Mr. Jefferson's Lost Cause: Land, Farmers, Slavery, and the Louisiana Purchase

Contents......Page 8
PART FOUR: Agents of the Master Organism: Assistants to the Plantation System......Page 188
Chronology......Page 14
PART ONE: The Land and Mr. Jefferson......Page 20
Choices and Consequences......Page 24
Rain in Virginia and Its Results......Page 26
Lessons for Yeomen......Page 27
Pasteur, Wilson, and the Three Sisters......Page 29
Yeomen, Planters, and the Land......Page 30
Cheap Land and Slave Labor......Page 33
Washington, Jefferson, Three Worthies, and Plantation Migrancy......Page 36
Philosophers in the Parlor and Lessons on the Land......Page 38
Westward Sweeps the Course of Desolation......Page 40
The Gospel of Garland Harmon......Page 42
The Way Not Taken......Page 45
The Makers of a New Order......Page 46
Jefferson’s Epitaph......Page 47
Disestablishing the Grandees......Page 49
The Brotherhood......Page 51
The Unpropitiated Son......Page 53
Monticello Again......Page 56
Jefferson and Democracy......Page 58
Jefferson and the Family Farmer......Page 60
Independence......Page 62
A Dependent Arcadia......Page 64
The Virtues of Diversification......Page 66
Commercial Squires and Ungovernable Governors......Page 69
Diversification, the Pursuit of Happiness, and Cities......Page 72
Eastward Toward Civility......Page 73
The Thousand-Foot Line......Page 74
Powers of the Earth......Page 79
Land Companies, Trading Companies, and Triassic Capitalism......Page 81
The Great Land Companies and Revolution......Page 84
Jefferson and Western Speculation......Page 85
Veterans’ Benefits......Page 87
Armed Occupation......Page 88
Armed Occupation Marches On......Page 91
Jefferson’s Opportunities and the Land......Page 92
1784—The Second Opportunity—The Trans-Appalachian West......Page 94
The Third Opportunity—The Lower Mississippi Valley......Page 97
Old Men’s Dreams and the Memories of the Land......Page 101
PART TWO: The Invisible Empire and the Land......Page 104
Colonial-Imperialism......Page 106
Colonies and Empires......Page 108
From Round Table to Board Table......Page 110
Reinvesting the Loot......Page 112
Landed Gentry......Page 113
Textile Colonial-Imperialism......Page 116
India Is Conquered by the Mechanics......Page 117
Solving the Problem of Supply......Page 119
The Americans Are Put on Notice......Page 121
Hamilton, Jefferson, and Tench Coxe Respond to William Pitt......Page 123
Jefferson and the Cotton Business......Page 125
Slaves as Cash Crop......Page 126
The Millers Send Out Their Salesmen......Page 128
Independence?......Page 130
The British and the Plantocracy......Page 132
PART THREE: Resistance to the Plantation System......Page 134
McGillivray......Page 138
Mixed People and Mixed Motives......Page 140
Indian Statehood......Page 142
McGillivray’s Nationality......Page 144
McGillivray and Washington......Page 146
Resisters, Assisters, and Lost Causes......Page 148
Scots, Blacks, and Seminoles......Page 149
The Firm......Page 150
The Valences Shift......Page 155
William Augustus Bowles—The Second Act......Page 156
Bowles and Ellicott......Page 158
“Execute Him on the Spot”......Page 160
The Fox Is Run to Earth......Page 161
Deerskins, Rum, and Land......Page 163
Indian Yeomen and Governor Sargent’s Lost Cause......Page 166
Yankee Yeomen......Page 168
Jeffersonian Strategy and Jeffersonian Agents......Page 171
Jefferson and Wilkinson......Page 173
Wilkinson’s Clients......Page 175
The Firm Adapts and Collects......Page 176
Wilkinson, Forbes, and Dearborn......Page 179
Debt for Land......Page 180
The Accounts of Silas Dinsmoor......Page 182
The Firm Wraps Things Up......Page 183
Andrew Jackson Takes Charge, with Some Help from Benjamin Hawkins......Page 185
Fulwar Skipwith in Context......Page 192
Skipwith the Jeffersonian......Page 194
Toussaint’s Yeoman Republic......Page 195
The Career of Fulwar Skipwith......Page 197
The Quasi War and Spoliation......Page 199
James Monroe’s First Mission to France......Page 200
Skipwith, the Livingstons, and Louisiana Cotton......Page 202
The Chancellor, Indolent Maroons, and Thomas Sumter......Page 205
Mister Sumter Is Shocked......Page 206
The Third Article......Page 207
Skipwith and the Floridas......Page 208
Consul Skipwith Goes to Jail......Page 211
Destiny by Intention......Page 212
The Adventures of George Mathews......Page 214
War, Commerce, and Race......Page 216
Assisters and Resisters......Page 218
The Green Flag of Florida......Page 220
The Third Opportunity Reconsidered......Page 224
The Hillhouse Debates......Page 229
Out of the Hills......Page 236
The Kemper Outrage......Page 240
1809–1810......Page 241
Skipwith and Randolph......Page 243
Complexities in Baton Rouge......Page 245
Skipwith at Bay......Page 247
Haiti Again......Page 248
Skipwith’s Florida......Page 251
The Jeffersonian Legacy: The Civil War and the Homestead Act......Page 254
Statesmanship and Self-Deception......Page 255
Final Thoughts......Page 258
The Economics of Land Use......Page 261
Jefferson, Madison, Adam Smith, and the Chesapeake Cities......Page 264
The Romans, Armed Occupation, and the Homestead Act......Page 267
Jefferson and the Ordinances of 1784 and 1787–89......Page 268
Debt and Land......Page 270
Jefferson’s Doctrine of Usufruct......Page 271
Creeks, Seminoles, and Numbers......Page 274
The Livingstons and West Florida......Page 276
The Claiborne-Clark Duel......Page 277
Fulwar Skipwith and Andrew Jackson......Page 279
Notes......Page 281
Bibliographic Note......Page 326
Bibliography......Page 331
B......Page 355
C......Page 356
E......Page 358
F......Page 359
I......Page 360
L......Page 361
M......Page 362
O......Page 364
P......Page 365
S......Page 366
T......Page 367
W......Page 368
Z......Page 369