Multimedia and Regional Economic Restructuring (Routledge Studies in the Modern World Economy, 21)

BOOK COVER......Page 1
HALF-TITLE......Page 2
TITLE......Page 5
COPYRIGHT......Page 6
CONTENTS......Page 7
FIGURES......Page 9
MAPS......Page 10
TABLES......Page 11
CONTRIBUTORS......Page 13
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......Page 17
ACRONYMS......Page 18
1  INTRODUCTION......Page 21
What is multimedia?......Page 25
The structure of the book......Page 26
References......Page 27
Multimedia: the promise......Page 29
Multimedia as an extension of information technology......Page 31
Multimedia as an expression of content......Page 34
The Bay Area multimedia cluster in the broader US context......Page 35
The structure of the multimedia cluster in the city of San Francisco......Page 37
Policy lessons......Page 41
References......Page 42
Introduction......Page 44
An empirical framework of investigation......Page 45
A concise geographic and demographic profile of questionnaire respondents......Page 46
The sectoral distribution of employment......Page 49
Employment, occupations, and computer skills......Page 51
Spatial mobility and job recruitment......Page 52
Education and training......Page 53
Professional organizations......Page 56
The local labour market and regional economic development......Page 57
References......Page 58
The growth of ‘Silicon Alley’ before and after 1992......Page 60
New York’s pre-1992 economic development in the context of a ‘global city’......Page 61
The growth of Silicon Alley since 1992......Page 62
The corporate giants......Page 63
The New York area new media industry......Page 64
Silicon Alley......Page 65
A close-up view of Silicon Alley firms......Page 66
The nature and importance of multimedia networks (MMNWs)......Page 69
The negotiated work agreements of multimedia networks......Page 70
Project networks in advertising and consulting......Page 72
Other knowledge-intensive service networks......Page 73
The competition between old and new media firms in Silicon Alley......Page 74
Discussion and conclusion......Page 77
References......Page 79
Focus of this study......Page 84
A global multimedia capital......Page 85
Innovation networks......Page 87
Latency period......Page 88
New York innovation multimedia network......Page 91
Conclusion: three stages of institutional development......Page 93
Notes......Page 94
References......Page 95
The establishment of a digital regional economy......Page 96
Size, situation and structure of Toronto’s multimedia industry......Page 98
Characteristics of Toronto area multimedia firms......Page 101
Features and practices of employment in multimedia......Page 105
The geography of suppliers and markets......Page 107
Demand conditions: from regional to export markets......Page 108
Active pursuit of export markets......Page 111
Supply conditions: sources, skill, and regional strengths......Page 112
The regional labour market......Page 114
Nurturing multimedia’s growth: public policy and associative action......Page 115
Findings and implications for policy and theory......Page 118
Notes......Page 120
References......Page 121
Introduction......Page 123
North Rhine-Westphalia: an economic snapshot profile......Page 124
Multimedia in North Rhine-Westphalia: definitions and data bases......Page 125
Multimedia in North Rhine-Westphalia: results from a bird’s eye view......Page 128
Multimedia in Cologne: clustering in progress......Page 131
Neither regional anchorage nor regional modernization impact: the lonesome riding of Bertelsmann in the multimedia business......Page 134
Multimedia in the Ruhr area: heterogeneity in search of synergy......Page 136
Industrial policies for innovation and the development of multimedia enterprises: experience from North Rhine-Westphalia......Page 138
Conclusions......Page 139
References......Page 140
The Munich area in comparison to other locations of the media and communication industry......Page 142
The media industry in the Munich area and the trend towards ‘multimedia’......Page 144
Location requirements and location factors of the communication industry......Page 146
Newspaper publishers......Page 148
Book publishers......Page 149
Film/radio/television......Page 150
Multimedia......Page 152
Production and working conditions......Page 155
Changing qualification and training requirements......Page 156
Associations......Page 157
Supervisory and coordination institutions......Page 159
Conclusions......Page 160
References......Page 162
Technological change, the Internet and urban and regional development opportunities......Page 164
The Internet value chain......Page 167
Number and scale of companies......Page 170
The location of Internet suppliers in the Netherlands......Page 172
Possible factors influencing agglomeration......Page 177
Knowledge resources......Page 178
Regional demand factors......Page 179
Related and supportive sectors......Page 180
A potential for ‘institutional thickness’?......Page 181
Policy actions......Page 182
Multimedia growth poles versus ‘re-orienting core competencies for the digital age’......Page 184
Notes......Page 186
References......Page 188
Introduction......Page 190
The British multimedia scene......Page 191
Overview of the Sussex multimedia region......Page 193
Some south-east high-tech firms......Page 195
Entry barriers to multimedia......Page 197
Sustaining market presence and ‘measuring’ success......Page 199
What of social networking?......Page 201
Policy implications: role of the state......Page 202
Conclusion......Page 203
References......Page 204
Introduction......Page 206
Company size and turnover......Page 207
Regional distribution......Page 208
Preconditions for the Stockholm new media cluster......Page 209
Stockholm new media companies......Page 210
The products and the type of assignment......Page 211
Challenges and possibilities for the companies......Page 212
Conclusions......Page 213
Annex: the design of the study......Page 214
References......Page 216
Introduction......Page 217
Enterprise support......Page 218
Transaction costs......Page 219
Cooperation and competition......Page 220
Historical development of the Cardiff multimedia cluster......Page 221
The development of the multimedia industry......Page 222
Policy support......Page 226
Conclusions......Page 227
References......Page 228
Introduction......Page 230
The significance of clustering and networking......Page 231
Sociotechnical constituencies......Page 232
Clustering as intra- and inter-institutional processes of sociotechnical alignment......Page 235
The diamond of alignment......Page 237
Dimension 1 (a, b, c): Governance......Page 239
Dimension 4 (a, b, c): Interacting technologies/constituencies......Page 240
A Scottish multimedia cluster?......Page 241
Overview of the state of development of the Scottish multimedia constituency......Page 243
Business skills and growth-capital......Page 244
Role of the Scottish electronics cluster......Page 245
Structural positioning in the global economy......Page 246
Social consensus and policy instruments......Page 247
Summary discussion......Page 248
References......Page 251
Introduction......Page 253
Stuttgart’s tradition: the ‘car city’......Page 254
Stuttgart: not the ‘net city’ yet......Page 255
Past economic development and multimedia in the Stuttgart region......Page 261
IVSS: a failed attempt to establish an innovation network for multimedia in Stuttgart......Page 263
Stuttgart’s future: looking for a way to become a ‘net city’......Page 265
Conclusion......Page 266
Notes......Page 267
References......Page 268
The development of new industries......Page 270
Technology......Page 272
Some characteristics of the Tampere Region......Page 274
Some general remarks......Page 275
The structure of the multimedia industry in the Tampere Region......Page 276
Large companies related to multimedia production in Tampere......Page 279
Institutional support structures of the multimedia industry......Page 281
Strategic plans in the region......Page 283
Participation of regional companies in national projects......Page 285
Conclusions......Page 286
References......Page 288
Introduction......Page 290
Spatial disparities in Japan and their implications for technology and regional policy of the central government......Page 291
General agenda of Japanese information policies......Page 294
Recent history of new media and information policies, the ‘technopolis’ programme and the role of the regions......Page 295
New media community......Page 302
The case of Kyûshû region......Page 305
Reducing economic disparities between regions with the help of new media policies and ‘technopolis’ zones?......Page 310
References......Page 313
Introduction......Page 315
Sectoral transformation......Page 316
Human-resource supply and development......Page 317
Phase 1 (1980)......Page 318
IT 2000......Page 319
Singapore One, total electronic link up......Page 320
Publishing......Page 321
Singapore’s infant multimedia industry......Page 322
Industry structure......Page 323
Institutional shaping of IT......Page 325
Democracy and inclusiveness......Page 327
Production of consent......Page 328
References......Page 329
The geography of multimedia production......Page 331
Sources and limits of diversity in multimedia production......Page 333
Sources of diversity......Page 334
Limits of diversity: influences towards uniformity......Page 336
Consequences of diversity and uniformity for the development of regional economies......Page 338
References......Page 339
INDEX......Page 341