Modern Batteries: An Introduction to Electrochemical Power Sources, 2nd Edition

Front Cover......Page 1
MODERN BATTERIES: An Introduction Electrochemical to Power Sources......Page 4
Copyright Page......Page 5
Contents......Page 6
Preface to the second edition......Page 10
Preface to the first edition......Page 12
1.1 Electrochemical power sources......Page 14
1.2 Nomenclature......Page 16
1.3 The renaissance in battery development......Page 17
1.4 A survey of common battery types and applications......Page 18
1.5 Conclusions......Page 29
2.1 Introduction......Page 31
2.2 The electrical double layer and the formation of electric potentials at interfaces......Page 33
2.3 Thermodynamics of galvanic cells......Page 37
2.4 Current flow in an electrochemical cell......Page 50
2.5 Battery characteristics and performance criteria......Page 68
3.1 Introduction......Page 78
3.2 Leclanché cells......Page 79
3.3 Zinc chloride cells......Page 96
3.4 Alkaline manganese cells......Page 97
3.5 Aluminium- and magnesium-based Leclanché cells......Page 102
3.6 Zinc–mercuric oxide, cadmium–mercuric oxide, zinc–silver oxide and related systems......Page 104
3.7 Metal–air batteries......Page 111
3.8 Magnesium reserve batteries......Page 116
4.1 Introduction......Page 119
4.2 Electrolytes......Page 122
4.3 The lithium anode in primary cells......Page 126
4.4 Cathode materials and lithium primary cells......Page 130
5.2 The lead-acid cell......Page 155
5.3 Positive electrodes......Page 158
5.4 Negative electrodes......Page 161
5.5 Battery construction......Page 163
5.6 Performance and applications......Page 166
6.2 Cadmium–nickel oxide cells......Page 175
6.3 Metal hydride–nickel oxide cells......Page 190
6.4 Zinc–manganese dioxide cells......Page 194
6.5 Iron–nickel oxide cells......Page 200
6.6 Zinc–nickel oxide cells......Page 203
6.7 Zinc–silver oxide and related cells......Page 206
7.1 Introduction......Page 211
7.2 Negative electrodes......Page 215
7.3 Positive electrodes......Page 220
7.4 Electrolytes......Page 230
7.5 Organic solvent-based practical cells......Page 235
7.6 Polymer-based practical cells......Page 243
7.7 Plastic lithium ion (PLI) batteries......Page 253
8.1 Introduction......Page 256
8.2 Negative electrodes......Page 257
8.3 Electrolytes......Page 260
8.4 High temperature lithium batteries......Page 266
8.5 High temperature sodium batteries......Page 273
9.1 Solid state cells......Page 288
9.2 Secondary hybrid cells......Page 303
9.3 Redox cells......Page 313
9.4 Thermal batteries......Page 315
9.5 Supercapacitors......Page 318
Appendix 1. Operational modes and charging techniques for secondary batteries......Page 324
Appendix 2. Nomenclature and standardization systems for small cells and batteries......Page 329
Appendix 3. Waste disposal and the recycling of batteries......Page 331
Appendix 4. Electrical quantities, physical constants and conversion factors......Page 336
Bibliography......Page 339
Glossary......Page 346
Index......Page 354