Nanosensors : theory and applications in industry, healthcare, and defense

 Content: Machine generated contents note: ch. 1 Carbon-Nanotube-Based Sensors / B.C. Satishkumar --
 1.1. Introduction --
 1.2. Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes --
 1.3. Relevant Physical Characteristics of Carbon Nanotubes --
 1.4. Chemical Sensors and MEMS-Based Nanotube Sensors --
 1.4.1. Individual CNT Chemical Sensors --
 1.4.2. CNT Network/Film-Based Chemical Sensors --
 1.4.3. CNT Array-Based Gas Sensors --
 1.4.4. Metal-Nanoparticle-Modified CNT Sensors --
 1.4.5. Polymer-Functionalized CNT Chemical Sensors --
 1.4.6. CNT-Templated Materials for Gas Sensors --
 1.4.7. MEMS Sensors Using CNTs --
 1.5. Biosensors, Drug Delivery, and Bioimaging --
 1.5.1. Biosensing Studies with Isolated CNTs --
 1.5.2. Biosensing Using CNT Composites and Arrays --
 1.5.3. CNTs for Drug Delivery and Bioimaging Studies --
 1.6. Conclusions and Outlook --
 References --
 ch. 2 Carbon-Nanotube-Based Fluidic Shear-Stress Sensors / Wen J. Li --
 2.1. Overview of Carbon Nanotube Sensors 2.2. Types of Shear-Stress Sensors --
 2.2.1. Direct Measurement --
 2.2.2. Indirect Measurement --
 2.3. Operating Principle of the CNT Sensor Shear-Stress Sensor --
 2.4. Dielectrophoretic Batch Manipulation of CNTs --
 2.4.1. Theoretical Background --
 2.4.2. Manipulation of CNTs --
 2.5. Integrated SWCNT Sensors in Micro-Wind Tunnel for Airflow Shear-Stress Measurement --
 2.5.1. Experimental Details --
 2.5.1.1. Fabrication Process of the Integrated CNT Sensor Chip --
 2.5.1.2. Experimental Setup --
 2.5.2. Results and Discussions --
 2.5.2.1. Characteristics of SWCNTs --
 2.5.2.2. Sensor Response Toward Airflow Inside a Micro-Wind Tunnel --
 2.5.3. Summary --
 2.6. Ultralow-Powered EG-CNT Sensors for Aqueous Shear-Stress Measurement in Microfluidic Systems --
 2.6.1. Experimental Details --
 2.6.1.1. Sensor Design and Fabrication --
 2.6.1.2. Experimental Setup --
 2.6.2. Results and Discussions --
 2.6.2.1. Characteristics of EG-CNTs --
 2.6.2.2. Sensor Sensitivity --
 2.6.2.3. Thermal Dissipation Principle 2.6.2.4. Transient Heat Transfer under Nature Convection --
 2.6.2.5. Dynamic Response under Forced Convection --
 2.6.3. Summary --
 2.7. Comparison of Different Shear-Stress Sensors --
 2.8. Conclusions --
 Acknowledgments --
 References --
 ch. 3 Nanomechanical Cantilever Sensors: Theory and Applications / Wenmiao Shu --
 3.1. Introduction --
 3.2. Operation Principles --
 3.3. Preparation of Microcantilever Sensors --
 3.3.1. Device Fabrication --
 3.3.2. Surface Functionalization Techniques --
 3.4. Readout Techniques --
 3.4.1. Optical --
 3.4.2. Piezoresistive/Piezoelectric --
 3.4.3. Sensor Arrays --
 3.5. Biosensing Applications --
 3.6. Defense Applications --
 3.6.1. Industry: Gas/Vapor Sensors --
 3.6.2. Defense: Explosives --
 3.6.3. Preconcentrator --
 3.6.4. Theoretical Analysis of Sensitivity --
 3.7. Conclusions --
 References --
 ch. 4 Protein Thin Films: Sensing Elements for Sensors / Svetlana Erokhina --
 4.1. Introdcution --
 4.1.1. Layer-by-Layer Films of Proteins --
 4.1.1.1. Introduction to the LbL Self-Assembly Technique 4.1.1.2. General Assembly Procedure --
 4.1.1.3. LbL Protein Films: General Aspects --
 4.1.1.4. Techniques for the Characterization of LbL Films --
 4.1.1.5. Protein-Containing LbL Films for Biosensor Applications --
 4.1.1.6. Sensoric-LbL Micro/Nanocapsules --
 4.2. Langmuir-Blodgett Films of Proteins --
 4.2.1. Introduction to Protein LB Films --
 4.2.2. Monolayers at the Air/Water Interface --
 4.2.3. Specific Features of the Proteins in LB Films --
 4.2.4. Fromherz Trough as a Tool for Protein-Containing LB Film Formation --
 4.2.5. Protein-Containing LB Films for Biosensor Applications --
 4.2.5.1. Antibody-Containing LB Films --
 4.2.5.2. Enzyme-Containing LB Films --
 4.2.5.3. DNA-Containing Monolayers and LB Films --
 4.3. Conclusions --
 Acknowledgments --
 References --
 ch. 5 FRET-Based Nanosensors for Intracellular Glucose Monitoring / Kaiming Ye --
 5.1. Introduction --
 5.2. Detection of Intracellular Glucose within Living Cells --
 5.2.1. Nonfluorescent Sensors for Detecting Glucose within Living Cells --
 5.2.2. Fluorescent Sensors for Nondestructive Measuring of Glucose 5.2.3. FRET Nanosensors for Visualization of Glucose within Living Cells --
 5.3. Prospective --
 References --
 ch. 6 Noble Metal Nanoparticles as Colorimetric Probes for Biological Analysis / Xiaodi Su --
 6.1. Introduction --
 6.2. Fundamental Issues --
 6.2.1. Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance of Noble Metal Nanoparticles --
 6.2.2. Colloidal Stabilization --
 6.2.3. Control of Nanoparticles Aggregation and Dispersion in Colorimetric Assays --
 6.2.4. Quantification of Nanoparticle Aggregation and Dispersion --
 6.3. Colorimetric Assays for Various Analyte Species and Biological Processes --
 6.3.1. Nucleic Acids --
 6.3.2. Aptamers and Their Targets --
 6.3.3. DNA Binders --
 Drug, Metal Ion, and Protein --
 6.3.4. Enzymatic Phosphorylation and Dephosphorylation --
 6.3.5. Enzymatic Cleavage of Nucleic Acids --
 6.3.5.1. DNA Cleavage by Endonucleases --
 6.3.5.2. DNAzyme Cleavage for Metal Sensing --
 6.4. Conclusion and Future Perspectives --
 Acknowledgment --
 References --
 ch. 7 Optical Capillary Sensors for Intelligent Classification of Microfluidic Samples / Michael L. Korwin-Pawlowski 7.1. Introduction --
 7.2. Operating Principles and Construction Aspects of the Optical Capillary Head --
 7.2.1. General Description of the Sensor System --
 7.2.2. The Measurement Cycle of the Capillary Sensor --
 7.2.2.1. Filling the Short Section of the Capillary with the Analyzed Liquid --
 7.2.2.2. Local Heating of the Liquid in the Capillary to Generate a Transient Response --
 7.2.2.3. Introduction of the Optical Signal to the Short Capillaries Filled with Liquid --
 7.2.2.4. Signal Detection in Optical Capillary Sensors --
 7.3. Examination of Liquids Using Optical Capillary Sensors --
 7.3.1. Examination of Chemical Liquids --
 7.3.2. Examination of Biofuels --
 7.3.2.1. The Design of the Dedicated Sensor Head --
 7.3.2.2. Classification of Biofuel Mixtures --
 7.3.3. Examination of Milk --
 7.4. Summary --
 Acknowledgments --
 References --
 ch. 8 Future Healthcare: Bioinformatics, Nano-Sensors, and Emerging Innovations / Shoumen Palit Austin Datta --
 8.1. Introduction --
 8.2. Problem Space --
 8.2.1. Background --
 8.2.2. Focus --
 8.3. Solution Space 8.3.1. Existing Electronic Medical Records Systems --
 8.3.2. Changing the Dynamics of Medical Data and Information Flow --
 8.3.3. Data Acquired through Remote Monitoring and Wireless Sensor Network --
 8.3.4. Innovation in Wireless Remote Monitoring and the Emergence of Nano-Butlers --
 8.4. Innovation Space: Molecular Semantics --
 8.4.1. Molecular Semantics is about Structure Recognition --
 8.5. Auxiliary Space --
 8.5.1. Potential for Massive Growth of Service Industry in Healthcare --
 8.5.2. Back to Basics Approach is Key to Stimulate Convergence --
 8.6. Temporary Conclusion: Abundance of Data Yet Starved for Knowledge? --
 Acknowledgment --
 References.
 Abstract:             \"Nanosensors, sensing devices with at least one sensing dimension less than 100nm, have become instrumental for monitoring physical and chemical phenomena, detecting biochemicals in cellular organelles, and measuring nanoscopic particles in industrial processes. This book provides a guide to nanosensors. Inspired by his own experience with nanofiber-based gas sensors, the author explains the principles and applications of nanosensors for industry, healthcare, and defense. Each chapter presents an overview of the specific type of nanosensor and then describes the fundamental science that forms the basis of the sensing mechanism, fabrication techniques, and the specific nanosensor\'s detection\"