9.6.1*
					A.18.5.9.6.1
				18.5.9.6.2
			18.5.9.7
		18.5.10 Net Vertical Reaction Forces.
		18.5.11* Sway Brace Installation.
			A.18.5.11
			18.5.11.1*
				A.18.5.11.1
			18.5.11.2
			18.5.11.3
			18.5.11.4
			18.5.11.5
			18.5.11.6
			18.5.11.7
			18.5.11.8
			18.5.11.9*
				A.18.5.11.9
				18.5.11.9.1
			18.5.11.10
			18.5.11.11
		18.5.12* Fasteners.
			A.18.5.12
			18.5.12.1
			18.5.12.2*
				A.18.5.12.2
			18.5.12.3*
				A.18.5.12.3
			18.5.12.4*
				A.18.5.12.4
			18.5.12.5
			18.5.12.6
				18.5.12.6.1
				18.5.12.6.2
			18.5.12.7 Concrete Anchors.
				18.5.12.7.1*
					A.18.5.12.7.1
				18.5.12.7.2
				18.5.12.7.3
					A.18.5.12.7.3(D)
				18.5.12.7.4
				18.5.12.7.5
		18.5.13 Braces to Buildings with Differential Movement.
	18.6 Restraint of Branch Lines
		18.6.1*
			A.18.6.1(5)
			A.18.6.1
		18.6.2 Wire Restraint.
			18.6.2.1
			18.6.2.2
		18.6.3
			18.6.3.1
		18.6.4*
			A.18.6.4
		18.6.5
		18.6.6*
			A.18.6.6
		18.6.7
	18.7 Hangers and Fasteners Subject to Earthquakes.
		18.7.1
			18.7.1.1
		18.7.2
		18.7.3
		18.7.4
		18.7.5
		18.7.6
		18.7.7
		18.7.8*
			A.18.7.8
		18.7.9
	18.8* Pipe Stands Subject to Earthquakes.
		A.18.8
		18.8.1
		18.8.2
CHAPTER 19: Design Approaches
	19.1 General.
	19.2 General Design Approaches
		19.2.1
		19.2.2* Adjacent Hazards or Design Methods.
			A.19.2.2
		19.2.3
		19.2.4 Water Demand.
			19.2.4.1*
				A.19.2.4.1
			19.2.4.2*
				A.19.2.4.2
		19.2.5 Water Supplies.
			19.2.5.1
			19.2.5.2*
				A.19.2.5.2
			19.2.5.3*
				A.19.2.5.3
		19.2.6 Hose Allowance.
			19.2.6.1 Systems with Multiple Hazard Classifications.
				A.19.2.6.1(3)
			19.2.6.2*
				A.19.2.6.2
			19.2.6.3
				19.2.6.3.1
			19.2.6.4*
				A.19.2.6.4
		19.2.7* High Volume Low Speed (HVLS) Fans.
			A.19.2.7
	19.3 Occupancy Hazard Fire Control Approach for Spray Sprinklers.
		19.3.1 General.
			19.3.1.1*
				A.19.3.1.1
			19.3.1.2 Occupancy Classifications.
				19.3.1.2.1
				19.3.1.2.2
				19.3.1.2.3
				19.3.1.2.4
		19.3.2 Water Demand Requirements — Pipe Schedule Method.
			19.3.2.1
			19.3.2.2
			19.3.2.3
			19.3.2.4
			19.3.2.5
			19.3.2.6* Residual Pressure.
				A.19.3.2.6
				19.3.2.6.1
				19.3.2.6.2 Friction Loss Due to Backflow Prevention Valves.
					19.3.2.6.2.1
					19.3.2.6.2.2
			19.3.2.7
		19.3.3 Water Demand Requirements — Hydraulic Calculation Methods.
			19.3.3.1 General.
				19.3.3.1.1
				19.3.3.1.2
				19.3.3.1.3
				19.3.3.1.4 Restrictions.
					A.19.3.3.1.4(1)
				19.3.3.1.5 Unsprinklered Combustible Concealed Spaces.
					19.3.3.1.5.1*
						A.19.3.3.1.5.1
					19.3.3.1.5.2
						A.19.3.3.1.5.2(4)
						A.19.3.3.1.5.2(10)
			19.3.3.2 Density/Area Method.
				19.3.3.2.1 Water Supply.
					19.3.3.2.1.1
					19.3.3.2.1.2
					19.3.3.2.1.3
				19.3.3.2.2 Sprinklers.
					19.3.3.2.2.1
					19.3.3.2.2.2
					19.3.3.2.2.3
					19.3.3.2.2.4
				19.3.3.2.3 Quick-Response Sprinklers.
					19.3.3.2.3.1
					19.3.3.2.3.2
					19.3.3.2.3.3
				19.3.3.2.4 Sloped Ceilings.
				19.3.3.2.5* Dry Pipe and Double Interlock Preaction Systems.
					A.19.3.3.2.5
				19.3.3.2.6 High-Temperature Sprinklers.
				19.3.3.2.7
				19.3.3.2.8* Multiple Adjustments.
					A.19.3.3.2.8
					19.3.3.2.8.1
					19.3.3.2.8.2
			19.3.3.3 Room Design Method.
				19.3.3.3.1*
					A.19.3.3.3.1
				19.3.3.3.2
				19.3.3.3.3
				19.3.3.3.4
				19.3.3.3.5
				19.3.3.3.6
				19.3.3.3.7
			19.3.3.4 Special Design Areas.
				19.3.3.4.1
				19.3.3.4.2*
					A.19.3.3.4.2
				19.3.3.4.3
				19.3.3.4.4 Stair Towers.
	19.4 Special Design Approaches.
		19.4.1 Residential Sprinklers.
			19.4.1.1*
				A.19.4.1.1
			19.4.1.2*
				A.19.4.1.2
				19.4.1.2.1*
					A.19.4.1.2.1
				19.4.1.2.2
			19.4.1.3
			19.4.1.4
				19.4.1.4.1
			19.4.1.5
			19.4.1.6
		19.4.2 Exposure Protection.
			19.4.2.1*
				A.19.4.2.1
			19.4.2.2
		19.4.3 Water Curtains.
			19.4.3.1
			19.4.3.2
			19.4.3.3
			19.4.3.4 Sprinklers Under Roof or Ceiling in Combustible Concealed Spaces of Wood Joist or Wood Truss Construction with Members 3 ft (0.9 m) or Less on Center and Slope Having Pitch of 4 in 12 or Greater.
				19.4.3.4.1
				19.4.3.4.2
				19.4.3.4.3
			19.4.3.5
		19.4.4 Sprinkler-Protected Glazing.
			19.4.4.1
			19.4.4.2
			19.4.4.3
	19.5 Deluge Systems.
CHAPTER 20: General Requirements for Storage
	20.1 General
		20.1.1
	20.2 Protection of Storage
	20.3* Classification of Commodities
		A.20.3
		20.3.1*
			A.20.3.1
			20.3.1.1
			20.3.1.2
		20.3.2 Pallet Types.
			20.3.2.1 General.
			20.3.2.2 Plastic Pallet.
				20.3.2.2.1* Unreinforced Plastic Pallets.
					A.20.3.2.2.1
					20.3.2.2.1.1
					20.3.2.2.1.2
				20.3.2.2.2 Reinforced Plastic Pallet.
					20.3.2.2.2.1*
						A.20.3.2.2.2.1
					20.3.2.2.2.2
				20.3.2.2.3
				20.3.2.2.4
			20.3.2.3
			20.3.2.4
			20.3.2.5 Slave Pallet.
		20.3.3 Open-Top Container
			C.12 [20.3.3]
		20.3.4 Solid Unit Load of Nonexpanded Plastic (Either Cartoned or Exposed).
	20.4* Commodity Classes
		A.20.4
		20.4.1* Class I.
			A.20.4.1
		20.4.2* Class II.
			A.20.4.2
		20.4.3* Class III.
			A.20.4.3
			20.4.3.1
			20.4.3.2
			20.4.3.3
		20.4.4* Class IV.
			A.20.4.4
			20.4.4.1
			20.4.4.2
		20.4.5* Classification of Plastics, Elastomers, and Rubber.
			A.20.4.5
			20.4.5.1* Group A.
				A.20.4.5.1
			20.4.5.2*
				A.20.4.5.2
			20.4.5.3
			20.4.5.4
			20.4.5.5
		20.4.6 Group B.
		20.4.7 Group C.
		20.4.8*
			A.20.4.8
			20.4.8.1
			20.4.8.2
		20.4.9 Rubber Tires
		20.4.10* Classification of Rolled Paper Storage.
			A.20.4.10
			20.4.10.1 Heavyweight Class.
			20.4.10.2 Mediumweight Class.
			20.4.10.3 Lightweight Class.
			20.4.10.4 Tissue.
				20.4.10.4.1
				20.4.10.4.2
		20.4.11*
			A.20.4.11
		20.4.12 Retail Display/Storage of Up to Cartoned Group A Plastics.
			20.4.12.1 Baled Cotton.
		20.4.13 Carton Records Storage.
		20.4.14 Mixed Commodities.
			20.4.14.1
			20.4.14.2
			20.4.14.3
			20.4.14.4 Mixed Commodity Segregation.
	20.5 Storage Arrangement
		20.5.1
			20.5.1.1
		20.5.2 Movable Racks.
		20.5.3* Rack Storage.
			A.20.5.3
			20.5.3.1 Shelving.
				20.5.3.1.1
				20.5.3.1.2
			20.5.3.2 Aisles.
				20.5.3.2.1
			20.5.3.3 Flues.
				20.5.3.3.1 Longitudinal Flue Space.
					20.5.3.3.1.1
						C.13 [20.5.3.3.1.1]
					20.5.3.3.1.2
				20.5.3.3.2 Transverse Flue Space.
					20.5.3.3.2.1
					20.5.3.3.2.2
						C.26 [20.5.3.3.2.2]
		20.5.4 Rubber Tires.
			20.5.4.1 Water Supplies.
		20.5.5 Roll Paper.
			20.5.5.1* Protection Criteria for Roll Paper Storage.
				A.20.5.5.1
			20.5.5.2
				20.5.5.2.1
			20.5.5.3
			20.5.5.4
			20.5.5.5
			20.5.5.6
		20.5.6 Plastic Motor Vehicle Components.
	20.6 Building Construction and Storage: Heights and Clearance
		20.6.1 Ceiling Slope.
		20.6.2* Building and Storage Height.
			A.20.6.2
			20.6.2.1
			20.6.2.2
			20.6.2.3
			20.6.2.4
				20.6.2.4.1
				20.6.2.4.2
			20.6.2.5*
				A.20.6.2.5
				20.6.2.5.1
			20.6.2.6
		20.6.3 Storage Height.
			20.6.3.1
			20.6.3.2
		20.6.4 Clearance to Ceiling.
			20.6.4.1
				A.20.6.4.1
				20.6.4.1.1
				20.6.4.1.2
				20.6.4.1.3
			20.6.4.2
			20.6.4.3
			20.6.4.4
			20.6.4.5
		20.6.5 Roof Vents and Draft Curtains.
			C.6 [20.6.5]
		20.6.6 Clearance from Deflector to Storage.
			20.6.6.1
			20.6.6.2*
				A.20.6.6.2
			20.6.6.3
			20.6.6.4
			20.6.6.5
			20.6.6.6*
				A.20.6.6.6
				20.6.6.6.1
				20.6.6.6.2
				20.6.6.6.3
			20.6.6.7
			20.6.6.8
		20.6.7* High Volume Low Speed (HVLS) Fans.
			A.20.6.7
			20.6.7.1
	20.7 Unsprinklered Combustible Concealed Spaces
		20.7.1*
			A.20.7.1
			20.7.1.1
			20.7.1.2
		20.7.2
	20.8 Room Design Method
		20.8.1*
			A.20.8.1
		20.8.2
			20.8.2.1
		20.8.3
	20.9* High-Expansion Foam Systems.
		A.20.9
		20.9.1 General: High Expansion Foam Systems.
			20.9.1.1
			20.9.1.2
			20.9.1.3
			20.9.1.4
			20.9.1.5
				20.9.1.5.1
		20.9.2 High-Expansion Foam: Reduction in Ceiling Density.
			20.9.2.1
			20.9.2.2
			20.9.2.3
			20.9.2.4
			20.9.2.5 Reduced-Discharge Density.
			20.9.2.6
			20.9.2.7 Detectors for High-Expansion Foam Systems.
				20.9.2.7.1
				20.9.2.7.2
				20.9.2.7.3
	20.10* Adjacent Hazards or Design Methods
		A.20.10
		20.10.1
		20.10.2*
			A.20.10.2
		20.10.3
		20.10.4 Systems with Multiple Hazard Classifications.
			A.20.10.4(3)
	20.11* Hose Connections.
		A.20.11
		20.11.1 Small [11 2 in. (40 mm)] Hose Connections
			C.5 [16.15.1 and 20.11.1]
			20.11.1.1 Hose Connection.
			20.11.1.2
	20.12 Hose Stream Allowance and Water Supply Duration
		20.12.1
		20.12.2
			20.12.2.1*
				A.20.12.2.1
			20.12.2.2*
				A.20.12.2.2
			20.12.2.3
			20.12.2.4
			20.12.2.5
			20.12.2.6
				C.8 [20.12.2.6]
			20.12.2.7
				20.12.2.7.1
		20.12.3
		20.12.4
		20.12.5
	20.13 Discharge Considerations: General.
		20.13.1 Multiple Adjustments.
			20.13.1.1
			20.13.1.2
		20.13.2* Wet Pipe Systems.
			A.20.13.2
			20.13.2.1
			20.13.2.2*
				A.20.13.2.2
		20.13.3 Dry Pipe and Preaction Systems.
	20.14* Protection of Idle Pallets.
		A.20.14
		20.14.1 Wood Pallets.
			20.14.1.1*
				A.20.14.1.1
			20.14.1.2
				20.14.1.2.1
			20.14.1.3
				C.7 [20.14.1.3]
		20.14.2 Plastic Pallets.
			20.14.2.1
			20.14.2.2 Protection Criteria for Plastic Pallets Stored Indoors.
				20.14.2.2.1
				20.14.2.2.2
				20.14.2.2.3
				20.14.2.2.4
					20.14.2.2.4.1
					20.14.2.2.4.2
					20.14.2.2.4.3
			20.14.2.3
				20.14.2.3.1
		20.14.3 Idle Pallets Stored on Racks, on Shelves, and Above Doors.
			20.14.3.1
			20.14.3.2
			20.14.3.3
	20.15 Column Protection: Rack Storage and Rubber Tire Storage.
		C.10 [20.15]
		20.15.1*
			A.20.15.1
			20.15.1.1
			20.15.1.2
		20.15.2 Columns Within Rubber Tire Storage.
			20.15.2.1
			20.15.2.2
			20.15.2.3
			20.15.2.4
			20.15.2.5
CHAPTER 21: Protection of High Piled Storage Using Control Mode Density Area (CMDA) Sprinklers
	21.1 General
		21.1.1
		21.1.2*
			A.21.1.2
		21.1.3
		21.1.4
		21.1.5*
			A.21.1.5
		21.1.6
		21.1.7
		21.1.8
			21.1.8.1
			21.1.8.2
		21.1.9
		21.1.10 Discharge Considerations.
			21.1.10.1
			21.1.10.2
			21.1.10.3
			21.1.10.4
	21.2 *Control Mode Density/Area Sprinkler Protection Criteria for Palletized, Solid-Piled, Bin Box, Shelf, or Back-to-Back Shelf Storage of Class I Through Class IV Commodities.
		A.21.2
		21.2.1
			A.21.2.1(3)
		21.2.2 Protection Criteria for Palletized, Solid-Piled, Bin Box, Shelf, or Back-to- Back Shelf Storage of Class I Through Class IV Commodities Stored Over 12 ft (3.7 m) in Height.
			21.2.2.1
			21.2.2.2
			21.2.2.3
			21.2.2.4
			21.2.2.5
			21.2.2.6
			21.2.2.7
		21.2.3 Encapsulated Storage Over 15 ft (4.6 m) in Height Up to and Including 20 ft (6.1 m) in Height.
			21.2.3.1
			21.2.3.2
			21.2.3.3
			21.2.3.4
			21.2.3.5
		21.2.4 Special Design for Palletized, Solid-Piled, Bin Box, or Shelf Storage of Class I Through Class IV Commodities. 21.2.4.1 Bin Box and Shelf Storage.
			21.2.4.1.1
			21.2.4.1.2
	21.3 Control Mode Density/Area Sprinkler Protection Criteria for Palletized, Solid-Piled, Bin Box, Shelf, or Back-to-Back Shelf Storage of Plastic and Rubber Commodities.
		21.3.1
		21.3.2*
			A.21.3.2
		21.3.3*
			A.21.3.3
			21.3.3.1*
				A.21.3.3.1
			21.3.3.2*
				A.21.3.3.2
				21.3.3.2.1
		21.3.4
		21.3.5
	21.4 Control Mode Density/Area Sprinkler Protection Criteria for Rack Storage of Class I Through Class IV Commodities.
		21.4.1 Protection Criteria for Rack Storage of Class I Through Class IV Commodities Stored Over 12 ft (3.7 m) Up to and Including 25 ft (7.6 m) in Height.
			21.4.1.1*
				A.21.4.1.1
				C.14 [21.4.1.1 and 25.2.3.2.3.1]
			21.4.1.2*
				A.21.4.1.2
				21.4.1.2.1*
					A.21.4.1.2.1
					C.15 [21.4.1.2.1]
			21.4.1.3 Multiple-Row Racks — Storage Height Over 12 ft (3.7 m) Up to and Including 25 ft (7.6 m).Multiple-Row Racks — Storage Height Over 12 ft (3.7 m) Up to and Including 25 ft (7.6 m).
				21.4.1.3.1 Multiple-Row Racks — Rack Depth Up to and Including 16 ft (4.9 m) with Aisles 8 ft (2.4 m) or Wider.
				21.4.1.3.2 Multiple-Row Racks — Rack Depth Over 16 ft (4.9 m) or Aisles More Narrow Than 8 ft (2.4 m).
				21.4.1.3.3
				21.4.1.3.4
			21.4.1.4 Ceiling Sprinkler Density Adjustments.
				21.4.1.4.1
				21.4.1.4.2
		21.4.2 Control Mode Density/Area Sprinkler Protection Criteria for Rack Storage of Class I Through Class IV Commodities Stored Over 25 ft (7.6 m) in Height.
			21.4.2.1*
				A.21.4.2.1
				21.4.2.1.1
			21.4.2.2
	21.5 Control Mode Density/Area Sprinkler Protection Criteria for Single-, Double-, and Multiple-Row Racks for Group A Plastic Commodities Stored Up to and Including 25 ft (7.6 m) in Height.
		C.22 [21.5]
		21.5.1
			C.21 [21.5.1]
				21.5.1.1
				21.5.1.2
				21.5.1.3
				21.5.1.4
		21.5.2
		21.5.3
		21.5.4 Control Mode Density/Area Sprinkler Protection Criteria for Rack Storage of Group A Plastic Commodities Stored Over 25 ft (7.6 m) in Height for Single-, Double-, and Multiple-Row Racks.
			21.5.4.1
	21.6*  Control Mode Density/Area Sprinkler Protection Criteria for Rack Storage Rubber Tires.
		A.21.6
		21.6.1 Ceiling Systems.
	21.7 Control Mode Density/Area Sprinkler Protection Criteria for Roll Paper Storage.
		21.7.1
		21.7.2
		21.7.3
		21.7.4*
			A.21.7.4
		21.7.5
		21.7.6
		21.7.7
	21.8 Special Design for Rack Storage of Class I Through Class IV Commodities and Group A Plastics Stored Up to and Including 25 ft (7.6 m) in Height.
		21.8.1 Slatted Shelves.
			21.8.1.1*
				A.21.8.1.1
				C.20 [21.8.1.1 and 23.13.1]
			21.8.1.2
	21.9 Sprinkler Design Criteria for Storage and Display of Class I Through Class IV Commodities, Cartoned Nonexpanded Group A Plastics and Nonexpanded Exposed Group A Plastics in Retail Stores.
		21.9.1
		21.9.2
		21.9.3
		21.9.4
		21.9.5
		21.9.6
	21.10* Control Mode Density/Area Sprinkler Protection Criteria for Baled Cotton Storage.
		A.21.10
		21.10.1
		21.10.2
	21.11 Control Mode Density/Area Sprinkler Protection Criteria for Carton Records Storage with Catwalk Access.
		21.11.1
		21.11.2
			21.11.2.1
			21.11.2.2
			21.11.2.3
		21.11.3
			21.11.3.1
			21.11.3.2
		21.11.4
			21.11.4.1
		21.11.5
		21.11.6 Sprinkler Criteria.
			C.25 [21.11.6]
			21.11.6.1
			21.11.6.2
				21.11.6.2.1
			21.11.6.3
				21.11.6.3.1
				21.11.6.3.2
				21.11.6.3.3
				21.11.6.3.4
				21.11.6.3.5*
					A.21.11.6.3.5
			21.11.6.4
				21.11.6.4.1
				21.11.6.4.2
				21.11.6.4.3
					21.11.6.4.3.1
				21.11.6.4.4
				21.11.6.4.5
			21.11.6.5
				21.11.6.5.1
				21.11.6.5.2
	21.12 Control Mode Density/Area Sprinkler Protection Criteria for Compact Storage of Commodities Consisting of Paper Files, Magazines, Books, and Similar Documents in Folders and Miscellaneous Supplies with No More Than 5 Percent Plastics Up to 8 ft (2.4 m) High.
		C.24 [21.12]
		21.12.1*
			A.21.12.1
		21.12.2
		21.12.3
		21.12.4
		21.12.5*
			A.21.12.5
		21.12.6
			21.12.6.1
			21.12.6.2
CHAPTER 22: CMSA Requirements for Storage Applications
	22.1 General
		22.1.1
		22.1.2
		22.1.3
		22.1.4
		22.1.5 Open Wood Joist Construction.
			22.1.5.1
			22.1.5.2 Preaction Systems.
				22.1.5.2.1
			22.1.5.3
			22.1.5.4* Storage Conditions.
				A.22.1.5.4
		22.1.6*
			A.22.1.6
		22.1.7
		22.1.8
	22.2 Palletized and Solid-Piled Storage of Class I Through Class IV Commodities.
	22.3 Palletized and Solid-Piled Storage of Nonexpanded and Expanded Group A Plastic Commodities.
	22.4 Single-, Double-, and Multiple-Row Rack Storage for Class I Through Class IV Commodities.
	22.5 Single-, Double-, and Multiple-Row Racks of Group A Plastic Commodities.
	22.6 Rubber Tires
	22.7 Roll Paper Storage
CHAPTER 23: ESFR Requirements for Storage Applications
	23.1 General.
		23.1.1
		23.1.2 Draft Curtains.
			23.1.2.1
			23.1.2.2
		23.1.3
		23.1.4
			23.1.4.1
			23.1.4.2
			23.1.4.3
	23.2 ESFR Design Criteria.
	23.3 Early Suppression Fast-Response (ESFR) Sprinklers for Palletized or Solid-Piled Storage of Class I Through Class IV Commodities.
		23.3.1
	23.4 Early Suppression Fast-Response (ESFR) Sprinklers for Palletized or Solid-Piled Storage of Group A Plastic Commodities.
		23.4.1* Storage Conditions.
			A.23.4.1
		23.4.2
	23.5 Early Suppression Fast-Response (ESFR) Sprinklers for Rack Storage of Class I Through Class IV Commodities.
		23.5.1
	23.6 Early Suppression Fast-Response (ESFR) Sprinklers for Rack Storage of Group A Plastic Commodities.
		23.6.1
			23.6.1.1
			23.6.1.2
		23.6.2
		23.6.3
	23.7* Protection of Exposed Expanded Group A Plastics.
		A.23.7
		23.7.1
		23.7.2
		23.7.3
		23.7.4
			23.7.4.1
		23.7.5
		23.7.6
		23.7.7
		23.7.8
			23.7.8.1
			23.7.8.2
			23.7.8.3
			23.7.8.4
	23.8 ESFR Protection of Rack Storage of Rubber Tires
	23.9 Early Suppression Fast-Response (ESFR) Sprinklers for Protection of Roll Paper Storage.
	23.10 Plastic Motor Vehicle Components.
	23.11 Sprinkler Design Criteria for Storage and Display of Class I Through Class IV Commodities , Cartoned Nonexpanded Group A Plastics and Nonexpanded Exposed Group A Plastics in Retail Stores.
		23.11.1
	23.12 Protection of High Bay Records Storage.
		23.12.1* Mobile High Bay Records Storage
			A.23.12.1
		23.12.2 Fixed High Bay Records Storage
		23.12.3
	23.13 Slatted Shelves.
		23.13.1*
			A.23.13.1
			C.20 [21.8.1.1 and 23.13.1]
		23.13.2
CHAPTER 24: Alternative Sprinkler System Designs for Chapters 20 Through 25
	24.1*  General.
		A.24.1
		24.1.1
		24.1.2
			24.1.2.1
				24.1.2.1.1
			24.1.2.2
				24.1.2.2.1
		24.1.3
		24.1.4
		24.1.5
		24.1.6
		24.1.7
		24.1.8
			24.1.8.1
			24.1.8.2
			24.1.8.3
		24.1.9
	24.2*  Sprinkler Design Criteria for Palletized and Solid-Piled, Storage of Class I Through Class IV and Plastic Commodities.
		A.24.2
		24.2.1
	24.3*  Sprinkler Protection Criteria for Open-Frame Rack Storage of Class I Through Class IV and Plastic Commodities.
		A.24.3
		24.3.3
			24.3.3.1
			24.3.3.2
	24.4 Hose Stream Allowance and Water Supply Duration.
		24.4.1
			24.4.1.1
	24.5 Minimum Obstruction Criteria.
		24.5.1 General.
		24.5.2 Standard Coverage Spacing Sprinklers.
			24.5.2.1
			24.5.2.2
				24.5.2.2.1
				24.5.2.2.2
		24.5.3 Extended Coverage Spacing Sprinklers.
			24.5.3.1
			24.5.3.2
				24.5.3.2.1
				24.5.3.2.2
				24.5.3.2.3
CHAPTER 25: Protection of Rack Storage Using In-Rack Sprinklers
	25.1 General Requirements of In-Rack Sprinklers
		25.1.1 Scope.
		25.1.2 Open Rack Storage.
			25.1.2.1
		25.1.3 In-Rack Sprinkler System.
			25.1.3.1 In-Rack Sprinkler System Size.
			25.1.3.2* In-Rack Sprinkler System Control Valves.
				A.25.1.3.2
				25.1.3.2.1
				25.1.3.2.2
				25.1.3.2.3
			25.1.3.3* Sprinkler Waterflow Alarm for In-Rack Sprinklers.
				C.4 [25.1.3.3]
				A.25.1.3.3
		25.1.4 Building Steel Protection.
	25.2 Ceiling-Level Sprinkler Design Criteria in Combination with In-Rack Sprinklers.
		25.2.1 General.
			25.2.1.1
				C.9 [25.2.1.1]
			25.2.1.2*
				A.25.2.1.2
			25.2.1.3*
				A.25.2.1.3
			25.2.1.4
			25.2.1.5
			25.2.1.6
		25.2.2 Miscellaneous and Low-Piled Storage.
			25.2.2.1 Miscellaneous Storage.
				25.2.2.1.1
				25.2.2.1.2
				25.2.2.1.3
				25.2.2.1.4 Hose Connections.
			25.2.2.2 Low-Piled Rack Storage.
				25.2.2.2.1
					A.25.2.2.2.1(2)
				25.2.2.2.2
				25.2.2.2.3
				25.2.2.2.4
		25.2.3 CMDA Ceiling-Level Sprinkler Design Criteria in Combination with In-Rack Sprinklers.
			25.2.3.1 General.
				25.2.3.1.1
				25.2.3.1.2
				25.2.3.1.3
				25.2.3.1.4
				25.2.3.1.5
				25.2.3.1.6
				25.2.3.1.7
				25.2.3.1.8
					25.2.3.1.8.1
					25.2.3.1.8.2
				25.2.3.1.9
				25.2.3.1.10 Discharge Considerations.
					25.2.3.1.10.1
					25.2.3.1.10.2
					25.2.3.1.10.3
					25.2.3.1.10.4
			25.2.3.2 Rack Storage of Class I Through Class IV Commodities Stored Over 12 ft (3.7 m) and Up to and Including 25 ft (7.6 m) in Height.
				25.2.3.2.1* Single- and Double-Row Racks.
					A.25.2.3.2.1
					25.2.3.2.1.1*
						A.25.2.3.2.1.1
				25.2.3.2.2 Multiple-Row Racks.
					25.2.3.2.2.1
					25.2.3.2.2.2
				25.2.3.2.3 Rack Storage of Class I Through Class IV Commodities Over 25 ft (7.6 m) in Height.
					25.2.3.2.3.1*
						C.14 [21.4.1.1 and 25.2.3.2.3.1]
						A.25.2.3.2.3.1
				25.2.3.2.4* Ceiling Sprinkler Density Adjustments.
					A.25.2.3.2.4
					25.2.3.2.4.1
					25.2.3.2.4.2
					25.2.3.2.4.3*
						A.25.2.3.2.4.3
					25.2.3.2.4.4
					25.2.3.2.4.5
					25.2.3.2.4.6
			25.2.3.3 Rack Storage of Class I Through Class IV Commodities Over 25 ft (7.6 m) in Height.
				25.2.3.3.1* Single- and Double-Row Racks.
					A.25.2.3.3.1
				25.2.3.3.2 Multiple-Row Racks.
			25.2.3.4 Rack Storage of Group A Plastic Commodities Stored Over 5 ft (1.5 m) and Up to and Including 25 ft (7.6 m) in Height.
				25.2.3.4.1 Cartoned Group A Plastic Commodities.
					25.2.3.4.1.1
					25.2.3.4.1.2
					25.2.3.4.1.3
				25.2.3.4.2 Exposed Nonexpanded Group A Plastic Commodities.
			25.2.3.5* Rack Storage of Group A Plastic Commodities Stored Over 25 ft (7.6 m) in Height.
				A.25.2.3.5
			25.2.3.6 Rack Storage of Rubber Tires Stored Over 12 ft (3.7 m) in Height.
				25.2.3.6.1 General.
				25.2.3.6.2 Ceiling Systems.
				25.2.3.6.3 Reduced-Discharge Density.
				25.2.3.6.4 Water Supplies.
		25.2.4 CMSA Ceiling-Level Sprinkler Design Criteria in Combination with In-Rack Sprinklers.
			25.2.4.1 General.
				25.2.4.1.1 Open Wood Joist Construction with CMSA Sprinklers at Ceiling Level.
					25.2.4.1.1.1
					25.2.4.1.1.2
				25.2.4.1.2 Preaction Systems for CMSA Sprinklers.
			25.2.4.2 Rack Storage of Class I Through Class IV Commodities.
				25.2.4.2.1
				25.2.4.2.2
			25.2.4.3 Rack Storage of Group A Plastic Commodities.
				25.2.4.3.1
				25.2.4.3.2
		25.2.5 ESFR Ceiling-Level Sprinkler Design Criteria in Combination with In-Rack Sprinklers.
			25.2.5.1 Rack Storage of Class I Through Class IV and Group A Plastic Commodities.
				25.2.5.1.1
				25.2.5.1.2
				25.2.5.1.3
	25.3 In-Rack Sprinkler Characteristics
		25.3.1
		25.3.2
		25.3.3
		25.3.4
		25.3.5 In-Rack Sprinkler Water Shields.
			25.3.5.1 In-Rack Sprinkler Water Shields for Storage of Class I Through Class IV Commodities.
				C.3 [25.3.5.1]
			25.3.5.2 In-Rack Sprinkler Water Shields for Group A Plastic Storage
	25.4 Vertical Spacing and Location of In-Rack Sprinklers
		25.4.1
		25.4.2
			25.4.2.1*
				A.25.4.2.1
				C.16 [25.4.2.1]
		25.4.3
		25.4.4*
			A.25.4.4
		25.4.5
		25.4.6 Maximum Storage Height Above Top In-Rack Sprinkler Level.
			25.4.6.1
			25.4.6.2
			25.4.6.3
		25.4.7 Maximum Storage Height Above Top In-Rack Sprinkler Level.
			25.4.7.1
	25.5 Horizontal Location and Spacing of In-Rack Sprinklers.
		25.5.1 Horizontal Location of In-Rack Sprinklers.
			25.5.1.1
			25.5.1.2*
				A.25.5.1.2
			25.5.1.3
			25.5.1.4
			25.5.1.5
			25.5.1.6*
				A.25.5.1.6
				25.5.1.6.1
					C.17 [25.5.1.6.1]
			25.5.1.7
			25.5.1.8
			25.5.1.9
			25.5.1.10
		25.5.2 Horizontal Spacing of In-Rack Sprinklers.
			25.5.2.1 General.
				25.5.2.1.1
				25.5.2.1.2
				25.5.2.1.3
				25.5.2.1.4
			25.5.2.2 CMDA Sprinklers Installed at Ceiling Level.
				25.5.2.2.1*
					A.25.5.2.2.1
				25.5.2.2.2
				25.5.2.2.3*
					A.25.5.2.2.3
			25.5.2.3 CMSA Sprinklers Installed at Ceiling Level.
				25.5.2.3.1
				25.5.2.3.2
				25.5.2.3.3
			25.5.2.4 ESFR Sprinklers Installed at Ceiling Level.
	25.6 Protection of Racks with Solid Shelves
		25.6.1 General.
		25.6.2
		25.6.3 Vertical Spacing and Location of In-Rack Sprinklers in Racks with Solid Shelves.
			25.6.3.1
				C.11 [25.6.3.1]
			25.6.3.2
			25.6.3.3
			25.6.3.4
			25.6.3.5
		25.6.4 Horizontal Location and Spacing of In-Rack Sprinklers in Racks with Solid Shelves.
			25.6.4.1
			25.6.4.2
			25.6.4.3
	25.7 Horizontal Barriers in Combination with In-Rack Sprinklers
		25.7.1*
			A.25.7.1
		25.7.2
	25.8 Alternative In-Rack Sprinkler Protection Options That Are Independent of the Ceiling Sprinkler Design.
		25.8.1 In-Rack Sprinkler Protection for Class I Through Class IV and Group A Plastic Commodities That Are Independent of the Ceiling Sprinkler Design, Option 1.
			25.8.1.1
			25.8.1.2
			25.8.1.3
			25.8.1.4 Horizontal Barriers for Alternative In-Rack Sprinkler Protection Option 1.
				25.8.1.4.1
				25.8.1.4.2
				25.8.1.4.3
				25.8.1.4.4
				25.8.1.4.5
			25.8.1.5
			25.8.1.6 Alternative In-Rack Sprinkler Protection Option 1 for Single-Row Racks.
				25.8.1.6.1
				25.8.1.6.2
			25.8.1.7 Alternative In-Rack Sprinkler Protection Option 1 for Double-Row Racks.
				25.8.1.7.1
				25.8.1.7.2
			25.8.1.8 Alternative In-Rack Sprinkler Protection Option 1 for Multiple-Row Racks.
				25.8.1.8.1
				25.8.1.8.2
			25.8.1.9 In-Rack Sprinkler System Design.
			25.8.1.10 Ceiling-Level Sprinkler System Design.
		25.8.2 In-Rack Sprinkler Protection for Class I Through Class IV and Group A Plastic Commodities That Are Independent of the Ceiling Sprinkler Design, Option 2.
			25.8.2.1
			25.8.2.2
			25.8.2.3
				25.8.2.3.1
				25.8.2.3.2
			25.8.2.4
			25.8.2.5
				25.8.2.5.1
				25.8.2.5.2
			25.8.2.6
				C.18 [25.8.2.6]
			25.8.2.7
			25.8.2.8
			25.8.2.9
			25.8.2.10
			25.8.2.11
				25.8.2.11.1*
					A.25.8.2.11.1
			25.8.2.12
		25.8.3 In-Rack Sprinkler Protection for Class I Through Class IV and Group A Plastic Commodities That Are Independent of the Ceiling Sprinkler Design, Option 3.
			25.8.3.1
				25.8.3.1.1
				25.8.3.1.2
			25.8.3.2 Horizontal Barriers.
				25.8.3.2.1
				25.8.3.2.2
				25.8.3.2.3
				25.8.3.2.4
				25.8.3.2.5
			25.8.3.3 In-Rack Sprinklers.
				25.8.3.3.1 Single-Row Racks.
				25.8.3.3.2 Double-Row Racks.
				25.8.3.3.3 Multiple-Row Racks.
			25.8.3.4
			25.8.3.5
			25.8.3.6 Ceiling Sprinkler System.
	25.9 In-Rack Sprinkler Arrangements in Combination with CMDA Sprinklers at Ceiling Level.
		25.9.1 Rack Storage of Class I Through Class IV Commodities Up to and Including 25 ft (7.6 m) in Height.
		25.9.2 Rack Storage of Class I Through Class IV Commodities Over 25 ft (7.6 m) in Height.
			25.9.2.1 Single-Row Racks.
				C.23 [25.9.2.1, 25.9.2.2, 25.9.2.3]
				25.9.2.1.1*
					A.25.9.2.1.1
				25.9.2.1.2
				25.9.2.1.3
			25.9.2.2 Double-Row Racks.
				C.23 [25.9.2.1, 25.9.2.2, 25.9.2.3]
				25.9.2.2.1*
					A.25.9.2.2.1
			25.9.2.3 Multiple-Row Racks.
				C.23 [25.9.2.1, 25.9.2.2, 25.9.2.3]
				25.9.2.3.1*
					A.25.9.2.3.1
		25.9.3 Rack Storage of Group A Plastic Commodities Up to and Including 25 ft (7.6 m) in Height.
			25.9.3.1
			25.9.3.2*
				A.25.9.3.2
			25.9.3.3*
				A.25.9.3.3
		25.9.4 Rack Storage of Group A Plastic Commodities Over 25 ft (7.6 m) in Height.
			25.9.4.1 Single-Row Racks.
				25.9.4.1.1
				25.9.4.1.2
				25.9.4.1.3
					25.9.4.1.3.1
					25.9.4.1.3.2
				25.9.4.1.4
			25.9.4.2 Double-Row Racks.
				25.9.4.2.1
				25.9.4.2.2*
					A.25.9.4.2.2
				25.9.4.2.3
			25.9.4.3 Multiple-Row Racks.
				25.9.4.3.1*
					A.25.9.4.3.1
		25.9.5 In-Rack Sprinkler Arrangements Due to Excessive Clearance.
			25.9.5.1
			25.9.5.2
			25.9.5.3
			25.9.5.4
			25.9.5.5
		25.9.6 Rack Storage of Rubber Tires Up to and Including 20 ft (6.1 m) in Height.
	25.10 In-Rack Sprinkler Arrangements in Combination with CMSA Sprinklers at Ceiling Level.
		25.10.1*Rack Storage of Class I Through Class IV and Group A Plastic Commodities.
			A.25.10.1
	25.11 In-Rack Sprinkler Arrangements in Combination with ESFR Sprinklers at Ceiling Level.
		25.11.1 Rack Storage of Class I Through Class IV and Group A Plastic Commodities.
	25.12 Design Criteria for In-Rack Sprinklers in Combination with Ceiling-Level Sprinklers.
		25.12.1 General.
			25.12.1.1
			25.12.1.2
			25.12.1.3
			25.12.1.4
			25.12.1.5
		25.12.2 Number of Operating In-Rack Sprinklers.
			25.12.2.1
		25.12.3 In-Rack Sprinkler Flow/Pressure.
			C.19 [25.12.3]
			25.12.3.1
CHAPTER 26: Special Occupancy Requirements
	26.1 General.
		26.1.1 Application.
			26.1.1.1
				26.1.1.1.1
			26.1.1.2
		26.1.2 Definitions.
	26.2 Flammable and Combustible Liquids
		26.2.1 Design Requirements.
		26.2.2 Installation Requirements. (Reserved)
	26.3 Aerosol Products
		26.3.1 Design Requirements.
		26.3.2 Installation Requirements. (Reserved)
	26.4 Spray Application Using Flammable or Combustible Materials
		26.4.1 Design Requirements.
			26.4.1.1*
				A.26.4.1.1
			26.4.1.2
			26.4.1.3
			26.4.1.4
			26.4.1.5
			26.4.1.6
			26.4.1.7
		26.4.2 Installation Requirements.
			26.4.2.1*
				A.26.4.2.1
				A.26.4.2.1(6)
				A.26.4.2.1(7)
				26.4.2.1.1
				26.4.2.1.2
			26.4.2.2
				26.4.2.2.1
				26.4.2.2.2
	26.5 Solvent Extraction Plants . [NFPA 36]
		26.5.1* Design Requirements.
			A.26.5.1
		26.5.2 Installation Requirements. (Reserved)
	26.6 Installation and Use of Stationary Combustion Engines and Gas Turbines.
		26.6.1* Design Requirements.
			A.26.6.1
		26.6.2 Installation Requirements.
			26.6.2.1
			26.6.2.2
			26.6.2.3
	26.7 Nitrate Film
		26.7.1 Design Requirements.
			26.7.1.1
			26.7.1.2
			26.7.1.3* Vaults Other Than Extended Term Storage Vaults.
				A.26.7.1.3
			26.7.1.4
				26.7.1.4.1
				26.7.1.4.2
				26.7.1.4.3
				26.7.1.4.4*
					A.26.7.1.4.4
				26.7.1.4.5
				26.7.1.4.6*
					A.26.7.1.4.6
				26.7.1.4.7
				26.7.1.4.8
				26.7.1.4.9
		26.7.2 Installation Requirements.
			26.7.2.1
			26.7.2.2 Cabinet Protection.
				26.7.2.2.1
				26.7.2.2.2
			26.7.2.3 Motion Picture Film Laboratories.
	26.8 Laboratories Using Chemicals
		26.8.1 Design Requirements.
		26.8.2 Installation Requirements.
	26.9 Oxygen-Fuel Gas Systems for Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes.
		26.9.1 Design Requirements.
			26.9.1.1
				26.9.1.1.1
			26.9.1.2
			26.9.1.3
			26.9.1.4
			26.9.1.5
		26.9.2 Installation Requirements.
			26.9.2.1
			26.9.2.2
	26.10 Acetylene Cylinder Charging Plants.
		26.10.1 Design Requirements.
			26.10.1.1
			26.10.1.2
			26.10.1.3
		26.10.2 Installation Requirements. (Reserved)
	26.11 Compressed Gases and Cryogenic Fluids Code.
		26.11.1 Design Criteria.
			26.11.1.1
			26.11.1.2
		26.11.2 Installation Requirements. (Reserved)
	26.12 Utility LP-Gas Plants.
		26.12.1 Design Requirements.
			26.12.1.1
			26.12.1.2
			26.12.1.3
		26.12.2 Installation Requirements. (Reserved)
	26.13 Production, Storage, and Handling of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG).
		26.13.1 Design Requirements.
		26.13.2 Installation Requirements. (Reserved)
	26.14 Protection of Information Technology Equipment
		26.14.1 Design Requirements. (Reserved)
		26.14.2 Installation Requirements.
			26.14.2.1
				26.14.2.1.1
			26.14.2.2
			26.14.2.3
			26.14.2.4*
				A.26.14.2.4
			26.14.2.5
	26.15 Standard on Incinerators, and Waste and Linen Handling Systems and Equipment.
		26.15.1 Design Requirements. (Reserved)
		26.15.2 Installation Requirements.
			26.15.2.1
			26.15.2.2* Waste and Linen Chutes and Transport Systems.
				A.26.15.2.2
				26.15.2.2.1 Gravity Waste or Linen Chutes.
					26.15.2.2.1.1
					26.15.2.2.1.2
					26.15.2.2.1.3 Chute Sprinkler Protection.
					26.15.2.2.1.4
					26.15.2.2.1.5
					26.15.2.2.1.6 Chute Room Automatic Sprinklers.
				26.15.2.2.2 Full Pneumatic Waste and Linen Conveying Systems.
					26.15.2.2.2.1
					26.15.2.2.2.2
					26.15.2.2.2.3
				26.15.2.2.3 Gravity Pneumatic Trash or Linen Conveying Systems.
					26.15.2.2.3.1 Chute Automatic Sprinklers.
					26.15.2.2.3.2
			26.15.2.3 Automatic Sprinklers.
				26.15.2.3.1
				26.15.2.3.2
			26.15.2.4 Waste Compactors.
				26.15.2.4.1
				26.15.2.4.2
				26.15.2.4.3
				26.15.2.4.4
				26.15.2.4.5
			26.15.2.5
			26.15.2.6
	26.16 Standard for Ovens and Furnaces.
		26.16.1 Design Requirements. (Reserved)
		26.16.2 Installation Requirements.
			26.16.2.1*
				A.26.16.2.1
			26.16.2.2
			26.16.2.3
			26.16.2.4
			26.16.2.5
			26.16.2.6*
				A.26.16.2.6
	26.17 Health Care Facilities Code, Class A Hyperbaric Chambers
		26.17.1 Design Requirements.
			26.17.1.1
			26.17.1.2
			26.17.1.3
			26.17.1.4
			26.17.1.5*
				A.26.17.1.5
			26.17.1.6
			26.17.1.7
			26.17.1.8*
				A.26.17.1.8
			26.17.1.9
			26.17.1.10
			26.17.1.11
		26.17.2 Installation Requirements. (Reserved)
	26.18 Fixed Guideway Transit and Passenger Rail Systems.
		26.18.1 Design Requirements.
			26.18.1.1
		26.18.2 Installation Requirements.
			26.18.2.1
			26.18.2.2
			26.18.2.3
			26.18.2.4
	26.19 Motion Picture and Television Production Studio Soundstages , Approved Production Facilities, and Production Locations.
		26.19.1 Design Requirements. (Reserved)
		26.19.2 Installation Requirements.
			26.19.2.1
			26.19.2.2
			26.19.2.3
			26.19.2.4*
				A.26.19.2.4
			26.19.2.5*
				A.26.19.2.5
	26.20 Animal Housing Facilities.
		26.20.1 Design Requirements. (Reserved)
			26.20.1.1 (Reserved)
		26.20.2 Installation Requirements. (Reserved)
			26.20.2.1
	26.21 Water Cooling Towers
		26.21.1 Design Requirements.
			26.21.1.1 Types of Systems.
				26.21.1.1.1*
					A.26.21.1.1.1
				26.21.1.1.2*
					A.26.21.1.1.2
			26.21.1.2 Minimum Rate of Application.
				26.21.1.2.1
				26.21.1.2.2
				26.21.1.2.3
			26.21.1.3 Extended Fan Decks
				26.21.1.3.1
				26.21.1.3.2
			26.21.1.4 Combustible Fan Decks.
			26.21.1.5* Water Basin Covers.
				A.26.21.1.5
				26.21.1.5.1
			26.21.1.6 Exposure Protection.
				26.21.1.6.1
				26.21.1.6.2
					26.21.1.6.2.1
					26.21.1.6.2.2
			26.21.1.7 Sprinkler System Water Supply.
				26.21.1.7.1 Deluge Systems.
					26.21.1.7.1.1*
						A.26.21.1.7.1.1
					26.21.1.7.1.2
					26.21.1.7.1.3*
						A.26.21.1.7.1.3
				26.21.1.7.2 Wet, Dry, and Preaction Systems.
					26.21.1.7.2.1*
						A.26.21.1.7.2.1
					26.21.1.7.2.2*
						A.26.21.1.7.2.2
				26.21.1.7.3 Hose Streams.
				26.21.1.7.4 Duration.
		26.21.2 Installation Requirements.
			26.21.2.1* Counterflow Towers.
				A.26.21.2.1
				26.21.2.1.1
				26.21.2.1.2
				26.21.2.1.3
			26.21.2.2* Crossflow Towers.
				A.26.21.2.2
				26.21.2.2.1
				26.21.2.2.2
				26.21.2.2.3
				26.21.2.2.4
				26.21.2.2.5
				26.21.2.2.6
			26.21.2.3* Extended Fan Decks.
				A.26.21.2.3
				26.21.2.4* Water Basin Covers
					A.26.21.2.4
				26.21.2.5 Valves.
					26.21.2.5.1
					26.21.2.5.2 Manual Release Valve.
						26.21.2.5.2.1
						26.21.2.5.2.2
				26.21.2.6 Strainers.
				26.21.2.7 Heat Detectors.
					26.21.2.7.1
						26.21.2.7.1.1
					26.21.2.7.2
						26.21.2.7.2.1
						26.21.2.7.2.2
					26.21.2.7.3
					26.21.2.7.4
				26.21.2.8 Protection for Fan Drive Motor
					26.21.2.8.1
					26.21.2.8.2
					26.21.2.8.3
					26.21.2.8.4
				26.21.2.9 Corrosion Protection
					26.21.2.9.1
						26.21.2.9.1.1
						26.21.2.9.1.2
					26.21.2.9.2*
						A.26.21.2.9.2
					26.21.2.9.3*
						A.26.21.2.9.3
						26.21.2.9.3.1
						26.21.2.9.3.2
	26.22 Standard for the Construction and Fire Protection of Marine Terminals , Piers, and Wharves.
		26.22.1 Design Requirements.
			26.22.1.1*
				A.26.22.1.1
			26.22.1.2
			26.22.1.3
			26.22.1.4
		26.22.2 Installation Requirements.
			26.22.2.1 Piers and Wharves with Combustible Substructure.
				26.22.2.1.1
				26.22.2.1.2* Upward Projecting Sprinklers.
					A.26.22.2.1.2
					A.26.22.2.1.2(B)(3)
					A.26.22.2.1.2(B)(5)
	26.23 Semiconductor Fabrication Facilities
		26.23.1 Design Requirements.
			26.23.1.1*
				A.26.23.1.1
			26.23.1.2
			26.23.1.3
				26.23.1.3.1*
					A.26.23.1.3.1
		26.23.2 Installation Requirements.
			26.23.2.1*
				A.26.23.2.1
			26.23.2.2*
				A.26.23.2.2
			26.23.2.3*
				A.26.23.2.3
			26.23.2.4
			26.23.2.5
	26.24 Aircraft Hangars.
		26.24.1 Design Requirements.
		26.24.2 Installation Requirements.
	26.25 Airport Terminal Buildings, Fueling Ramp Drainage, and Loading Walkways.
		26.25.1 Design Requirements.
			26.25.1.1
			26.25.1.2*
				A.26.25.1.2
			26.25.1.3
			26.25.1.4 Water Supply.
				26.25.1.4.1
		26.25.2 Installation Requirements.
	26.26 Aircraft Engine Test Facilities
		26.26.1 Design Requirements.
			26.26.1.1*
				A.26.26.1.1
			26.26.1.2
				26.26.1.2.1
				26.26.1.2.2
		26.26.2 Installation Requirements. (Reserved)
	26.27 Advanced Light Water Reactor Electric Generating Plants.
		26.27.1 Design Requirements.
			26.27.1.1* Sprinkler System Water Supply.
				A.26.27.1.1
			26.27.1.2 Yard Mains.
			26.27.1.3 Cable Spreading Room.
			26.27.1.4 Cable Tunnels.
				26.27.1.4.1
				26.27.1.4.2
			26.27.1.5* Beneath Turbine Generator Operating Floor
				A.26.27.1.5
			26.27.1.6* Turbine Generator Bearings.
				A.26.27.1.6
				26.27.1.6.1
				26.27.1.6.2
			26.27.1.7 Standby Emergency Diesel Generators and Combustion Turbines.
			26.27.1.8 Fire Pump Room/House.
			26.27.1.9 Auxiliary Boilers.
		26.27.2 Installation Requirements.
			26.27.2.1 Yard Mains, Hydrants, and Building Standpipes. [804:9.4]
				26.27.2.1.1
				26.27.2.1.2*
					A.26.27.2.1.2
				26.27.2.1.3
			26.27.2.2 Cable Tunnels.
			26.27.2.3 Deluge.
			26.27.2.4
	26.28 Light Water Nuclear Power Plants.
		26.28.1 Design Requirements.
		26.28.2 Installation Requirements.
			26.28.2.1
			26.28.2.2
	26.29 Code for the Protection of Cultural Resource Properties — Museums, Libraries, and Places of Worship. [NFPA 909]
		26.29.1 Design Requirements.
			26.29.1.1*
				A.26.29.1.1
			26.29.1.2*
				A.26.29.1.2
			26.29.1.3 System Design for Museums, Libraries, and Their Collections in Compact Storage.
				26.29.1.3.1*
					A.26.29.1.3.1
				26.29.1.3.2*
					A.26.29.1.3.2
				26.29.1.3.3
				26.29.1.3.4
				26.29.1.3.5
				26.29.1.3.6
		26.29.2 Installation Requirements.
			26.29.2.1*
				A.26.29.2.1
			26.29.2.2*
				A.26.29.2.2
			26.29.2.3*
				A.26.29.2.3
	26.30 National Electrical Code.
		26.30.1 Design Requirements. (Reserved)
		26.30.2 Installation Requirements.
			26.30.2.1 Dedicated Electrical Space.
			26.30.2.2
			26.30.2.3
	26.31 Fire Protection of Telecommunication Facilities.
		26.31.1 Design Requirements. (Reserved)
		26.31.2 Installation Requirements.
			26.31.2.1
	26.32 Exhaust Systems for Air Conveying of Vapors , Gases, Mists, and Noncombustible Particulate Solids.
		26.32.1 Design Requirements.
			26.32.1.1
			26.32.1.2
		26.32.2 Installation Requirements. (Reserved)
	26.33 Hypobaric Facilities.
		26.33.1 Design Requirements.
			26.33.1.1
			26.33.1.2
			26.33.1.3
			26.33.1.4
			26.33.1.5
			26.33.1.6
			26.33.1.7
			26.33.1.8
			26.33.1.9
			26.33.1.10
			26.33.1.11*
				A.26.33.1.11
			26.33.1.12
			26.33.1.13
			26.33.1.14
			26.33.1.15
			26.33.1.16
			26.33.1.17
		26.33.2 Installation Requirements. (Reserved)
	26.34 Coal Mines
		26.34.1 Design Requirements.
			26.34.1.1 Underground Mining Operations.
				26.34.1.1.1*
					A.26.34.1.1.1
			26.34.1.2 Coal Preparation Plants and Crusher Buildings.
				26.34.1.2.1
			26.34.1.3 Underground Conveyors.
				26.34.1.3.1
				26.34.1.3.2
				26.34.1.3.3
					A.26.34.1.3.3(8)
		26.34.2 Installation Requirements.
			26.34.2.1 Underground Conveyors.
				26.34.2.1.1
				26.34.2.1.2
				26.34.2.1.3
					26.34.2.1.3.1
					26.34.2.1.3.2
					26.34.2.1.3.3
					26.34.2.1.3.4
					26.34.2.1.3.5
			26.34.2.2 Mine Surface Buildings.
				26.34.2.2.1
	26.35 Metal/Nonmetal Mining and Metal Mineral Processing Facilities.
		26.35.1 Design Requirements.
			26.35.1.1 Water Supplies.
				26.35.1.1.1
				26.35.1.1.2
			26.35.1.2*
				A.26.35.1.2
			26.35.1.3 New Solvent Extraction (SX) Facilities.
				26.35.1.3.1
				26.35.1.3.2*
					A.26.35.1.3.2
				26.35.1.3.3*
					A.26.35.1.3.3
				26.35.1.3.4*
					A.26.35.1.3.4
				26.35.1.3.5
				26.35.1.3.6
				26.35.1.3.7
				26.35.1.3.8
				26.35.1.3.9
		26.35.2 Installation Requirements. (Reserved)
	26.36 Hazardous Materials Code
		26.36.1 Design Requirements.
			26.36.1.1 Requirements for Occupancies Storing Quantities of Hazardous Materials Exceeding the Maximum Allowable Quantities per Control Area for High Hazard Contents.
			26.36.1.2 General Requirements for Storage of Organic Peroxide Formulations.
				26.36.1.2.1
				26.36.1.2.2
				26.36.1.2.3
			26.36.1.3 Indoor Storage of Oxidizer Solids and Liquids.
				26.36.1.3.1
				26.36.1.3.2
				26.36.1.3.3 Storage Protection for Class 2 Oxidizers with In-Rack Sprinklers.
				26.36.1.3.4 Sprinkler Criteria for Class 3 Oxidizers.
					26.36.1.3.4.1 Class 3 Oxidizers Less than 2700 lb (1225 kg).
					26.36.1.3.4.2 Storage Protection for Class 3 Oxidizers In-Rack Sprinkler Criteria.
					26.36.1.3.4.3 Class 3 Oxidizers Greater than or Equal to 2700 lb (1225 kg).
					26.36.1.3.4.4 Special In-Rack Sprinkler Protection for Class 3 Oxidizers.
					26.36.1.3.4.5 Sprinkler Criteria for Class 4 Oxidizers.
		26.36.2 Installation Requirements. (Reserved)
CHAPTER 27: Plans and Calculations
	27.1* Working Plans
		A.27.1
		27.1.1*
			A.27.1.1
			27.1.1.1
				A.27.1.1.1(4)
			27.1.1.2
			27.1.1.3
		27.1.2
		27.1.3
		27.1.4
		27.1.5* Working Plans for Automatic Sprinkler Systems with Non–Fire Protection Connections.
			A.27.1.5
			27.1.5.1
			27.1.5.2
	27.2 Hydraulic Calculation Procedures
		27.2.1* General.
			A.27.2.1
			27.2.1.1
			27.2.1.2
			27.2.1.3
			27.2.1.4*
				A.27.2.1.4
			27.2.1.5
			27.2.1.6
		27.2.2 Formulas.
			27.2.2.1 Friction Loss Formula.
				27.2.2.1.1
				27.2.2.1.2
				27.2.2.1.3
			27.2.2.2 Velocity Pressure Formula.
			27.2.2.3 Normal Pressure Formula.
			27.2.2.4 Hydraulic Junction Points.
				27.2.2.4.1
				27.2.2.4.2
				27.2.2.4.3
			27.2.2.5 K-Factor Formula.
		27.2.3 Equivalent Pipe Lengths of Valves and Fittings.
			27.2.3.1 Pipe and Fittings.
				27.2.3.1.1
				27.2.3.1.2
				27.2.3.1.3 Equivalent Length Modifier.
					27.2.3.1.3.1
					27.2.3.1.3.2
			27.2.3.2 C Factors.
				27.2.3.2.1
			27.2.3.3 Valves.
			27.2.3.4
			27.2.3.5 Differing Values.
		27.2.4* Calculation Procedure.
			A.27.2.4
			27.2.4.1*
				A.27.2.4.1
				27.2.4.1.1 Room Design Method.
			27.2.4.2 Density/Area Method.
				27.2.4.2.1*
					A.27.2.4.2.1
				27.2.4.2.2
				27.2.4.2.3
				27.2.4.2.4*
					A.27.2.4.2.4
				27.2.4.2.5
			27.2.4.3 CMSA Sprinkler Method.
				27.2.4.3.1
				27.2.4.3.2
				27.2.4.3.3
			27.2.4.4 ESFR Sprinkler Method.
			27.2.4.5* Gridded Systems.
				A.27.2.4.5
				27.2.4.5.1
				27.2.4.5.2
				27.2.4.5.3
			27.2.4.6 Design Densities.
				27.2.4.6.1*
					A.27.2.4.6.1
				27.2.4.6.2*
					A.27.2.4.6.2
				27.2.4.6.3
				27.2.4.6.4
				27.2.4.6.5*
					A.27.2.4.6.5
			27.2.4.7* Design Area Sprinklers.
				A.27.2.4.7
				27.2.4.7.1
					27.2.4.7.1.1
				27.2.4.7.2*
					A.27.2.4.7.2
					27.2.4.7.2.1
					27.2.4.7.2.2
				27.2.4.7.3
					27.2.4.7.3.1
					27.2.4.7.3.2
				27.2.4.7.4
				27.2.4.7.5
				27.2.4.7.6
				27.2.4.7.7
			27.2.4.8 Friction Loss.
				27.2.4.8.1
				27.2.4.8.2*
					A.27.2.4.8.2
			27.2.4.9* Orifice Plates.
				A.27.2.4.9
				27.2.4.9.1
				27.2.4.9.2
				27.2.4.9.3
				27.2.4.9.4
			27.2.4.10* Pressures.
				A.27.2.4.10
				27.2.4.10.1
				27.2.4.10.2
				27.2.4.10.3
			27.2.4.11 Minimum Operating Pressure.
				27.2.4.11.1
				27.2.4.11.2
			27.2.4.12 Maximum Operating Pressure.
		27.2.5 In-Rack Sprinklers.
			27.2.5.1
			27.2.5.2
	27.3 Hose Allowance
	27.4 Hydraulic Calculation Forms
		27.4.1
		27.4.2* Summary Sheet.
			A.27.4.2
		27.4.3* Detailed Worksheets.
			A.27.4.3(15)
			A.27.4.3
		27.4.4* Graph Sheet.
			A.27.4.4
		27.4.5 Hydraulic Reports.
			27.4.5.1* General.
				A.27.4.5.1
				27.4.5.1.1
				27.4.5.1.2
			27.4.5.2 Summary Sheet.
			27.4.5.3 Graph Sheet.
			27.4.5.4 Supply Analysis.
			27.4.5.5 Node Analysis.
			27.4.5.6 Detailed Worksheets.
	27.5 Pipe Schedules
		27.5.1* General.
			A.27.5.1
			27.5.1.1
			27.5.1.2
			27.5.1.3
			27.5.1.4* Size of Risers
				A.27.5.1.4
			27.5.1.5 Slatted Floors, Large Floor Openings, Mezzanines, and Large Platforms.
			27.5.1.6 Stair Towers.
		27.5.2 Schedule for Light Hazard Occupancies.
			27.5.2.1 Branch Lines.
				27.5.2.1.1
				27.5.2.1.2
				27.5.2.1.3
			27.5.2.2 Pipe Sizes.
				27.5.2.2.1
				27.5.2.2.2
			27.5.2.3
			27.5.2.4
			27.5.2.5
			27.5.2.6*
				A.27.5.2.6
		27.5.3 Schedule for Ordinary Hazard Occupancies.
			27.5.3.1
			27.5.3.2
			27.5.3.3
			27.5.3.4
			27.5.3.5
			27.5.3.6
			27.5.3.7
			27.5.3.8
			27.5.3.9*
				A.27.5.3.9
			27.5.3.10
		27.5.4* Extra Hazard Occupancies.
			A.27.5.4
CHAPTER 28: Systems Acceptance
	28.1 Approval of Sprinkler Systems and Private Fire Service Mains
	28.2 Acceptance Requirements
		28.2.1* Hydrostatic Tests.
			A.28.2.1
			28.2.1.1
			28.2.1.2
			28.2.1.3
			28.2.1.4
			28.2.1.5*
				A.28.2.1.5
			28.2.1.6*
				A.28.2.1.6
			28.2.1.7
			28.2.1.8*
				A.28.2.1.8
			28.2.1.9
			28.2.1.10
			28.2.1.11* Test Blanks.
				A.28.2.1.11
				28.2.1.11.1
				28.2.1.11.2
			28.2.1.12
		28.2.2 Dry Pipe and Double Interlock Preaction System(s) Air Test.
			28.2.2.1
			28.2.2.2
			28.2.2.3
		28.2.3 System Operational Tests.
			28.2.3.1 Waterflow Devices.
				28.2.3.1.1
			28.2.3.2* Dry Pipe Systems.
				A.28.2.3.2
				28.2.3.2.1
				28.2.3.2.2
				28.2.3.2.3*
					A.28.2.3.2.3
					28.2.3.2.3.1*
						A.28.2.3.2.3.1
				28.2.3.2.4
			28.2.3.3 Deluge and Preaction Systems.
				28.2.3.3.1
				28.2.3.3.2
			28.2.3.4 Main Drain Valves.
				28.2.3.4.1
				28.2.3.4.2*
					A.28.2.3.4.2
			28.2.3.5 Operating Test for Control Valves.
		28.2.4 Pressure-Reducing Valves.
			28.2.4.1
			28.2.4.2
			28.2.4.3
			28.2.4.4
		28.2.5 Backflow Prevention Assemblies.
			28.2.5.1
			28.2.5.2
		28.2.6 Exposure Systems.
	28.3 Automated Inspection and Testing Devices and Equipment.
		28.3.1
			28.3.1.1
			28.3.1.2
				28.3.1.2.1
		28.3.2
		28.3.3
		28.3.4
	28.4 Instructions.
		A.28.4(2)
	28.5* Hydraulic Design Information Sign (Hydraulic Data Nameplate)
		A.28.5
		28.5.1
		28.5.2
		28.5.3
	28.6* General Information Sign
		A.28.6
		28.6.1
			28.6.1.1
			28.6.1.2
		28.6.2
		28.6.3
		28.6.4
CHAPTER 29: Existing System Modifications
	29.1 General
		29.1.1
		29.1.2
		29.1.3
		29.1.4
		29.1.5
			29.1.5.1
		29.1.6
		29.1.7
		29.1.8
	29.2 Components
		29.2.1
		29.2.2
		29.2.3
		29.2.4
	29.3 Sprinklers.
		29.3.1
		29.3.2
			29.3.2.1
		29.3.3
		29.3.4
		29.3.5
		29.3.6
		29.3.7
	29.4 Revamping of Pipe Schedule Systems
		29.4.1
		29.4.2
		29.4.3
		29.4.4
		29.4.5
		29.4.6
	29.5 Revamping of Hydraulic Design Systems
		29.5.1
		29.5.2
		29.5.3
		29.5.4
	29.6 System Design
		29.6.1
		29.6.2
		29.6.3
		29.6.4
		29.6.5 Retroactive Installation.
		29.6.6
		29.6.7
	29.7 Testing
		29.7.1
			29.7.1.1
			29.7.1.2
		29.7.2
CHAPTER 30: Marine Systems
	30.1 General
		30.1.1
		30.1.2
		30.1.3* Occupancy Classifications.
			A.30.1.3
		30.1.4* Partial Installations.
			A.30.1.4
			30.1.4.1
			30.1.4.2
			30.1.4.3
	30.2 System Components, Hardware, and Use.
		30.2.1*
			A.30.2.1
		30.2.2*
			A.30.2.2
		30.2.3 Spare Sprinklers.
			30.2.3.1
			30.2.3.2
			30.2.3.3
			30.2.3.4
		30.2.4 System Pipe and Fittings.
			30.2.4.1*
				A.30.2.4.1
			30.2.4.2
		30.2.5 Pipe Support.
			30.2.5.1*
				A.30.2.5.1
			30.2.5.2
			30.2.5.3*
				A.30.2.5.3
			30.2.5.4*
				A.30.2.5.4
		30.2.6 Valves.
			30.2.6.1*
				A.30.2.6.1
			30.2.6.2
			30.2.6.3
		30.2.7 Fire Department Connections and International Shore Connections.
			30.2.7.1*
				A.30.2.7.1
			30.2.7.2
			30.2.7.3
			30.2.7.4
			30.2.7.5
			30.2.7.6
			30.2.7.7*
				A.30.2.7.7
			30.2.7.8
	30.3 System Requirements
		30.3.1* Relief Valves.
			A.30.3.1
		30.3.2 Spare Detection Devices.
		30.3.3 System Piping Supervision.
		30.3.4 Circulating Closed Loop Systems.
	30.4 Installation Requirements
		30.4.1 Temperature Zones.
		30.4.2* Residential Sprinklers.
			A.30.4.2
		30.4.3 Window Protection.
		30.4.4* Concealed Spaces.
			A.30.4.4
			30.4.4.1
			30.4.4.2
		30.4.5 Vertical Shafts.
			30.4.5.1
			30.4.5.2
		30.4.6 Bath Modules.
		30.4.7 Ceiling Types.
		30.4.8 Return Bends.
			30.4.8.1
			30.4.8.2
			30.4.8.3
		30.4.9 Hose Connections.
		30.4.10 Heat-Sensitive Piping Materials.
			30.4.10.1
				A.30.4.10.1(4)
			30.4.10.2
			30.4.10.3
		30.4.11 Discharge of Drain Lines.
			30.4.11.1
			30.4.11.2
			30.4.11.3
			30.4.11.4
		30.4.12 Alarm Signals and Devices.
			30.4.12.1*
				A.30.4.12.1
			30.4.12.2
			30.4.12.3
			30.4.12.4
			30.4.12.5
			30.4.12.6
			30.4.12.7
			30.4.12.8
		30.4.13 Test Connections.
		30.4.14 Protection of Copper Tubing.
	30.5 Design Approaches
		30.5.1 Design Options.
			30.5.1.1
			30.5.1.2
		30.5.2* Window Protection.
			A.30.5.2
		30.5.3* Hose Stream Allowance.
			A.30.5.3
	30.6 Plans and Calculations.
		30.6.1 Additional Information.
		30.6.2
		30.6.3
		30.6.4*
			A.30.6.4
	30.7 Water Supplies.
		30.7.1 General.
		30.7.2 Pressure Tank.
			30.7.2.1
			30.7.2.2 Pressure Tank Alternative.
			30.7.2.3 Relief Valves.
				30.7.2.3.1
				30.7.2.3.2
			30.7.2.4 Power Source.
				30.7.2.4.1
				30.7.2.4.2
				30.7.2.4.3
				30.7.2.4.4
				30.7.2.4.5
			30.7.2.5 Multiple Tanks.
				30.7.2.5.1
				30.7.2.5.2
			30.7.2.6
			30.7.2.7*
				A.30.7.2.7
		30.7.3 Fire Pump.
			30.7.3.1
			30.7.3.2
			30.7.3.3*
				A.30.7.3.3
			30.7.3.4
			30.7.3.5
			30.7.3.6
			30.7.3.7
			30.7.3.8
			30.7.3.9
			30.7.3.10
			30.7.3.11 Test Valves.
				30.7.3.11.1
				30.7.3.11.2
			30.7.3.12 Multiple Pumps.
				30.7.3.12.1
				30.7.3.12.2
					A.30.7.3.12.2(1)
				30.7.3.13*
					A.30.7.3.13
		30.7.4 Water Supply Configurations.
			30.7.4.1
			30.7.4.2
			30.7.4.3
			30.7.4.4
			30.7.4.5
			30.7.4.6*
				A.30.7.4.6
			30.7.4.7
			30.7.4.8
	30.8 System Acceptance.
		30.8.1 Hydrostatic Tests.
		30.8.2 Alarm Test.
		30.8.3 Operational Tests.
			30.8.3.1
			30.8.3.2
	30.9 System Instructions and Maintenance
		30.9.1
		30.9.2
CHAPTER 31: System Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance
	31.1* General
		A.31.1
ANNEX A: Explanatory Material
ANNEX B: Miscellaneous Topics
	B.1
	B.2 Sprinkler System Performance Criteria
		B.2.1
			B.2.1.1
			B.2.1.2 Selection of Density and Area of Application.
			B.2.1.3 Geometry of Area of Application (Remote Area).
			B.2.1.4 Ability to Predict Expected Performance from Calculated Performance
			B.2.1.5 Future Upgrading of System Performance
	B.3 Effect of Clearance to Ceiling on Sprinkler Performance.
ANNEX C: Explanation of Test Data and Procedures for Rack Storage
	C.1
ANNEX D: Sprinkler System Information from the 2018 Edition of the Life Safety Code
	D.1 Introduction
		D.1.1
			D.1.1.1 Features of Fire Protection.
				D.1.1.1.1 Atriums.
			D.1.1.2 Special Structures and High-Rise Buildings.
				D.1.1.2.1
			D.1.1.3 Lodging or Rooming Houses.
				D.1.1.3.1
				D.1.1.3.2
			D.1.1.4 New Hotels and Dormitories.
				D.1.1.4.1
				D.1.1.4.2
			D.1.1.5 Existing Hotels and Dormitories.
				D.1.1.5.1
			D.1.1.6 New Apartment Buildings.
				D.1.1.6.1
				D.1.1.6.2
				D.1.1.6.3
			D.1.1.7 Existing Apartment Buildings.
				D.1.1.7.1
				D.1.1.7.2
				D.1.1.7.3
			D.1.1.8 Existing Residential Board and Care Occupancies.
				D.1.1.8.1
				D.1.1.8.2
					D.1.1.8.2.1
					D.1.1.8.2.2
					D.1.1.8.2.3
					D.1.1.8.2.4
					D.1.1.8.2.5
					D.1.1.8.2.6
					D.1.1.8.2.7
			D.1.1.9 New Mercantile Occupancies.
				D.1.1.9.1 Protection of Vertical Openings.
				D.1.1.9.2
			D.1.1.10 Existing Mercantile Occupancies.
				D.1.1.10.1 Protection of Vertical Openings.
				D.1.1.10.2
			D.1.1.11 Industrial Occupancies.
				D.1.1.11.1 Special Provisions — High-Rise Buildings.
	D.2 Life Safety Code.
		D.2.1 Features of Fire Protection.
			D.2.1.1 Design Requirements. (Reserved)
			D.2.1.2 Installation Requirements.
				D.2.1.2.1 Atriums.
		D.2.2 Special Structures and High-Rise Buildings.
			D.2.2.1 Design Criteria.
				D.2.2.1.1
		D.2.3 New Assembly Occupancies.
			D.2.3.1 Design Criteria.
				D.2.3.1.1 Protection of Vertical Openings.
			D.2.3.2 Installation Requirements. (Reserved)
		D.2.4 Existing Assembly Occupancies.
			D.2.4.1 Design Criteria.
				D.2.4.1.1 Protection of Vertical Openings.
			D.2.4.2 Installation Requirements. (Reserved)
		D.2.5 New Educational Occupancies. (Reserved)
		D.2.6 Existing Educational Occupancies. (Reserved)
		D.2.7 New Day-Care Occupancies. (Reserved)
		D.2.8 Existing Day-Care Occupancies. (Reserved)
		D.2.9 New Health Care Occupancies. (Reserved)
		D.2.10 Existing Health Care Occupancies. (Reserved)
		D.2.11 New Ambulatory Health Care Occupancies. (Reserved)
		D.2.12 Existing Ambulatory Health Care Occupancies. (Reserved)
		D.2.13 New Detention and Correctional Occupancies. (Reserved)
		D.2.14 Existing Detention and Correctional Occupancies. (Reserved)
		D.2.15 One- and Two-Family Dwellings. (Reserved)
		D.2.16 Lodging or Rooming Houses.
			D.2.16.1 Design Requirements. (Reserved)
			D.2.16.2 Installation Requirements.
				D.2.16.2.1
				D.2.16.2.2
		D.2.17 New Hotels and Dormitories.
			D.2.17.1 Design Requirements. (Reserved)
			D.2.17.2 Installation Requirements.
				D.2.17.2.1
				D.2.17.2.2
		D.2.18 Existing Hotels and Dormitories.
			D.2.18.1 Design Requirements. (Reserved)
			D.2.18.2 Installation Requirements.
				D.2.18.2.1
		D.2.19 New Apartment Buildings.
			D.2.19.1 Design Requirements. (Reserved)
			D.2.19.2 Installation Requirements.
				D.2.19.2.1
				D.2.19.2.2
				D.2.19.2.3
		D.2.20 Existing Apartment Buildings.
			D.2.20.1 Design Requirements. (Reserved)
			D.2.20.2 Installation Requirements.
				D.2.20.2.1
				D.2.20.2.2
		D.2.21 New Residential Board and Care Occupancies. (Reserved)
		D.2.22 Existing Residential Board and Care Occupancies.
			D.2.22.1 Design Requirements. (Reserved)
			D.2.22.2 Installation Requirements.
				D.2.22.2.1
				D.2.22.2.2
		D.2.23 New Mercantile Occupancies.
			D.2.23.1 Design Requirements. (Reserved)
			D.2.23.2 Installation Requirements.
				D.2.23.2.1 Protection of Vertical Openings.
				D.2.23.2.2
		D.2.24 Existing Mercantile Occupancies.
			D.2.24.1 Design Requirements. (Reserved)
			D.2.24.2 Installation Requirements.
				D.2.24.2.1 Protection of Vertical Openings.
				D.2.24.2.2
		D.2.25 New Business Occupancies.
			D.2.25.1 Design Requirements. (Reserved)
			D.2.25.2 Installation Requirements. (Reserved)
		D.2.26 Existing Business Occupancies.
			D.2.26.1 Design Requirements. (Reserved)
			D.2.26.2 Installation Requirements. (Reserved)
		D.2.27 Industrial Occupancies. (Reserved)
			D.2.27.1 Design Criteria.
				D.2.27.1.1 Special Provisions — High-Rise Buildings.
		D.2.28 Storage Occupancies. (Reserved)
ANNEX E: Development of the Design Approach to Conform with ASCE/SEI 7 and Suggested Conversion Factor Adjustments for Locations Outside the United States
	E.1 General.
	E.2 Assumptions on System Geometry
		E.2.1 Continuity in Piping Systems.
		E.2.2 Branch Line Locations.
	E.3 Computing the Seismic Demand on Piping Systems.
	E.4 Flexural Capacity of Piping
	E.5 Sample Seismic Calculation Using the ZOI Method.
	E.6 Limitations of the ZOI Method.
	E.7 Allowable Loads for Concrete Anchors
		E.7.1 Selecting a Wedge Anchor Using Table 18.5.12.2(a) through Table 18.5.12.2(e).
			E.7.1.1 Procedure.
			E.7.1.2 Example.
		E.7.2 Calculation for Maximum Load Capacity of Concrete Anchors.
			E.7.2.1 Procedure.
			E.7.2.2
ANNEX F: Informational References
	F.1 Referenced Publications
		F.1.1 NFPA Publications.
		F.1.2 Other Publications.
			F.1.2.1 ACI Publications.
			F.1.2.2 ACPA Publications.
			F.1.2.3 AISC Publications.
			F.1.2.4 ASCE Publications.
			F.1.2.5 ASME Publications.
			F.1.2.6 ASTM Publications.
			F.1.2.7 AWWA Publications.
			F.1.2.8 DIPRA Publications.
			F.1.2.9 EPRI Publications.
			F.1.2.10 FM Publications.
			F.1.2.11 FMRC Publications.
			F.1.2.12 FPRF Publications.
			F.1.2.13 ICC Publications.
			F.1.2.14 IMO Publications.
			F.1.2.15 ISO Publications.
			F.1.2.16 NFSA Publications.
			F.1.2.17 SNAME Publications.
			F.1.2.18 UL Publications.
			F.1.2.19 U.S. Government Publications.
			F.1.2.20 Other Publications.
	F.2 Informational References
		F.2.1 NFPA Publications.
		F.2.2 AWWA Publications.
		F.2.3 DIPRA Publications.
		F.2.4 FM Publications.
		F.2.5 SAE Publications.
		F.2.6 Uni-Bell PVC Pipe Publications.
		F.2.7 U.S. Government Publications.
	F.3 References for Extracts in Informational Sections
Index
2016–2019 Roadmap
Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning NFPA® Standards
NFPA 13 Metric Conversions
Tentative Interim Amendment 19-1
Tentative Interim Amendment 19-2