Modern Saudi Arabia

Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Contents
Series Foreword
Introduction
Chapter 1: Geography
	Overview
		Asir
		Border Demarcations and Disputes
		Climate
		Eastern Arabia: Al-Hasa
		Environmental Issues after the Gulf War
		Fresh Water Reserves and Water Conservancy
		Great Deserts
		Hijaz and Tihamah
		Jeddah
		Mecca
		Medina
		Najd: Central Arabia
		Northern Arabia
		The Persian Gulf
		Population
		The Red Sea
		Riyadh
Chapter 2: History
	Overview
	Timeline
		The Abbasids
		Arab Revolt (1916–1918)
		Discovery of Oil
		Emirate of Diriyah: The First Saudi State (1744–1818)
		Emirate of Najd: The Second Saudi State (1824–1891)
		The Golden Age of Islam in Arabia
		Ibn Saud
		Ikhwan
		King Abdullah
		The Mamluks and the Ottomans in Arabia
		Muhammad, Prophet of Islam
		Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab
		Nabateans
		Najran
		Pre-Islamic Arabia
		Rashidun: The Righteous Caliphs
		The Rise of Islam
		Sharifs of Mecca
		Third Saudi State: Saudi Arabia in the 20th Century
		The Umayyads
Chapter 3: Government and Politics
	Overview
		The Arab Spring
		Capital and Corporal Punishment
		Constitution and Legal Reform
		Corruption
		Gulf Cooperation Council
		Human Rights and Censorship
		Law Enforcement and Security
		Local Government and Municipal Elections
		Military
		Political Dissent and Opposition
		Political Reform and Modernization
		Saudi Monarchy and Branches of the Government
		Saudi–U.S. Relations
		Sharia Law and Judicial System
		Ulama
		Wahhabi Ideology
Chapter 4: Economy
	Overview
		Agriculture
		Diversification and Development Plans
		Energy
		Financial Institutions and Saudi Riyal
		Land and Household Policy
		Migrant Workers and Unemployment
		Oil Industry and Aramco
		OPEC and OAPEC
		Petrochemical Industry
		Public vs. Private Sectors
		Saudization
		Science and Technology
		Taxation
		Tourism
		Trade and Exports
		Transportation
		Vision 2030
Chapter 5: Religion and Thought
	Overview
		Five Pillars or the Tenets of Islam
		Hajj
		Islamic Calendar
		Jihad
		Non-Muslims
		Quran
		Shia Community
		Shia Islam
		Sunni Islam and Jurisprudence
Chapter 6: Social Classes and Ethnicity
	Overview
		Bedouins and Nomadism
		Ethnic Composition
		Health and Welfare
		House of Saud
		Major Tribes
		Settled Population: Hadar
		Sharif and Sayyid
		Sulubbah
		Urbanization
Chapter 7: Gender, Marriage, and Sexuality
	Overview
		Divorce
		Domestic Violence
		Gender Segregation
		Guardianship
		Hijab and Dress Code
		Identity Cards
		Marriage Law and Tradition
		The Mutawwa: Saudi Religious Police
		Parents and Children
		Social Life, Kinship, and Friendships
		Traditional Wedding
		Women in Public Office
		Women’s Mobility and Driving Ban
Chapter 8: Education
	Overview
		Education of Women
		Higher Education
		International Schools
		Islamic Education
		Key Universities
		Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University
		Secondary Education
Chapter 9: Language
	Overview
		Arabic Alphabet and Script
		Arabic Calligraphy
		Arabic Dialects
		Dialect of Hijaz
		Dialect of Najdi
		Gulf Arabic and Minority Languages
Chapter 10: Etiquette
	Overview
		Death Rites
		Dress Etiquette
		Honor
		Majlis
		Social Life
		Workweek and Holidays
Chapter 11: Literature
	Overview
		Abdelrahman Munif
		Ghazi al-Gosaibi
		Poetry
		Prose
		Raja Alem
		Turki al-Hamad
		Women Writers
Chapter 12: Art and Architecture
	Overview
		Abraj al-Bait
		Bedouin Jewelry
		Calligraphic Art
		Contemporary Art
		Great Mosque of Mecca
		Modernization of Saudi Architecture
		Sadu Weaving
		Traditional Architecture
		Traditional Garments
Chapter 13: Music and Dance
	Overview
		Ardha Dance
		Bedouin Music
		Contemporary Saudi and Khaliji Music
		Janadiriyah Heritage and Cultural Festival
		Music of Hijaz and Asir
		Religious Music
		Sawt Music
		Traditional Instruments
		Wedding Music and Dance
Chapter 14: Food
	Overview
		Arabic Coffee, Tea, and Other Traditional Beverages
		Islamic Dietary Laws
		Kabsah
		Traditional Foods and Regional Variations
Chapter 15: Leisure and Sports
	Overview
		Camel Racing
		Falconry
		Golf
		Horse Racing
		Maqha: Traditional Coffeehouse
		Popular Consumerism
		Soccer
		Women in Sports
Chapter 16: Media and Popular Culture
	Overview
		Cinema
		Freedom of Speech
		Government Censorship
		Internet and Social Media
		Printed Press
		Television
		Tradition vs. Globalization
Appendix A: A Day in the Life
	A Day in the Life of a Young Professional Woman
	A Day in the Life of a Bedouin
	A Day in the Life of a Rural Widow
	A Day in the Life of a Young Urban Man
Appendix B: Glossary of Key Terms
Appendix C: Facts and Figures
Appendix D: Holidays
Selected Bibliography
Index