Music as Labour: Inequalities and Activism in the Past and Present

Cover
Half Title
Series Information
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Contributors
Acknowledgements
Introduction
	The Changing Nature of Creative Labour
	Music as Self-Organised Labour and Micro-Entrepreneurial Activities
	Inequalities and Activism in the Music Industries
	References
1 Ironworks as Venues of Music Production: The Ostrava/Vítkovice Case From the 1890s to the 1910s
	Introduction
	Mining and Factory Musicians: Founding Members of the Austrian-Hungarian Musicians’ Association
	Specificities of Working Conditions in Mines and Ironworks
	Dual Employments for Mining and Factory Musicians
	The Orchestras’ Versatile Work Plans – In the Service of Ironwork’s Hierarchies
	Aspects of the Orchestras’ Internal Organisation
	A Man’s World – Concluding Remarks
	Notes
	References
2 From Bohemia to the Balkans: Towards a Socioeconomic History of Itinerant Women Musicians, 1860–1889
	Introduction
	Musicians in Erzgebirge: An Overview
	Women Musicians in Pressnitz, 1870–1889: A Socioeconomic Analysis
	Case Study: Theresia Elster’s (1848–1866) Family Background and Career
	Conclusions
	Notes
	References
3 The MGM Lion’s Ominous Roar: (New) Technologies and the Disappearing Profession of Silent Movie Theatre Musicians …
	Setting the Scene
	The Spectre of (Mechanical) Sound
	The White Shadows of Oblivion
	Competing Discourses of the Unfolding Technological Drama
	In Place of the Closing Credits
	Notes
	References
4 ‘Work That Body’: Disco, Counterculture and the Promise of the Transformation of Work
	Introduction
	Herbert Marcuse, Counterculture and the Rise of DJ-Led Party Culture
	New Sounds, Professions and Employment Opportunities
	The Recalibration of Factory and Office Life
	Disco, Post-Fordist Work and Neoliberalism
	References
5 Hope, Labour and Privilege in American New Music
	New Music: A ‘New’ Hope
	Music in Capitalism
	Avatars the Work Ethic
	New Music’s Privileged Networks of Labour
	Conclusion
	References
6 A Lockdown Recording Project: Jazz Musicians and Metaphors for a Working Life
	Introduction
	A Lockdown Recording Project
	Lockdown and Industry
	Working Together in a New Way
		Working Conditions
		Practice
		Teaching
		Careers
		The Recording Project
	The Valences of Metaphor
		Entrepreneurialism
		Portfolio Careers
		The Gig Economy
	References
7 Emotional and Relational Labour in Music From a Feminist Perspective
	Introduction
	Creative Labour, Emotional Labour, Relational Labour
	Relational Labour and Care in Musical Collaboration
	The Gendered Dimension of Networking and Friendship
	Friendship and Unpaid Labour: The Status of the Amateur Helper
	Conclusions
	Notes
	References
8 Afghan Pop in Europe: Migration, Affect and Musical Labour
	Musical Labour, the Refugee Experience and Ethnographic Fieldwork
	Afghanistan and the Refugee Experience
	Afghan Music as Labour: From Radio Afghanistan to Afghan Star
	Working in Music Within the Afghan Diaspora in Europe
	Affective Labour and the Refugee Experience
	Conclusion
	Notes
	References
9 ‘It’s a Kind of Macho Culture’: Changes and Continuities in Young Female Musicians’ Talk About Inequalities
	Introduction
	Details About the Study
	Continuities: Individualisation, Progress Narratives and the Positioning of Women as the Advantaged Sex
	Changes: Articulating Gender Inequalities and Linking Them to Personal Experiences
	Sharing Experiences of Racialised and Classed Exclusions
	Discussion and Conclusion
	References
10 Women Working in the Music Business: An Alumni Study
	Introduction: From a Wrecking Ball to a Reckoning
	Theoretical Pathways
	Chipping Away at the ‘Brick Wall’: On Becoming a Critical Practitioner
	Research Methodology
	An Alumni Study
	On Bridge Building
	On Inequality – The Lift Is Out of Order
	On Knowledge Production
	Conclusion
	Acknowledgement
	Note
	References
11 Musicians of the World Unite!: The Initial Years of the International Federation of Musicians
	Introduction
	Part One: Musicians as Workers and FIM’s Formation
	Part Two: FIM’s Early Days
		Organising Who?
		The Record Industry and Performers’ Rights
		Technology
		Working Abroad
	Conclusion
	Notes
	References
12 Towards More Inclusion in the Music Industry
	Introduction
	Stigma in the Music Industry
	Precariousness in the Music Industry
	Lessons Learned
	Where Do We Go From Here?
	References
13 Moving Beyond @operaisracist: Exploring Blacktivism as a Pathway to Antiracism and Creative Justice in Opera
	Introduction
	Theoretical Framework
	Method
	Phenomenon
	Timeline of Events
	Conclusions
	References
Index