Molecular Materials (Inorganic Materials Series)

Molecular Materials......Page 1
Contents......Page 7
Inorganic Materials Series Preface......Page 11
Preface......Page 13
List of Contributors......Page 15
1.1 Introduction......Page 17
1.2.1 Introduction to Nonlinear Molecular Materials......Page 18
1.2.2 Molecular Engineering of Quadratic NLO Chromophores......Page 20
1.2.3 Experimental Measurements of Second-Order NLO Activities......Page 23
1.3.1 Metal Complexes as Donor Groups......Page 25
1.3.2 Metal Complexes as Acceptor Groups......Page 33
1.3.3 Bimetallic Push–Pull Complexes......Page 38
1.3.4 Metal Complexes as -Conjugated Bridges......Page 41
1.4.1 Metal as Peripheral Donor (or Acceptor) Substituent......Page 47
1.4.2 Metal as Template......Page 48
1.4.3 Conformational Studies Using Second-Order NLO Activity Measurements......Page 55
1.5 Switching Optical Nonlinearities of Metal Complexes......Page 56
1.5.1 Redox Switching of Quadratic Nonlinearities......Page 57
1.5.2 Acid/Base Switching of Quadratic Nonlinearities......Page 60
1.5.3 Photoswitching of Quadratic Nonlinearities......Page 62
1.6.1 Supramolecular Octupolar Self-Ordering Within Metallodendrimers......Page 64
1.6.2 Engineering of NLO-Active Crystals......Page 66
1.7 Conclusions......Page 68
References......Page 69
2.1 Introduction......Page 77
2.2 Overview of Mesophases......Page 78
2.3.1 Birefringence......Page 84
2.3.2 Light Absorption and Colour......Page 85
2.3.3 Luminescence......Page 92
2.3.4 Nonlinear Optical Properties......Page 112
2.4.1 Electrical Conductivity......Page 116
2.4.3 Electrochromism......Page 122
2.4.4 Ferroelectricity......Page 124
2.5.1 Magnetic Anisotropy and Alignment in External Magnetic Fields......Page 126
2.5.2 Spin-Crossover Phenomena......Page 140
2.5.3 Single Molecule Magnets......Page 146
2.6 Conclusions......Page 148
References......Page 149
3.1 Introduction......Page 159
3.1.1 History of Measurements......Page 162
3.2.1 Magnetisation and Susceptibility......Page 163
3.2.2 The Curie and Curie–Weiss Laws......Page 165
3.2.3 Other Measurements......Page 171
3.2.4 Orbital Angular Momentum......Page 172
3.3 The Van Vleck Equation......Page 179
3.3.1 Application of the Van Vleck Formula to an Isolated, Spin-Only Metal Complex......Page 180
3.3.2 Deviations from the Curie Law: Zero-Field Splitting......Page 181
3.3.3 Exchange Coupling......Page 183
3.4 Dimensionality of Magnetic Systems......Page 188
3.4.2 Mean or Molecular Field Approximation in Any Dimension and Any Value of S......Page 189
3.4.3 One-Dimensional Systems......Page 190
3.4.4 Two-Dimensional Magnetic Materials......Page 196
3.4.5 Three-Dimensional Magnetic Materials......Page 199
3.5.1 Bistable and Switchable Magnetic Materials......Page 205
3.5.2 Multifunctional Magnetic Materials......Page 212
3.6 Conclusions......Page 220
References......Page 221
4.1 Introduction......Page 227
4.2.1 From Molecules to Conductors and Superconductors......Page 229
4.2.2 Organic Metals and Superconductors......Page 232
4.2.3 Transition Metal Complex-Based Conducting Systems......Page 241
4.3.1 Synthesis of Metal Bis-Dithiolene Complexes......Page 252
4.3.2 Synthesis of Conductors and Superconductors Based on Metal Bis-Dithiolene Complexes......Page 254
4.3.3 Superconductors Based on [M(dmit)2] Complexes......Page 259
4.3.4 Conductors Based on Neutral Metal Bis-Dithiolene Complexes......Page 265
4.4.1 Processing Methods......Page 268
4.4.2 Films and Nanowires of Molecular Inorganic Conductors......Page 272
4.5 Conclusions......Page 283
References......Page 285
5.1 Introduction......Page 297
5.2 A Very Brief Introduction to Magnetochemistry......Page 299
5.3.1 Magnetometry......Page 304
5.3.2 AC Magnetometry......Page 307
5.3.4 Specific Heat......Page 308
5.3.5 Torque Magnetometry......Page 310
5.3.6 Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy......Page 311
5.3.7 Inelastic Neutron Scattering (INS)......Page 313
5.3.8 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy......Page 315
5.4.1 Physics of Single Molecule Magnets......Page 316
5.4.2 Chemistry of Single Molecule Magnets......Page 331
5.5.1 Monometallic SMMs......Page 338
5.5.2 Molecular Spintronics......Page 341
5.5.3 Quantum Information Processing......Page 344
5.5.4 Antiferromagnetic (AF) Rings and Chains......Page 348
5.5.5 Magnetocaloric Effect......Page 350
5.5.6 High Symmetry Polyhedra and Spin Frustration......Page 352
5.5.7 Single Chain Magnets......Page 356
References......Page 358
Index......Page 365