Neuroscience for Designing Green Spaces: Contemplative Landscapes

Cover
Half Title
Endorsements
Title
Copyright
Dedication
Contents
List of figures
List of tables
Preface
Acknowledgements
Introduction
	0.1 Failures of landscape architecture and urban planning
	0.2 Gaps in knowledge and misconceptions
	0.3 Contemplative Landscape Model and its relationship with existing frameworks
Part 1 Science behind the contemplative landscapes
	1 Therapeutic mechanisms of urban green spaces
		1.1 Urbanicity aspects behind mental health deterioration
		1.2 The solution is in nature . . . but what nature?
	2 Brain response to contemplative landscapes and mental health implications
		2.1 Contemplation vs. landscape contemplation –a health-benefitting mechanism
		2.2 Brain science for design disciplines
		2.3 What do we know about the brain’s reaction to contemplative landscapes?
		2.4 Neuroscience – a designer’s muse
	3 How to benefit the most from contemplative landscape exposure
		3.1 Who can benefit?
		3.2 Which exposure conditions unlock the benefits?
		3.3 New mission for landscape architects
Part 2 Contemplative landscape features
	4 Character of Peace and Silence
		4.1 Reorientation
		4.2 Rest and relaxation
		4.3 Silence and solitude
		4.4 Safety and no technology
	5 Compatibility
		5.1 Harmony and spatial order
		5.2 Balance between wild and tamed
		5.3 Inward space orientation
		5.4 Artistic expression
	6 Layers of the Landscape
		6.1 Three distance zones in the landscape
		6.2 Psychological comfort of looking afar
	7 Landform
		7.1 Looking up towards the sky
		7.2 Mounds and natural topography
	8 Biodiversity
		8.1 Wild and plentiful lifeforms
		8.2 Geometric vs. naturalistic planting
		8.3 Human-animal relations in cities
	9 Color and Light
		9.1 Calm color palette
		9.2 Lively play of light and shadow
	10 Archetypal Elements
		10.1 Forest, path, and clearing
		10.2 Desert
		10.3 Water
		10.4 Single old tree
		10.5 Stone/rock
		10.6 Mountain/hill
		10.7 Circle
Part 3 Existing and future approaches
	11 How to design contemplative landscapes: best practices and case examples
		11.1 Traditions of contemplation: Saihō-ji, Kyoto, Japan
		11.2 Maximizing reorientation: NYC High Line Park, USA
		11.3 Large-scale city park for contemplation: Parque da Cidade do Porto, Portugal
		11.4 Contemplation of life and death: Shrine of Remembrance, Melbourne, Australia
		11.5 Oasis that heals: the Therapeutic Garden @ HortPark, Singapore
		11.6 Meeting with the archetypes: Bloedel Reserve, Seattle, USA
		11.7 Indoor landscape of contemplation: Jewel at Changi Airport, Singapore
	12 How to identify contemplative landscapes: CLM user’s manual
		12.1 Before scoring . . .
		12.2 Step-by-step scoring with CLM
		12.3 Calculate and interpret the score
	13 A vision of a mentally healthy city
		13.1 Vision of a city for nature contemplation
		13.2 New legislation
		13.3 New research approaches
Appendix: Contemplative Landscape Model – printable worksheet
Index