Mobile and Ubiquitous Systems: Computing, Networking and Services: 18th EAI International Conference, MobiQuitous 2021, Virtual Event, November 8-11, ... and Telecommunications Engineering, 419)

Preface
Conference Organization
Contents
MobiQuitous 2021
Event Detection and Event-Relevant Tweet Extraction with Human Mobility
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Event Detection
		2.2 Understanding Events with Event-Relevant Tweets
	3 Proposed Method
		3.1 Event Detection from Smartphone GPS Data
		3.2 Event-Relevant Tweet Extraction
	4 Experiments
		4.1 Datasets
		4.2 Experiment-I: Event Detection Experiment
		4.3 Experiment-II: Event-Relevant Tweet Extraction Experiment
	5 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Design of Room-Layout Estimator Using Smart Speaker
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Room-Layout Estimator for Smart Speaker
		3.1 Approach
		3.2 Assumptions
		3.3 Design Overview
		3.4 Sound Mapper
		3.5 Sound Source Divider
		3.6 Room-Direction Estimator
		3.7 Room-Type Estimator
	4 Evaluation
		4.1 Experiment Setup
		4.2 Room-Direction Estimation Performance
		4.3 Room-Type Estimation Performance
	5 Conclusion
	References
Dynamic Taxi Ride-Sharing Through Adaptive Request Propagation Using Regional Taxi Demand and Supply
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 System Model and Assumptions
		3.1 Generating Adaptive Transmission Range
		3.2 Practical Assumptions
	4 Algorithm for Taxi Ride-Sharing Using Adaptive Transmission Range
		4.1 Algorithm at Passenger-End
		4.2 Algorithm at Tx-Server-end
		4.3 Algorithm at Taxi-End
	5 Spatio-Temporal Passenger Demand and Taxi Supply Analysis
	6 Performance Evaluation
		6.1 Simulation Setup
		6.2 Performance Metrics
		6.3 Area Types
		6.4 Evaluation Results and Analysis
	7 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Exploring the Challenges of Using Food Journaling Apps: A Case-study with Young Adults
	1 Introduction
	2 Background and Related Work
		2.1 Digital Health Monitor: Key Functionalities
		2.2 Self-reporting Based Tracking Approaches
		2.3 Automated Tracking Approaches
	3 Study I: Web-Based Survey
		3.1 Survey Design
		3.2 Study Procedure
		3.3 Findings
		3.4 Lessons Learnt (Key Takeaways)
	4 Study II: Case Study with MyFitnessPal Application
		4.1 Methods
		4.2 Understanding the Usability of the Digital Health Monitoring App
		4.3 Data Logging Frequency
		4.4 Thematic Analysis of Qualitative Data
		4.5 Lessons Learnt (Key Takeaways)
	5 Discussion
		5.1 Improving User Interface
		5.2 Improving Food Database and Searching Strategy
		5.3 Estimating Serving Size and Nutrient Values
		5.4 Improving Reminder Service and User Engagement
		5.5 Efficient Activity Tracking
		5.6 Limitations
	6 Conclusion
	References
Fine-Grained Respiration Monitoring During Overnight Sleep Using IR-UWB Radar
	1 Introduction
	2 Preliminary Study: Analyzing IR-UWB Signals for Sensing Respiration
	3 Our Respiration Monitoring Prototype
		3.1 Overview
		3.2 Identifying Respiration Detectable Waveform
		3.3 Estimating Respiration Depth
		3.4 Capturing Respiration Patterns
	4 Evaluation
		4.1 Experimental Setup
		4.2 Overnight Respiration Detection Performance
		4.3 Fine-Grained Respiration Detection Performance
	5 Related Work
	6 Conclusion
	References
Teledrive: A Multi-masterHybrid Mobile Telerobotics System with Federated AvatarControl
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Motivation
		1.2 WebRTC in Telerobotics
		1.3 Salient Contribution and Organization of the Paper
	2 System Architecture
		2.1 Generic Architecture
		2.2 Protocol for the Hybrid Topology
	3 Deployment and Test-Bed
	4 Experiments, Results and Analysis
		4.1 On Network Aspects
		4.2 On Visual Aspects
	5 Analysis on the State-of-the-Art
	6 Conclusion
	References
Is This IoT Device Likely to Be Secure? Risk Score Prediction for IoT Devices Using Gradient Boosting Machines
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Inception of Risk Score Prediction Through Ensemble Models
		3.1 Dataset, Data Transformation, Models and Evaluation Metrics
	4 Experiments and Results
		4.1 Experimental Setup
		4.2 Evaluation Results
	5 Discussion and Conclusion
		5.1 Discussion
		5.2 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Optimizing Unlicensed Coexistence Network Performance Through Data Learning
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Motivation
		1.2 Contributions
	2 A Review of Related Works
		2.1 Network Feature Relationships in Dense Networks
		2.2 Optimization Challenges in Dense Networks
	3 Experimental Set-up
		3.1 Testbed Design
		3.2 Experiment Design
	4 Network Feature Relationship Analysis Methodology
		4.1 Learning Algorithms for Relationship Analysis
		4.2 Selection of Regression Models
		4.3 Analytical Methodology
	5 CIR in Dense Unlicensed Coexistence Networks
		5.1 Unlicensed LTE: LTE-U vs LAA
		5.2 Wi-Fi: 802.11n vs 802.11ac
		5.3 Choice of Network Predictor Variable
		5.4 Impact of Bandwidth
	6 NFRs and Dense Network Optimization
		6.1 Network Feature Relationship Based Optimization (NeFRO)
		6.2 Implementation and Validation of NeFRO
		6.3 Optimization Results and Performance Evaluation
	7 Conclusion and Future Direction
	References
One-Shot Wayfinding Method for Blind People via OCR and Arrow Analysis with a 360-Degree Smartphone Camera
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Indoor Navigation and Wayfinding System for Blind People
		2.2 Environment Recognition via Smartphone Camera
	3 Design: One-Shot Wayfinding Method
		3.1 One-Shot Wayfinding Method with 360-Degree Camera
		3.2 Wayfinding Instructions via OCR and Arrow Analysis
	4 Implementation
		4.1 Equirectangular Image Preprocessing
		4.2 Arrow Detection and OCR
		4.3 Arrow Analysis
		4.4 Direction Estimation
		4.5 Process Evaluation
		4.6 User Interface
	5 User Study
		5.1 Experimental Setup
		5.2 Task
		5.3 Procedure
		5.4 Metrics
	6 Results
		6.1 Overall Performance
		6.2 Qualitative System Feedback
	7 Discussion
		7.1 Effectiveness of One-Shot Wayfinding Method
		7.2 Toward More Accurate Wayfinding Systems
		7.3 Future System Design
		7.4 Limitation of Laboratory-Based User Study
	8 Conclusion
	References
WiFi-Based Multi-task Sensing
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 WiFi-Based Sensing
		2.2 Multi-task Learning
		2.3 Knowledge Distillation
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Overview
		3.2 Single-Task Sensing Model
		3.3 Naïve Multi-task Sensing Model
		3.4 Wimuse Model
	4 Experiment
		4.1 Datasets
		4.2 Baselines
		4.3 Comparison
		4.4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
A User-Centric Privacy-Preserving Approach to Control Data Collection, Storage, and Disclosure in Own Smart Home Environments
	1 Introduction
	2 Our Proposed User-Centric Privacy-Preserving Approach
		2.1 Overview of the Entire Privacy-Preserving Model with UCCPs
		2.2 UCCPs for Controlling the Data Collection Process
		2.3 UCCPs for Controlling the Data Disclosure Process
	3 Evaluation
	4 Discussion and Limitations
		4.1 Discussion
		4.2 Limitations
	5 Related Work
	6 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Q-Learning-Based Spatial Reuse Method Considering Throughput Fairness by Negative Reward for High Throughput
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Q-Learning
		2.2 Q-Learning-Based Spatial Reuse Methods
		2.3 Motivation
	3 Proposal
		3.1 System Model
		3.2 Flowchart of the Proposed Method
		3.3 Algorithm for Determing CST and TP
	4 Evaluation
		4.1 Influence of the Variable N for Negative Rewards
		4.2 Comparison with Previous Methods
	5 Conclusions
	References
System Architecture for Autonomous Drone-Based Remote Sensing
	1 Introduction
	2 System Concept and Architecture
	3 Manager
		3.1 Finite State Machine
		3.2 Observers
		3.3 Task Rescheduling and Data Processing
		3.4 System Failures
	4 Mission Executor
	5 Functional Testing
		5.1 Field Setup
		5.2 Simulated Setup
		5.3 User Interface
		5.4 Indicative Test Scenario
	6 Related Work
	7 Conclusion
	References
Adaptive Replica Selection in Mobile Edge Environments
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Replica Management in MEC Systems
		2.2 Replica Selection in Cloud Environments
	3 Replica Ranking in MEC Environments
		3.1 The MECERRA Ranking Algorithm
		3.2 Handling Popularity Bursts on Under-Replicated Data
	4 The Wasabi Framework
		4.1 Overview
		4.2 Server Module
		4.3 Client Module
	5 Experimental Results
		5.1 Experimental Setup
		5.2 Replica Selection
		5.3 Framework Overhead
		5.4 Redirection Mechanism
	6 Conclusion
	References
Generalizing Wireless Ad Hoc Routing for Future Edge Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Routing in Wireless Ad Hoc
		2.1 Route Computation
		2.2 Message Forwarding
	3 Routing Framework for Wireless Ad Hoc Networks
		3.1 Overview
		3.2 Framework Parameters
	4 Experimental Evaluation
		4.1 Experimental Setting
		4.2 Experimental Results
	5 Related Work
	6 Final Remarks
	References
Longitudinal Compliance Analysis of Android Applications with Privacy Policies
	1 Introduction
	2 Dataset and Methodology
		2.1 Dataset
		2.2 Privacy Policy Analysis
		2.3 Static Analysis
		2.4 Dynamic Analysis
		2.5 Compliance Analysis
	3 Analysis and Results
		3.1 Privacy Policy Analysis
		3.2 Analyzing Leakages
		3.3 Compliance Analysis
	4 Discussion
	5 Limitations
	6 Related Work
	7 Concluding Remarks
	8  Appendix
	A  Apps Selection
	B  Date difference
	C  Label Descriptions and Classifiers Performance
	References
Design Validation of a Workplace Stress Management Mobile App for Healthcare Workers During COVID-19 and Beyond
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Design Process
		3.1 Design Specifications
		3.2 Prototyping
		3.3 Application Design
	4 Design Validation Study
		4.1 Methods
		4.2 Study Design
		4.3 Participants
		4.4 Data Analysis
	5 Findings
		5.1 RQ1: Which Features Participants Want to Use for Stress Management?
		5.2 RQ2: What Is Participants\' Feedback on the Proposed Features?
		5.3 RQ3: How Many Participants Are Willing to Use and Accept the Proposed App?
	6 Discussion
	7 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
SEMEO: A Semantic Equivalence Analysis Framework for Obfuscated Android Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Background on Obfuscation Methods
	3 Semeo
		3.1 Step I: Generating Basic Information
		3.2 Step II: Performing Semantic Equivalence Analysis
	4 Empirical Study
		4.1 Objects of Analysis
		4.2 Variables and Measures
		4.3 Study Operation
		4.4 Threats to Validity
		4.5 Results for RQ1
		4.6 Results for RQ2
		4.7 Results for RQ3
	5 Discussion
	6 Additional Studies
		6.1 Applying Semeo on Apps Obfuscated by ProGuard
		6.2 Applying Semeo on Real-World Repackaged Malware
	7 Related Work
	8 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
ReHAna: An Efficient Program Analysis Framework to Uncover Reflective Code in Android
	1 Introduction
	2 Background and Motivation
		2.1 Reflection and Dynamic Code Loading (RDCL)
		2.2 Hybrid Analysis Approaches for Detecting Dynamic Code Loading in Android Apps
	3 Approach
		3.1 Virtual Class-Loader
		3.2 Introducing ReHAna
	4 Evaluation
		4.1 Objects of Analysis
		4.2 Variables and Measures
		4.3 Study Operation
		4.4 Threats to Validity
	5 Results and Analysis
	6 Discussion
	7 Related Work
	8 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
A Route Guidance Method for Vehicles to Improve Driver\'s Experienced Delay Against Traffic Congestion
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Proposed Method
		3.1 Notation
		3.2 Reroute Planning
		3.3 Rerouting Algorithm
	4 Evaluation
		4.1 Method
		4.2 Result
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
A Localization Method Using Reflected Luminance Distribution
	1 Introduction
	2 Luminance Distribution Across the Floor
	3 Proposed Method
		3.1 Frequency Aliasing
		3.2 Relationship Between Distance and RSS
		3.3 Pattern Matching
	4 Implementation Details
		4.1 LED Transmitter
		4.2 Camera Receiver
		4.3 Floor Material
	5 Experimental Evaluation
		5.1 Estimation Using Captured Floor Signals
		5.2 Estimation Using Captured Floor Signals After Shadow Removal
		5.3 Effect of the Number of Blocks Used
	6 Discussion
		6.1 Estimation of Camera Posture
		6.2 Power Consumption
	7 Related Work
	8 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Is Adding More Modalities Better in a Multimodal Spatio-temporal Prediction Scenario? A Case Study on Japan Air Quality
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Research
		2.1 Multi-view Spatio-temporal Network for Taxi Demand Prediction
		2.2 Multimodal Spatio-temporal Network Based on Encoder-Decoder Framework for Air Quality Prediction
		2.3 Deep Distributed Fusion Network for Air Quality Prediction
		2.4 Encoding-Forecasting ConvLSTM Network for Air Quality Interpolation and Prediction
	3 Datasets
	4 Experiments
		4.1 Settings
		4.2 Experiment 1: Prediction Using Usual Model with Either Unimodal or Multimodal Data
		4.3 Experiment 2: Prediction with Multimodal Data Using Recent Spatio-temporal Proposal and Usual Models as Baselines
		4.4 Experiment 3: Prediction with Multimodal Data Using a Modified Version of Recent Spatio-temporal Proposal
	5 Results
		5.1 Prediction Using Usual Model with Either Unimodal or Multimodal Input
		5.2 Prediction with Multimodal Data Using Recent Spatio-temporal Proposal and Usual Models as Baselines
		5.3 Prediction with Multimodal Data Using a Modified Version of Recent Spatio-temporal Proposal
	6 Discussion
	7 Conclusion
	References
Expanding the Positioning Area for Acoustic Localization Using COTS Mobile Devices
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Method
		2.1 Chirp Signals
		2.2 Transmission Scheme
		2.3 Received Signal
		2.4 Group Delay
		2.5 Coherent Averaging
		2.6 TDoA
	3 Experimental Evaluation
		3.1 Experimental Setup
		3.2 Our Proposed Approach
		3.3 Effect of Signal Delay
		3.4 Incoherent vs. Coherent
		3.5 Single Time Slot vs. Three Time Slots
		3.6 Comparison with FDMA-Based Positioning
	4 Discussion
	5 Related Work
		5.1 Indoor Positioning Technologies for Smartphones
		5.2 Acoustic Signal-Based Positioning Systems
	6 Conclusion
	References
Body Part Detection from Neonatal Thermal Images Using Deep Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Data Collection
	3 Proposed Method
		3.1 Overview
		3.2 Classification of Valid Thermal Images
		3.3 Body Part Detection
		3.4 Filtering by Relative Positions
		3.5 Extraction of Neck Temperature
	4 Evaluation
		4.1 Evaluation Settings
		4.2 Binary Classification Performance
		4.3 Body Part Detection Performance
		4.4 Filtering Effect by Decision Tree
		4.5 Usefulness of Extracted Skin Temperature
	5 Conclusion
	References
The MARBLE Dataset: Multi-inhabitant Activities of Daily Living Combining Wearable and Environmental Sensors Data
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 MARBLE: Data Collection Design and Tools
		3.1 Dataset Design
		3.2 Experimental Setup
		3.3 Data Collection
		3.4 Data Annotation
	4 Experimental Evaluation
		4.1 Data Pre-processing
		4.2 Considered Approaches
		4.3 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Comparative Analysis of High- and Low-Performing Factory Workers with Attention-Based Neural Networks
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Background
		1.2 Research Goal
		1.3 Challenges and Approaches
		1.4 Contributions
	2 Related Work
	3 Factory Work Analysis with Attention-Based Network
		3.1 Preliminaries and Overview
		3.2 Network for Comparative Analysis of Factory Work
		3.3 Detecting Corresponding Segments
	4 Evaluation
		4.1 Data Set
		4.2 Evaluation Methodology
		4.3 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Human Localization Using a Single Camera Towards Social Distance Monitoring During Sports
	1 Introduction
	2 Method
		2.1 Overview
		2.2 Homography Transformation
		2.3 Waist Height Correction
	3 Evaluation
		3.1 Evaluation Setting
		3.2 Result
	4 Conclusion
	References
Vehicle Routing for Incremental Collection of Disaster Information Along Streets
	1 Introduction
	2 Small Example
	3 Searching a Good Route
	4 Experimental Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Smartwatch-Based Face-Touch Prediction Using Deep Representational Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 System Overview
	4 The TouchAlert System
		4.1 TouchAlert Sensing Part
		4.2 TouchAlert Learning Part
	5 Conclusion
	References
Radar-Based Gesture Recognition Towards Supporting Communication in Aphasia: The Bedroom Scenario
	1 Introduction
	2 Radar-Based Gesture Recognition System
		2.1 General Architecture
		2.2 First Prototype
	3 Evaluation
	4 First Results
	5 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Wi-Fi CSI-Based Activity Recognition with Adaptive Sampling Rate Selection
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed CSI-Based Activity Recognition Method
		2.1 Overview
		2.2 Activity Recognition Model
		2.3 Sampling Rate Selection Module
	3 Evaluation Experiment
		3.1 Dataset
		3.2 Evaluation Method
		3.3 Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Air Handling Unit Explainability Using Contextual Importance and Utility
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Approach for Explaining the Events in an Air Handling Unit
	3 Performance Analysis
	4 Conclusion
	References
Internet of Robot Things in a Dynamic Environment: Narrative-Based Knowledge Representation and Reasoning
	1 Introduction and Motivation
		1.1 NKRL Vs OWL-SWRL
		1.2 Spatio-Temporal Representation and Semantic Correlation Between Events
		1.3 The Commonsense Reasoning and Evaluations
	2 Conclusion
	References
The First Workshop on Ubiquitous and Multi-domain User Modeling (UMUM2021)
An Empirical Study on News Recommendation in Multiple Domain Settings
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
		2.1 Traditional Methods
		2.2 Deep Learning-Based Methods
		2.3 Question
	3 Proposed Framework
		3.1 Overview
		3.2 Architecture and Procedure
	4 Experiments
		4.1 Base Model
		4.2 Dataset
		4.3 Metrics
		4.4 Performance
	5 Conclusion
	References
Concept Drift Detection with Denoising Autoencoder in Incomplete Data
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Concept Drift Detection in Complete Data
		2.2 Concept Drift Detection in Incomplete Data
	3 Concept Drift Detection Based on Denoising Autoencoder
		3.1 Overview
		3.2 Complementing Missing Values via Denoising Autoencoder
		3.3 Dissimilarity Test by Histograms
	4 Experiment
		4.1 Experiment on Synthetic Data
		4.2 Experiment on Real Data
	5 Conclusion
	References
Synthetic People Flow: Privacy-Preserving Mobility Modeling from Large-Scale Location Data in Urban Areas
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Proposed Method
		3.1 Abstraction of Real Users\' Movement and Stay Tendency
		3.2 Real User Classification
		3.3 Generating Synthetic Flow Data
	4 Evaluation
		4.1 Stay Density
		4.2 Amount of Travel
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Study on Metrics for Concept Drift Detection Based on Predictions and Parameters of Ensemble Model
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
		2.1 The Sources of Concept Drift
		2.2 The Types of Concept Drift
		2.3 Two Major Approaches to Deal with Concept Drift
		2.4 Concept Drift Detection Methods
		2.5 Ensemble
	3 Methods
	4 Experiments
		4.1 Datasets
		4.2 Evaluation
		4.3 Metrics
	5 Results
		5.1 Changes in Prediction Performance
		5.2 Changes in the Diversity of Predictions
		5.3 Changes in the Diversity of Model Parameters
		5.4 Comparisons
	6 Conclusion
	References
Event-Driven Interest Detection for Task-Oriented Mobile Apps
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 The Dataset
		3.1 Dataset Issues
	4 Methodology
		4.1 Event Definitions
		4.2 Markov Chain Modeller
		4.3 High Utitily Event (HUE) Miner
		4.4 HUE Scorer
		4.5 Clustering
	5 Experiments
		5.1 Environment
		5.2 Parsing
		5.3 Modelling the App
		5.4 Mining the HUEs
		5.5 Scoring HUEs
		5.6 Clustering by HUEs
	6 Limitations
	7 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
The First International Workshop on Smart Society Technologies (IWSST2021)
Caring Without Sharing: A Federated Learning Crowdsensing Framework for Diversifying Representation of Cities
	1 Introduction
	2 Background and Related Work
		2.1 Applications of Federated Learning in MCS
	3 Design Considerations
		3.1 Challenges
		3.2 Opportunities
	4 Overview of FLOAT Framework
		4.1 Server
		4.2 Client
	5 Case Study: Obstacle Detection
		5.1 Obstacle Detection Model
		5.2 Experiment Setting
		5.3 Experimental Results
	6 Discussion
		6.1 Limitation
		6.2 Research Road Map
	7 Conclusion
	References
AR-T: Temporal Relation Embedded Transformer for the Real World Activity Recognition
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Existing Approaches for Activity Recognition in Smart Spaces
		2.2 Attention Mechanisms in Various Domains
	3 Problem Definition
		3.1 Preliminaries
		3.2 Problems
	4 Proposed Approach: Activity Recognition Transformer
		4.1 Sensor Stream Preprocessing
		4.2 Temporal Relation Embedding
		4.3 Transformer ch40transformer Based Activity Recognition
	5 Experiments and Results
		5.1 Evaluation Description
		5.2 Case 1: Real Seminar Room Dataset
		5.3 Case 2: Multi-user CASAS Dataset
	6 Discussion
		6.1 Effects of Embedding Types
		6.2 Recognition Performance of BiLSTMs with an Attention Mechanism
		6.3 Effects of Window Sliding Methods
	7 Conclusion
	References
Analysis of The Effects of Cognitive Stress on the Reliability of Participatory Sensing
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Detection of Careless Responses
		2.2 Suppression of Careless Responses
		2.3 Effects of Stress on Behavior
		2.4 Study Position
	3 Analytical Framework
		3.1 Overview
		3.2 Cognitive Stress Conditions
		3.3 Investigation Metrics
	4 Experiment
		4.1 Experimental Outline
		4.2 Experimental Procedure
	5 Experimental Results
		5.1 Analysis of Results
		5.2 Analysis of Results of the Post-survey (Subjective Evaluation)
		5.3 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Design and Implementation of an Online and Cost-Effective Attendance Management System Using Smartphones and Cloud Services
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Smartphone-Based Attendance Management Systems
		2.2 RFID-Based Attendance Management Systems
		2.3 Bluetooth-Based Attendance Management Systems
		2.4 Biometrics-Based Attendance Management Systems
	3 Overview of the Proposed Attendance Management System
	4 Design and Implementation
		4.1 AWS API Gateway
		4.2 AWS DynamoDB
		4.3 AWS IAM
		4.4 AWS Lambda
		4.5 Time Comparison Method
		4.6 Handling of Attendance Data by Faculty Member
	5 Evaluation
		5.1 Testing
		5.2 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Daily Health Condition Estimation Using a Smart Toothbrush with Halitosis Sensor
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
		2.1 Health Status Measurement Using IoT Devices
		2.2 Relationship Between Oral Condition and Health
		2.3 Positioning of This Study
	3 Smart Toothbrush System
		3.1 System Overview
		3.2 Recovery Estimation Model
	4 Questionnaire About Recovery
		4.1 Recovery Experience
		4.2 Recovery State
	5 Experiment
		5.1 Data Collection
		5.2 Analysis of Collected Data
		5.3 Model Evaluation
		5.4 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
The Fourth International Workshop on Mobile Ubiquitous Systems, Infrastructures, Communications and AppLications (MUSICAL 2021 Fall)
Collision-Free Channel Assignment with Overlapped Channels in Multi-radio Multi-channel Wireless Mesh Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Definition
		3.1 Assumptions and Network Model
		3.2 Pocs-CSMA-Aware Interference Model
		3.3 Shared Link Capacity Model with POCs
	4 Problem Formulation
	5 Evaluation
		5.1 Optimization Evaluation
		5.2 Communication Performance Evaluation
	6 Conclusion
	References
Evaluating Multiple-Access Protocols: Asynchronous Pulse Coding vs. Carrier-Sense with Collision Avoidance
	1 Introduction
	2 Asynchronous Pulse Code Multiple Access Model
	3 Carrier Sense Multiple Access Model
	4 Comparative Evaluation of CSMA/CA and APCMA
		4.1 Mapping the Parameters Between CSMA/CA and APCMA
		4.2 Numerical Results
	5 Discussion and Conclusions
	References
Rate Control for Multi-link and Multi-relay Wireless LANs Supporting Real-Time Mobile Data Transmissions
	1 Introduction
	2 System Model
	3 An Experiment on Multi–link and Multi–relay Transmissions from a Drone
	4 Enhancements to Multi–link and Multi–relay System
		4.1 PHY Rate Control
		4.2 Overhearing
	5 Numerical Results and Discussions
		5.1 Simulation Model
		5.2 Simulation Results
	6 Conclusions
	References
Quality Analysis of Audio-Video Transmission in an OFDM-Based Communication System
	1 Introduction
	2 Audio Quality Evaluation
		2.1 Audio Signal Processing
		2.2 Speech Signal Samples
		2.3 Simulated Communication System
		2.4 Results
		2.5 Discussion
	3 Video Quality Evaluation
		3.1 Video Signal Processing
		3.2 Video Signal Samples
		3.3 Simulated Communication System
		3.4 Results
		3.5 Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	References
Coordinated Multi-UAV Adaptive Exploration Under Recurrent Connectivity Constraints
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Method
		3.1 Scenario Description
		3.2 Adaptive Collaborative Exploration Strategy Under Recurrent Connectivity Constraints
		3.3 Adaptive Threshold Planning Algorithm (ATP Algorithm)
	4 Experiments
		4.1 Configuration of Experiments
		4.2 Simulation Experiments
	5 Conclusion
	References
The Evaluation of the Angled Antenna Based Direction Estimation Scheme for RFID Tags
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed System
		2.1 Overview
		2.2 The Installation Angle of Antenna
		2.3 System Model
	3 Analysis Module
		3.1 Overview
		3.2 Phase Compensation
		3.3 Data Normalization
		3.4 Data Smoothing
		3.5 Calculate the Rate of Change
		3.6 Passage Detection by Phase
		3.7 Estimating the Direction of Movement by RSSI
	4 Implementation
	5 Evaluation
	6 Conclusion
	References
A Method for Expressing Intention for Suppressing Careless Responses in Participatory Sensing
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Careless Response Detection
		2.2 Improving Motivation with Monetary/Non-monetary Incentives
		2.3 Careless Response Suppression
		2.4 Study Position
	3 Proposed Method
		3.1 Expressing the Intention of Contributions (EIC) Method
		3.2 Implementation
	4 Evaluation Experiment
		4.1 Experimental Settings
		4.2 Sensing Task Setting
		4.3 Evaluation Method
	5 Experimental Results
		5.1 Quantitative Results
		5.2 Subjective Evaluation
		5.3 Limitations
	6 Conclusion and Future Prospects
	References
A Privacy-Aware Browser Extension to Track User Search Behavior for Programming Course Supplement
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 User Web Search
		2.2 Programming Web Search
		2.3 Programming Learning Web Search
	3 The TrackThinkTS Extension
		3.1 Logs Generation
		3.2 Workflow
	4 Logs Control
	5 Use Cases and Vision
		5.1 Experiments
		5.2 Dataset Composition
		5.3 Objectives
		5.4 Data Aggregation and Synchronization
	6 Conclusion
	References
Building a Crowdsensing Platform Based on Spatio-Temporal Fencing
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Research
	3 Crowdsensing Platform Based on Spatio-Temporal Fencing
		3.1 Definition of Spatio-Temporal Fencing
		3.2 Implementation of Lavlus
		3.3 Verification of Lavlus Operation
	4 Conclusion
	References
Innovative Technologies for the Healthcare Empowerment (InnovTech4Health)
WatchID: Wearable Device Authentication via Reprogrammable Vibration
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Attack Model
	4 Feasibility Study
		4.1 Device Credential Based on Vibrations
		4.2 Reprogrammable Vibration Patterns
	5 System Overview
		5.1 Challenges
		5.2 System Design
	6 Watch Identification Using Vibration
		6.1 Reprogrammable Vibration Signal Generation and Vibration Data Collection
		6.2 Data Pre-processing
		6.3 Device Credential Extraction
		6.4 Device Authentication Using Convolutional Neural Network
	7 Evaluation
		7.1 Experimental Hardware and Scenarios
		7.2 Data Collection
		7.3 Evaluation Metrics
		7.4 Overall Performance
		7.5 Effectiveness Under Different Attacks
		7.6 Robustness Under Different Vibration Patterns
		7.7 Impact of Training Size
	8 Conclusion
	References
Premises Based Smart Door Chains System Using IoT Cloud
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Proposed Framework
		3.1 Data Collection
		3.2 Face Recognition on AWS
		3.3 User Authentication
		3.4 Owner Notification
		3.5 Action Triggering
	4 Workflow of the System
	5 Experimental Analysis
		5.1 Experimental Setup
		5.2 Performance Evaluation
	6 Conclusion
	References
A Multimodal Approach to Synthetic Personal Data Generation with Mixed Modelling: Bayesian Networks, GAN\'s and Classification Models
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Method
		3.1 Tabular Data Generation Model
		3.2 Faces Images Generation Model
		3.3 Content Images Generation Model
		3.4 Multimodal Data Generation approach
	4 Experiments Results
		4.1 Generating Common Datasets
		4.2 Generation of Specific Populations
	5 Conclusion
	References
MeAct: A Non-obstructive Persuasive End-to-End Platform for Active and Healthy Ageing Support
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 The Proposed MeAct Platform
		3.1 Edge Layer Components
		3.2 Fog Layer
		3.3 Cloud Layer
	4 Discussion – Evaluation
	5 Conclusion
	References
Brain Activity Analysis of Stressed and Control Groups in Response to High Arousal Images
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Participants
		2.2 Stimuli
		2.3 T-test
	3 Experimental Analysis
		3.1 Data Labeling
		3.2 Statistical Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Short Papers
A Method for Estimating Actual Swimming Distance Using an Accelerometer and Gyroscope
	1 Proposed Method
	2 Evaluation
	Reference
Design and Implementation of a Finger Sack with an Electrode Array to Generate Multi-touch
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Device
	3 Evaluation
	4 Result
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Method for Identifying Individuals Entering a Bathtub Using a Water Pressure Sensor
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Method
	3 Evaluation
	4 Conclusion
	References
Designing a Smartphone-Based Assistance System for Blind People to Recognize Intersections and Obstacles in Indoor Corridors
	1 Introduction
	2 System Overview
	3 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Author Index