Multidimensional Poverty Measurement: Theory and Methodology

Preface I
Preface II
Author’s Note
Contents
About the Author
1 The Evolution of Thinking about the Concept of Poverty
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 Basic Needs Theory from an Economic Perspective
		1.2.1 Basic Needs
		1.2.2 Income/Consumption Poverty
		1.2.3 Asset Poverty
	1.3 Social Exclusion Theory of the Sociological Perspective
	1.4 Capability Approach and Multidimensional Poverty Theory from a Development Studies Perspective
		1.4.1 Capability Approach
		1.4.2 Multidimensional Poverty
	1.5 Poverty Theory from a Politics-Based Perspective
		1.5.1 Class Theory
		1.5.2 Rights Theory
		1.5.3 Common Prosperity Theory
	1.6 Conclusion and Discussion
	References
2 Poverty Criteria and World Poverty
	2.1 Income/Consumption Principle
		2.1.1 Income Poverty Criterion in the UK and the US
		2.1.2 Poverty Criteria and Their Evolution in China
		2.1.3 The World Bank’s Poverty Criterion
	2.2 Multidimensional Poverty Index
		2.2.1 Why Measure Multidimensional Poverty
		2.2.2 How to Measure Multidimensional Poverty
		2.2.3 Global Multidimensional Poverty
		2.2.4 Pros and Cons of MPI
	2.3 Conclusion and Discussion
	References
3 Dynamic Change Measurement of Poverty in China
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Methods and Models
		3.2.1 Poverty Measurement
		3.2.2 Inequality Measurement
		3.2.3 Definition of Poverty Lines
	3.3 Poverty and Inequality
		3.3.1 Relative Poverty
		3.3.2 Absolute Poverty
		3.3.3 Inequality
	3.4 Growth Rate Curve
	3.5 Conclusion
	Reference
4 Multidimensional Poverty Measurement of China
	4.1 Literature Review
		4.1.1 International Research
		4.1.2 Chinese Research
	4.2 AF Method
	4.3 Dimensions and Indicators Setting
		4.3.1 Dimensions Setting
		4.3.2 Interpretation of Indicators
	4.4 Estimation of Multidimensional Poverty
		4.4.1 Multidimensional Poverty Index
		4.4.2 MPI Decomposition
	4.5 Conclusion and Discussion
	References
5 On the Relationship Between Income Poverty and Multidimensional Poverty in China
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Conceptual Framework
	5.3 Model, Methods, and Data
		5.3.1 Model and Methods
		5.3.2 Dimensions, Indicators, and Poverty Descriptions
	5.4 Comparative Analysis of Income Poverty and Multidimensional Poverty
		5.4.1 Statistical Analysis
		5.4.2 Estimation Results and Robustness Tests of the Logit Model
	5.5 Conclusions and Policy Implications
	References
6 Subjective Well-Being and Relative Poverty of Urban and Rural Residents in China
	6.1 Literature Review
	6.2 Conceptual Framework, Model, and Data
		6.2.1 Conceptual Framework
		6.2.2 Model
		6.2.3 Data
		6.2.4 Descriptive Statistics
	6.3 Model Estimation and Test
	6.4 Conclusion and Discussion
		6.4.1 Main Conclusions
		6.4.2 Discussion
	References
7 Subjective Well-Being and Poverty of the Elderly in China
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 Literature Review and Conceptual Framework
		7.2.1 Multidimensionality of Poverty
		7.2.2 Subjectivity of Poverty
		7.2.3 Conceptual Framework
	7.3 Model and Data
		7.3.1 Model
		7.3.2 Data and Variables
		7.3.3 Profile of the Elderly in Urban and Rural China
	7.4 Model Estimation and Test
	7.5 Main Conclusion and Policy Recommendations
		7.5.1 Main Conclusions
		7.5.2 Policy Recommendations
	References
8 The Multidimensional Poverty of Migrant Women in China: A Case Study of Domestic Services in Beijing
	8.1 Research Questions
	8.2 Literature Review
	8.3 Theoretical Framework and Analysis Methods
		8.3.1 Theoretical Framework
		8.3.2 Analysis Methods
		8.3.3 Dimension Selection and Variable Interpretation
	8.4 Data and Analysis Results
		8.4.1 Descriptive Statistics
		8.4.2 Income Poverty
		8.4.3 Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI-I)
		8.4.4 Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI-II)
	8.5 Main Conclusions and Policy Recommendations
		8.5.1 Main Conclusions
		8.5.2 Policy Recommendations
	References
9 Analysis of Multidimensional Child Poverty in China
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 Literature Review
		9.2.1 On the Meaning of Child Poverty
		9.2.2 Key Measures of Child Poverty
	9.3 Analysis Framework and Data Illustration
		9.3.1 Analysis Framework
		9.3.2 Data Illustration
	9.4 Multidimensional Poverty Analysis of Children
		9.4.1 Survival
		9.4.2 Health
		9.4.3 Protection
		9.4.4 Development
		9.4.5 Participation
	9.5 Main Conclusions and Policy Recommendations
		9.5.1 Main Conclusions
		9.5.2 Policy Recommendations
	References
10 Child Poverty in Rural China: Multidimensional Perspective
	10.1 Introduction
	10.2 Literature Review
	10.3 Methodology
		10.3.1 Theoretical Framework
		10.3.2 Data Sources
		10.3.3 Analysis Method
	10.4 Key Findings
		10.4.1 Surveyed Children were Severely Deprived in the Health and Subsistence Dimensions
		10.4.2 Children with Disabilities Suffered More Severe Multidimensional Poverty, Particularly in Participation and Health
		10.4.3 Children Affected by HIV/AIDS were the Most Severely Deprived Group
		10.4.4 Children of Ethnic Minorities Faced Serious Multidimensional Poverty
	10.5 Conclusion and Policy Recommendations
		10.5.1 Proactively Promote Improvement of Sanitation Facilities and Use of Clean Energy in Rural Areas
		10.5.2 Encourage Rural Households to Accumulate Assets in Order to Reduce Vulnerability
		10.5.3 Strengthen Relief and Support for Disabled Children, Children Affected by HIV/AIDS, Children of Ethnic Minorities, and Other Vulnerable Groups
		10.5.4 Further Protect and Promote the Rights of Children to Protection, Development and Participation
	References
11 Pro-Poor Measurement of China’s Economic Growth
	11.1 Introduction
	11.2 Definition of Pro-Poor Growth and Measurement Methods
		11.2.1 Kakwani and Pernia’s Pro-Poor Growth Index (PPGI)
		11.2.2 Ravallion and Chen’s Pro-Poor Growth Index
		11.2.3 Kakwani, Khandker, and Son’s Poverty Equivalent Growth Rate (PEGR)
	11.3 Pro-Poor Growth in China
		11.3.1 Pro-Poor Growth Measurement Results
		11.3.2 Explanation of the Reasons for Pro-Poor Growth
	References
12 Inclusive Measurement of China’s Economic Growth
	12.1 Connotation of Inclusive Growth
		12.1.1 Evolution of Poverty Reduction Strategies
		12.1.2 Connotation of Inclusive Growth
	12.2 Measurement Methods of Inclusive Growth
		12.2.1 Construction of the Inclusive Growth Index
		12.2.2 Selection of Dimensions and Indicators
		12.2.3 Weights, Standardization, and Indicator Thresholds
		12.2.4 Score Range and Target Value for Individual Indicators
		12.2.5 Robustness Test of Indicator Results
	12.3 Data and Results
		12.3.1 Indicator Values and Data Sources
		12.3.2 Robustness Test of Evaluation Results and Indicator Results
		12.3.3 Analysis of Evaluation Results
	12.4 Conclusion and Recommendations
	References
Postscript