Mosby's drug guide for nursing students

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	MOSBY’S DRUG GUIDE for NURSING STUDENTS
Copyright
Consultants
Preface
	NEW FEATURES
	NEW FACTS
	ORGANIZATION
		Individual Drug Monographs
		High-alert status:
		“Tall Man” lettering:
		Pronunciation:
		Rx, OTC:
		Functional and chemical classifications:
		Do not confuse:
		Action:
		Therapeutic outcome:
		Uses:
		Unlabeled uses:
		Dosages and routes:
		Available forms:
		Adverse effects:
		Contraindications:
		Precautions:
		Black Box Warnings:
		Pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics:
		Interactions:
		Nursing considerations:
		Compatibilities:
		Treatment of overdose:
		Drug Categories
		Appendixes
		Selected new drugs:
		Ophthalmic, nasal, topical, and otic products:
		Vaccines and toxoids:
		Abbreviations:
		Immunization schedules:
		Standard Precautions:
		Illustrated mechanisms and sites of action:
		Photo atlas of drug administration:
		Common Herbs
Table of Contents
A
B
C
	CALCIUM SALTS
	CEPHALOSPORINS—1ST GENERATION
	CEPHALOSPORINS—2ND GENERATION
	CEPHALOSPORINS—3RD/4TH GENERATION
	CONTRACEPTIVES, HORMONAL
		MONOPHASIC, ORAL
			ethinyl estradiol/desogestrel (Rx)
			ethinyl estradiol/drospirenone (Rx)
			ethinyl estradiol/ethynodiol (Rx)
			ethinyl estradiol/levonorgestrel (Rx)
			ethinyl estradiol/norethindrone (Rx)
			ethinyl estradiol/norgestimate (Rx)
			ethinyl estradiol/norgestrel (Rx)
			mestranol/norethindrone (Rx)
		BIPHASIC, ORAL
			ethinyl estradiol/norethindrone (Rx)
		TRIPHASIC, ORAL
			ethinyl estradiol/desogestrel (Rx)
			ethinyl estradiol/norethindrone (Rx)
			ethinyl estradiol/norgestimate (Rx)
			ethinyl estradiol/levonorgestrel (Rx)
			fourphasic, oral estradiol valerate/dienogest
		FOURPHASIC, ORAL
		EXTENDED CYCLE, ORAL
			ethinyl estradiol/levonorgestrel (Rx)
		PROGESTIN, ORAL
			norethindrone (Rx)
		PROGRESSIVE ESTROGEN, ORAL
			ethinyl estradiol/norethindrone acetate (Rx)
		EMERGENCY
			levonorgestrel (Rx)
			ulipristal
			medroxyPROGESTERone (Rx)
		INTRAUTERINE
			levonorgestrel (Rx)
		IMPLANT
			etonogestrel (Rx)
		VAGINAL RING
			ethinyl estradiol/etonogestrel (Rx)
		TRANSDERMAL
			ethinyl estradiol/norelgestromin (Rx)
D
E
	ERYTHROMYCIN
		erythromycin base (Rx)
		erythromycin ethylsuccinate (Rx)
		erythromycin lactobionate (Rx)
		erythromycin stearate (Rx)
		erythromycin (topical)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
			TREATMENT OF OVERDOSE:
		erythromycin ophthalmic
		erythromycin topical
		escitalopram (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
				CNS:
				CV:
				GI:
				GU:
				INTEG:
				SYST:
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		esmolol (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
			TREATMENT OF OVERDOSE:
		esomeprazole (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		estradiol (Rx)
		estradiol cypionate (Rx)
		estradiol topical emulsion (Rx)
		estradiol valerate (Rx)
		estradiol transdermal system (Rx)
		estradiol transdermal spray (Rx)
		estradiol vaginal tablet (Rx)
		estradiol vaginal ring (Rx)
		estradiol gel (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		estrogens, conjugated, equine
		estrogens, conjugated (Rx)(synthetic A)
		estrogens, conjugated (synthetic B) (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
				Estrogens, conjugated
					Menopause
					Prevention of osteoporosis
					Atrophic vaginitis
					Prostatic cancer
					Advanced inoperable breast cancer
					Abnormal uterine bleeding
					Castration/primary ovarian failure
					Hypogonadism
				Estrogens, conjugated synthetic B
					Menopause
					Available forms:
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		eszopiclone (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		etanercept (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		etelcalcetide
			USES:
			Dosage and routes
		ethambutol (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		etodolac (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		everolimus (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		evolocumab (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		exemestane (Rx)
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
		exenatide (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		ezetimibe (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
F
G
H
I
	INSULINS
	RAPID ACTING
		insulin aspart (Rx)
		insulin glulisine (Rx)
		insulin (Human)
		insulin lispro (Rx)
	SHORT ACTING
		insulin, regular (OTC)
		insulin, regular concentrated (Rx)
	INTERMEDIATE ACTING
		insulin, isophane suspension (NPH) (OTC)
	LONG ACTING
		insulin degludec
		insulin detemir (Rx)
		insulin glargine (Rx)
	MIXTURES
		insulin degludec, insulin aspart
		insulin, isophane suspension and regular insulin (Rx)
		isophane insulin suspension (NPH) and insulin mixtures (Rx)
		NPH/regular insulin mixture
		insulin lispro mixture (Rx)
		insulin aspart mixture (Rx)
		insulin, inhaled
			ACTION:
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
				Insulin glulisine
				Insulin aspart
				Insulin lispro
				Human regular
					Insulin, isophane suspension
				insulin degludec
				Insulin detemir
				Insulin glargine
				Insulin, inhaled
				Regular insulin (ketoacidosis)
				Replacement
					Available forms:
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
			TREATMENT OF OVERDOSE:
K
L
M
N
O
P
	PENICILLINS
		penicillin G benzathine (Rx)
		penicillin G Potassium (Rx)
		penicillin G procaine (Rx)
		penicillin G Sodium (Rx)
		penicillin V (Rx)
		pentamidine (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		perampanel
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS:
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
		perindopril (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS:
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
			TREATMENT OF OVERDOSE:
		permethrin
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS:
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
		pertuzumab
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		phenazopyridine (Rx, OTC)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS:
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
			TREATMENT OF OVERDOSE:
		PHENobarbital (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS:
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
			TREATMENT OF OVERDOSE:
		phenylephrine (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		phenylephrine nasal agent
		phenylephrine ophthalmic
		phenytoin (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		phosphate/bisphosphate
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS:
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
		physostigmine ophthalmic
		phytonadione (vit K1) (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		pilocarpine ophthalmic
		pilocarpine (oral)
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS:
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
		pimavanserin
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
				Assessment
				Patient problem
				Implementation:
			PATIENT/FAMILY EDUCATION
		pimecrolimus topical
		pioglitazone (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		piperacillin/tazobactam (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
			TREATMENT OF ANAPHYLAXIS:
		pitavastatin (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		plazomicin
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATIONS:
			PRECAUTIONS:
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		plecanatide
			ACTION:
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS:
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			SIDE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		polyethylene glycol
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATION:
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
		posaconazole (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		potassium/sodium phosphates
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS:
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
		potassium acetate/potassium bicarbonate (Rx, OTC)
		potassium bicarbonate potassium chloride (Rx, OTC)
		potassium bicarbonate/potassium citrate (Rx, OTC)
		potassium chloride (Rx, OTC)
		potassium gluconate (Rx, OTC)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		pramipexole (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		pramoxine topical
		prasugrel (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		pravastatin (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		prazosin (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
			TREATMENT OF OVERDOSE:
		prednisoLONE (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		prednisoLONE ophthalmic
		predniSONE (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
				Most Uses
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		pregabalin (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
			TREATMENT OF OVERDOSE:
		prochlorperazine (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
			TREATMENT OF OVERDOSE:
		progesterone (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		promethazine (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		proparacaine ophthalmic
		propofol (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
			TREATMENT OF OVERDOSE:
		propranolol (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
			TREATMENT OF OVERDOSE:
		propylthiouracil (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		protamine (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATION
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		pseudoephedrine (OTC)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		pyrazinamide (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			CONTRAINDICATIONS:
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
		pyridostigmine (Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATIONS
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
			TREATMENT OF OVERDOSE:
		pyridoxine (vitamin B6) (OTC, Rx)
			ACTION:
			USES:
			Pharmacokinetics
			Pharmacodynamics
			CONTRAINDICATION
			DOSAGE AND ROUTES
			ADVERSE EFFECTS
			INTERACTIONS
			NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
Z
Drug categories
Appendix A Selected new drugs
	aclidinium/formoterol (Rx)
	alpelisib
	brexanolone (Rx) (REMS)
	caplacizumab (Rx)
	cladribine (Rx)
	darolutamide (Rx)
	diroximel
	dolutegravir/lamivudine
	entrectinib (Rx)
	erdafitinib (Rx)
	esketamine (Rx)
	fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan-nxki
	fedratinib (Rx)
	istradefylline (Rx)
	lasmiditan
	Lumateperone
	meropenem/vaborbactam (Rx)
	pexidartinib (Rx)
	polatuzumab vedotin (Rx)
	ramucirumab
	ravulizumab
	risankizumab (Rx)
	romosozumab-aqqg (Rx)
	selinexor
	solriamfetol (Rx)
	tenapanor
	ubrogepant
	upadacitinib (Rx)
Appendix B Ophthalmic, nasal, topical, and otic products
	OPHTHALMIC PRODUCTS
		ANESTHETICS
			lidocaine (Rx)
			proparacaine (Rx)
			tetracaine (Rx)
		ANTIHISTAMINES
			alcaftadine
			azelastine (Rx)
			cetirizine (Rx)
			emedastine (Rx)
			epinastine (Rx)
			ketotifen (Rx, OTC)
			levocabastine (Rx)
			olopatadine (Rx)
		ANTIINFECTIVES
			azithromycin (Rx)
			besifloxacin (Rx)
			ciprofloxacin (Rx)
			erythromycin (Rx)
			ganciclovir (Rx)
			gatifloxacin (Rx)
			gentamicin (Rx)
			levofloxacin (Rx)
			moxifloxacin (Rx)
			natamycin (Rx)
			ofloxacin (Rx)
			silver nitrate 1% (Rx)
			silver nitrate
			sulfacetamide sodium (Rx)
			tobramycin (Rx)
			trifluridine (Rx)
		β-ADRENERGIC BLOCKERS
			betaxolol (Rx)
			carteolol (Rx)
			levobetaxolol (Rx)
			levobunolol (Rx)
			metipranolol (Rx)
			timolol (Rx)
		CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS
			brinzolamide (Rx)
			dorzolamide (Rx)
		CHOLINERGICS
			(Direct-acting)
			acetylcholine (Rx)
			carbachol (Rx)
			pilocarpine (Rx)
		CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS
			physostigmine (Rx)
		CORTICOSTEROIDS
			dexamethasone (Rx)
			fluorometholone (Rx)
			loteprednol (Rx)
			prednisoLONE (Rx)
			rimexolone (Rx)
		MYDRIATICS
			atropine (Rx)
			cyclopentolate (Rx)
			homatropine (Rx)
			phenylephrine (OTC)
		NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORIES
			bromfenac (Rx)
			diclofenac (Rx)
			flurbiprofen (Rx)
			ketorolac (Rx)
			nepafenac (Rx)
		SYMPATHOMIMETICS
			apraclonidine (Rx)
			brimonidine (Rx)
			latanoprostene bunod (Rx)
		OPHTHALMIC DECONGESTANTS/VASOCONSTRICTORS
			lodoxamide
			naphazoline (Rx, OTC)
			oxymetazoline (Rx)
			tetrahydrozoline (OTC)
		MISCELLANEOUS OPHTHALMICS
			bimatoprost (Rx)
			latanoprost (Rx)
			travoprost (Rx)
			unoprostone (Rx)
	β-ADRENERGIC BLOCKERS
	ANESTHETICS
	ANTIINFECTIVES
	ANTIINFLAMMATORIES
	CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITOR
	DIRECT-ACTING MIOTIC
	NASAL AGENTS
		NASAL ANTIHISTAMINES
			olopatadine (Rx)
		NASAL DECONGESTANTS
			azelastine (Rx)
			EPINEPHrine (OTC)
			oxymetazoline (OTC)
			phenylephrine (OTC)
			tetrahydrozoline (OTC)
		NASAL STEROIDS
			beclomethasone (Rx)
			budesonide (Rx)
			flunisolide (Rx)
			fluticasone (Rx)
			triamcinolone (Rx)
		NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY
			ketorolac (Rx)
	TOPICAL GLUCOCORTICOIDS
	TOPICAL ANTIFUNGALS
	TOPICAL ANTIINFECTIVES
	TOPICAL ANTIVIRALS
	TOPICAL ANESTHETICS
	TOPICAL MISCELLANEOUS
	VAGINAL ANTIFUNGALS
	OTIC ANTIINFECTIVES
Appendix C Vaccines and toxoids
Appendix D Abbreviations
Appendix E Immunization schedules
Appendix F Standard precautions
Appendix G Illustrated mechanisms and sites of action
Appendix H Photo atlas of drug administration
Appendix I Common herbs
Index
Safe medication administration guide
Nomogram for Calculation of Body Surface Area
Syringe Compatibility