Modern Raman spectroscopy: A practical approach

Modern Raman Spectroscopy – A Practical Approach......Page 4
Contents......Page 8
Preface......Page 12
Acknowledgements......Page 14
1.1 Introduction......Page 16
1.2 Basic Theory......Page 17
1.3 Molecular Vibrations......Page 23
1.4 Summary......Page 35
2.1 Introduction......Page 38
2.3 Visible Excitation......Page 39
2.4 NIR Excitation......Page 45
2.5 Raman Sample Preparation and Handling......Page 46
2.6 Sample Mounting Accessories......Page 56
2.7 Microscopy......Page 60
2.8 Calibration......Page 66
2.9 Data Handling, Manipulation and Quantitation......Page 68
2.10 Approach to Qualitative Interpretation......Page 76
2.11 Summary......Page 82
3.1 Introduction......Page 86
3.2 Absorption and Scattering......Page 87
3.3 States of a System and Hooke’s Law......Page 89
3.4 The Nature of Polarizability and the Measurement of Polarization......Page 91
3.6 Number and Symmetry of Vibrations......Page 95
3.7 Symmetry Elements and Point Groups......Page 97
3.9 The Kramer Heisenberg Dirac Expression......Page 101
3.10 Lattice Modes......Page 105
3.11 Conclusions......Page 106
4.1 Introduction......Page 108
4.2 Theoretical Aspects......Page 109
4.3 Practical Aspects......Page 116
4.4 Examples of the Use of Resonance Raman Scattering......Page 118
4.5 Conclusions......Page 127
5.1 Introduction......Page 128
5.2 Theory......Page 131
5.3 Electromagnetic and Charge Transfer Enhancement......Page 132
5.4 Selection Rules......Page 136
5.5 Applications of SERS......Page 137
5.6 Applications of SERRS......Page 141
5.7 The Basic Method......Page 142
6.2 Inorganics and Minerals......Page 150
6.4 Polymers and Emulsions......Page 158
6.5 Colour......Page 164
6.6 Electronics Applications......Page 173
6.7 Biological and Pharmaceutical Applications......Page 175
6.8 Forensic Applications......Page 181
6.9 Plant Control and Reaction Following......Page 182
6.10 Summary......Page 187
CHAPTER 7 MORE ADVANCED RAMAN SCATTERING TECHNIQUES......Page 196
7.1 Flexible Optics......Page 197
7.2 Tuneable Lasers, Frequency Doubling and Pulsed Lasers......Page 202
7.3 Spatially Resolved Systems......Page 204
7.4 Nonlinear Raman Spectroscopy......Page 206
7.5 Time Resolved Scattering......Page 211
7.6 Raman Optical Activity......Page 213
7.7 UV Excitation......Page 214
7.8 Conclusions......Page 216
Index......Page 218